Abstract
Abstract. The article presents the results of theoretical modeling of the effects of thermoforce deformation of a cement-concrete medium in the vicinity of a capillary, partially or completely filled with water, at the stages of lowering the temperature of the system to zero degrees Celsius, turning water into ice at zero degrees and the subsequent drop in temperature. Based on the basic principles of the theory of thermoelasticity, differential equations of deformation of the system are constructed, taking into account the incompatibility of the thermomechanical characteristics of its phases and the peculiarities of the behavior of water when the temperature changes, which consists in its fluidity, incompressi-bility, the dependence of the coefficient of thermal expansion on temperature and the increase in volume when turning into ice. Closed-form solutions are constructed for these equations. It was established that in all cases the thermal stress in the cement-concrete medium is concentrated in the vicinity of the capillary wall and decreases inversely proportional to the square of the radial coordinate. At the stage of turning water into ice, they significantly exceed the strength limit of cement concrete and are the main reason for the formation of localized radial cracks that reduce the frost resistance of the cement concrete structure. Keywords: road materials, capillary pores, water freezing, ice expansion, thermal stress.
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