ГЛОБАЛЬНІ ТРЕНДИ РОЗВИТКУ ТРАНСПОРТНО-ЛОГІСТИЧНИХ ПОСЛУГ

Abstract

The article considers global trends of development by transport and logistics services. The influence of globalization and internationalization on the development of logistics, transport and logistics services and the relevant market is revealed. The direct connection between globalization and the growth of trade flows is determined, which is reflected in the changes in global trends in the development of transport and logistics service. The modern logistics market is developing rapidly, which is facilitated by the rapid development of world trade and progress in increasing the volume of multinational corporations and the dynamic development of the financial and economic sector, which greatly simplifies trade. Since 2011, world exports have exceeded pre-crisis levels, and since then the value of world exports of goods and services has only grown. The world's largest exporting countries are China, United States, Germany, Japan and other countries, in fact, these countries hold the lead in imports. World trade of goods in 2020 decreased by 5.3%. The reason for this reduction was the introduction of lockdowns and restrictions on the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. The article traces the dynamics of changes in Ukraine's foreign trade during 2000-2020. It is concluded that the dynamics of foreign trade has changed over the past 5 years. Ukraine's largest market for foreign trade is the EU. The largest share is occupied by such countries as Poland, the Netherlands, Italy, the smallest share in the structure of foreign trade is Malta, Luxembourg, Cyprus, Croatia. It is established that the method of transportation of products has changed. In recent years, the requirement to preserve the integrity of cargo has become widespread. And here the important way of transportations at constantly growing needs became transportation in containers. Approximately 70% of all transportation is carried out in containers that ensure modularity, integrity, warehousing and storage of goods. It was also found that the issue of quality prevails over the "price" indicator. More and more customers prefer high-quality transport and logistics services. The study made it possible to establish global trends in changes in the requirements and directions of development of transport and logistics services.