Метод определения состава сил и средств территориальных подразделений пожарной охраны

Abstract

Introduction. The directions of development of methodological approaches to determining the composition of forces and means of fire protection units created to extinguish fires and conduct emergency rescue operations in populated areas are considered. Goal and objectives. The purpose of the study is to improve the Methodology for calculating the number and technical equipment of territorial fire protection units, approved by Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia No. 700 dated October 15, 2021. The issues of taking into account the peculiarities of the districts (subdistricts) of the exit assigned to the territorial fire protection units in terms of the cost of fire extinguishing agents for outdoor firefighting, demographic, infrastructural and other parameters of а settlement are considered. The objective of the study is to develop a mathematical model for determining the number of fire protection units of a settlement, their technical equipment for basic and special vehicles, taking into account the operational and tactical characteristics of the districts (subdistricts) of the departure of operational fire protection units. Methods. To solve this problem, methods of analysis and processing of statistical data are applied. Results and discussion. The directions of development of methodological provisions for determining the number, composition of forces and means of fire protection units of settlements are proposed. Taking into account the provisions of Article 76 of Federal Law No. 123-FZ dated July 22, 2008 "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements", the concept of "basic service radius of a fire department" was introduced and its significance for urban and rural settlements was determined. A procedure has been developed for calculating the number of fire protection units and the boundaries of the district (subdistrict) of their departure in a locality, as well as determining the required number of basic and special fire trucks for fire extinguishing and emergency rescue operations in a locality. For example, Using the proposed method, the calculation of the forces and means of fire protection in Nakhodka was carried out. Conclusion. Proposals have been developed to improve the Methodology for calculating the number and technical equipment of fire protection units created to extinguish fires and carry out emergency rescue operations in populated areas, approved by Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia No. 700 dated October 15, 2021. The proposals are related to taking into account the operational and tactical characteristics of the districts (subdistricts) of the departure of operational fire protection units in populated areas when determining their composition of forces and means. Keywords: locality; fire protection; exit area (subdistrict); service radius; water consumption for outdoor firefighting; forces and means.