Сравнительная оценка загрузочных инъекций анти-VEGF препаратов при васкулярных отслойках ретинального пигментного эпителия

Abstract

Purpose. To compare of the effectiveness of anti-VEGF therapy in patients with exudative form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Material and methods. This study included 30 patients (30 eyes) with the exudative form of AMD. Standard ophthalmological examination methods and additional methods were carried out: optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT-angiography using the Spectralis HRA+OCT device “Heidelberg Engineering” (Germany) in standard mode. The patients were divided into two groups depending on the anti-VEGF drug: group I (15 eyes) — patients receiving aflibercept (Eylea, Bayer, Germany); group II (15 eyes) — patients who received faricimab (Vabismo, F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd, Switzerland). All patients received loading intravitreal injections (IVI) of anti-VEGF drugs: 3 IVI of aflibercept or 4 IVI of faricimab. Data were assessed before the start of treatment, 1 month after the start of treatment and after loading injections. Results. In groups I and II, after the first intravitreal injection, there was a decrease in the height of the retinal pigment epithelium detachment and the central thickness of the retina, and an increase in visual acuity. In both groups, after loading injections, compared with the beginning of the study, the height of the retinal pigment epithelium detachment decreases and the thickness of the central zone of the retina decreases, and visual functions stabilize. Conclusions. Antiangiogenic therapy is an effective treatment for neovascular AMD. Despite the fact that intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF drugs stabilize visual acuity and improve morphological parameters, longer observation periods are required to further evaluate the effectiveness of anti-VEGF therapy. Keywords: retinal pigment epithelium detachment, age-related macular degeneration, antiVEGF therapy