СУЧАСНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ДЕМОГРАФІЧНОЇ СИТУАЦІЇ В УКРАЇНІ

Abstract

Goal. Analysis of the dynamics of demographic indicators in the regions of Ukraine. Method. The study is based on general scientific methods, namely, analysis and synthesis, descriptive, analytical. And also socio-geographical - comparative-geographical. Results. The dynamics and regional features of births, deaths, natural increase / decrease in population, life expectancy at birth, migration growth / decrease in population for the period 2001-2020 in Ukraine are analyzed. The main causes of population mortality in 2020 are revealed. The dynamics of indicators that characterize marital and family relations in Ukraine, namely, the coefficients of marriage, divorce, the average age of marriage registration for both men and women, the average age of the mother at birth, the share of illegitimate children. The new model of family and marital relations that is being formed in Ukraine is characterized by a high level of consensual marriages, an increase in the age of marriage, a high level of extramarital births, a low birth rate and high levels of economic and consumer activity. Accordingly, the demographic situation in Ukraine is characterized by a crisis in the birth rate, deteriorating health of the population (especially reproductive age), increased mortality and reduced life expectancy. The priority tasks for improving the demographic situation in Ukraine should be: stabilizing the birth rate and bringing it in the long run to a level that provides a simple mode of demographic reproduction; improving the health of the population, reducing mortality and increasing life expectancy; strengthening the institution of the family, as well as creating conditions for combining professional activities with family responsibilities for women; improving the regulation of migration processes. Scientific novelty. Analysis of traditional demographic indicators. However, the analysis of marital and family relations and the role of women in society, as well as their impact on the demographic situation. Practical significance. Analysis of indicators in space and time to identify trends. The introduction of demographic policy measures in domestic practice will help improve the demographic situation in the country.