Застосування мехатронних систем в системі машин для тваринництва

Abstract

The purpose of this work is the systematization of research and implementation of mechatronic systems in the system of machines for keeping, caring for and obtaining the primary products of animal husbandry. The use of mechatronic systems in keeping animals and poultry, providing a microclimate, watering, feeding, removing manure and obtaining products is considered. The development of mechatronic systems in the animal husbandry system involves controlling the movement of animals through the farm, which is mainly provided by pre-selection gates. Unmanned aerial vehicles can also be used for animal monitoring when animals are kept out on pasture. To ensure the proper microclimate in modern ventilation systems, programmable multi-stage controllers are used to control the ventilation equipment. Introduction of elements of mechatronic systems into animal watering, there was a means of controlling the consumption of water individually by each animal. The application of mechatronic systems is also in stationary feed distribution systems, in mobile systems such as self-propelled or coordinate mixer dispensers, feed pushers, as well as in systems for recognizing the weight and size of animals to automatically change the amount of feed given to individual animals. The implementation of mechatronic systems in manure removal systems is realized in automated scraper systems and in mobile manure cleaning robots. There are also machines for milking and collecting eggs equipped by mechatronic systems. Conducted research shows that almost all mechanized processes of keeping, care and obtaining products in livestock and poultry farming use mechatronic systems, which already either have specific design solutions and are used on farms or are still at the stages of development and research. The main driving force behind the introduction of mechatronic systems in animal husbandry is the reduction of labor costs, improved control over mechanized processes on the farm, improvement of the performance of mechanized technological processes and ensuring the welfare of animals.