Оцінка впливу державних операторів енергоринків на формування ринкових цін на енергоресурси

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The article systematically reviews the peculiarities of pricing on the domestic markets of energy resources (natural gas and electricity). Special attention is paid to the issues of balancing the volumes of energy resources on the relevant markets, determining the payment mechanism for such balancing, the validity of such a fee and its impact on the final prices paid by consumers of the relevant energy resources. There have been analyzed researches on the raised issue of domestic energy specialists, specialized associations, reports of international monitoring agencies, etc. It has been established that the functions of balancing on the energy markets are entrusted to state companies - operators of transportation systems. The balancing functions of system operators in the technical aspect are recognized as unquestionable. At the same time, the mechanism for determining the balancing fee, which is considered insufficiently substantiated and discriminatory towards customers of such services, has been critically evaluated. The scheme of interaction of customers of transportation services with the operators of the respective systems in terms of regulating the deficit and surplus of energy resources is given, with a reflection of the cash flow of balancing services payments. Also there have been shown the volumes of conditional overlapping of deficits and surpluses in specific periods, the collection of fees for balancing of which is carried out by operators without proper justification and in a discriminatory way. Emphasis is placed on the inability to resolve the issue of the validity of balancing fees with the help of balancing groups as an alternative to state operators of transportation systems As a result, the ways to solve the problem of the unreasonableness of the balancing fee and its discrimination through changing the mechanism of its calculation were proposed, as well as through the expansion of market mechanisms of cross-platform purchase and sale of deficits and surpluses of energy resources with their integration with information systems of state operators.