РЕФЛЕКСІЯ УКРАЇНСЬКО-ПОЛЬСЬКИХ СТАРОЖИТНІХ ФРАЗЕОЛОГІЧНИХ ПАРАЛЕЛЕЙ

Abstract

The article deals with the urgent problem of linguistic contacts between the neighboring nations – Ukrainians and Poles. Chronological boundaries are outlined in the 16th – 17th centuries, when the influence of the Polish language on Ukrainian was most noticeable. The author draws attention to the historical and social factors that led to contacts. The purpose of the article was to find out the peculiarities of language contacts at the phraseological level, which is quite conservative from the point of view of grammar. The main task was to trace the reflection of phraseological units through the prism of individual perception of Ukrainians and Poles. As this is only our first article in this field, we have limited our choice of phraseology with the горло / gardło component. The most commonly used are phraseological units that represent the semantic field of «die». The use of these phraseological units is motivated by extra-linguistic factors. Noteworthy is the fact that the phrase горло / gardło in phraseological units develops enantiosemic potencies. According to the analysis of Ukrainian and Polish poetic works, the semantic palette of such stable combinations of words is almost identical, the difference is observed only in the verbalization of devotion: Polish poets use phraseologism to depict devotion to secular ideals, while Ukrainian – religious. The structural organization of phraseological units in both languages is identical: they are formed by the model «noun + verb» and «verb + preposition + noun», sometimes complicated by attributive optional components (adjective, pronoun). We periodically record lexical variability. Some phraseological units are synonymous and antonymic.