Акушерські ускладнення під час вагітності та пологів у жінок із лейоміомою матки

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Aim - to study the features of the clinical course of pregnancy and childbirth in women with uterine leiomyoma (LM) in order to improve the prevention of obstetric complications in these pregnant women. Materials and methods. A prospective study was conducted to analyze the characteristics of the course of pregnancy and childbirth in 112 pregnant women with uterine leiomyoma (main group, MG). The control group (CG) consisted of 45 pregnant women without uterine LM and without pregnancy complications. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was performed using the SPSS Statistics software. Differences at p<0.05 are considered statistically significant. Results. In the first half of pregnancy, retrochorionic haematoma was detected in 38 (33.9%) women in MG and 1 (2.2%) patient in CG; low placentation - in 6 (14.3%) and 1 (2.2%) woman, respectively; pulling pain in the lower abdomen and lower back - in 78 (69.6%) patients in MG, and slight bloody discharge from the genital tract - in 33 (29.5%) women in MG. In the second half of pregnancy, the threat of late spontaneous abortion was noted in 26 (23.2%) women in MG and 2 (4.4%) patients in CG; the threat of preterm birth - in 39 (34.8%) and 3 (6.7%) cases, respectively; placental insufficiency - in 27 (24.1%) and 2 (4.4%) patients, respectively; preterm birth - in 18 (16.1%) patients in MG; fetal distress in labour - in 12 (10.7%) women in MG and 2 (4.4%) patients in CG; moderate preeclampsia - in 24 (21.4%) and 4 (8.9%) women, respectively; severe preeclampsia - in 4 (3.5%) pregnant women in MG; fetal growth retardation syndrome - in 21 (18.7%) women in MG and 1 (2.2%) patient in CG; caesarean section - in 48 (42.9%) women in MG and 2 (4.4%) patients in CG. Conclusions. In women with LM, pregnancy is complicated by the threat of miscarriage of various terms, the threat of premature birth, placental insufficiency with FGR syndrome, preeclampsia, which causes a high rate of caesarean sections. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.