РИНОК ПРАЦІ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ

Abstract

Basic aspects of functioning of labour-market in the conditions of war are reflected in the article. Basic factors that always influenced on forming of labour-market are examined, namely: amount of population, level of GDP, unemployment and employment rate, the level of wages and incomes of the population, as well as indicators of population poverty, the index of business activity, the number of jobs, etc. A lot of attention is paid to the analysis of the demographic factor, as it affects the formation and functioning of the labor market. After all, as a result of the war with Russia, Ukrainians will already be reduced by millions, since the war entails an increase in the death rate, a decrease in the birth rate, a deterioration in health, in particular due to stress, untimely treatment and the unavailability of quality medical care, and of course population migration. In addition, the demographic impact of the war is significant not only during the war, but also during the following decades. The history of the development of the Ukrainian labor market is analyzed separately, because even before the start of hostilities and the pandemic, a high supply of labor was formed in Ukraine with low payment for its services, which was also accompanied by the actual degradation of the workforce. A detailed analysis of supply and demand in the labor market was also carried out. Thus, the analysis showed that the offer on the labor market in Ukraine already in April 2022 entered the stage of adaptation, and therefore the market began to resume its activity. The article also examines various studies of the level of unemployment in Ukraine, which made it possible to form the main trends in the labor market of Ukraine during the war. The payment of labor services, namely the wages of employees, as an integral component of the labor market, is also analyzed. It was determined that in some regions the drop in wages reaches more than 50%, therefore a detailed analysis of wages by month and by region was carried out. The question of the state's reaction to a shock on the labor market is also considered. That is, help for the unemployed, jobs and affairs during the war.