Риски применения алгоритмов искусственного интеллекта в социально-политической сфере: обзор современных научных работ

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This article identifies contemporary significant scientific problems related to the risks of using artificial intelligence algorithms in the socio-political sphere. The relevance of this work is determined by current technological trends, leading to metamorphoses in society and the state, and characterized by the introduction of predictive analytics techniques, ratings, post-racial logic, various modes of temporality, and the recursiveness of social processes. At the same time, the consequences, and systemic effects of the introduction of artificial intelligence algorithms into the current socio-political practice of various countries have not yet been sufficiently studied. Critical discourse analysis of academic research was chosen as the main methodological lens. This study also used the principles of comparative analysis of phenomena significant for society and the state. The contribution of this work is seen in the theoretical generalization of existing research on the chosen topic. The analysis made it possible to identify several key problems identified in contemporary scientific discourse and associated with the implementation of artificial intelligence algorithms in the socio-political sphere – algorithmization of power, opacity of neural network algorithms, potential for manipulation of mass consciousness, and algorithmic discrimination. Based on an analysis of academic research, this study describes potential scenarios for the introduction of artificial intelligence algorithms into current socio-political practice. Based on the results of the study, a key conclusion is drawn that the greatest significance in the socio-political space is related to the algorithmization of power based on the use of artificial intelligence technologies and neural network algorithms. The ongoing redistribution of power in the sphere of political governance is not simply due to the spread of algorithmic practices but is also associated with the growing role of digital technology corporations claiming their own political subjectivity. The authors of this study see the most critical scenario as the emergence of an “algorithmically closed circle” and the formation of various opacity, manipulation, and discrimination effects associated with such an algorithmic circle in the socio-political sphere.