Структурная трансформация возобновляемой энергии в Венгрии

Abstract

According to the Eurostat database, the percentage of renewable energy sources inthe energy mix of the EU is increasing year after year (www.europa.eu/eurostat). In 2018, thevalues reached 73% in neighboring Austria (48% in Croatia, 42% in Romania, 32% in Slovenia and21% in Slovakia), Hungary now stands at 8%. Wind energy is the leader in the renewable energystructure of the EU countries (35, 8% in 2018), since the construction of wind farms is prohibitedin our country, one of the main objectives of research is to examine our energy structure. Our lastposition in renewable energy in 2020 prompted the government to develop a new climate strategy(mekh.hu/nemzetienergiastrategia2030). According to the new strategy, Hungary is estimated to beclimate and carbon neutral by the end of the decade. Among the alternative sources of energy,solar energy is becoming the favorite, and our article points out why other forms of energy are beingovershadowed. Analyzing the changes in the country’s future energy mix, it can be said that it willbe based essentially on nuclear power and electricity from Russia’s electricity grid. However, due tothe drastic drop in the cost of solar panels in the energy mix of households, solar energy has becomea favorite of renewable energy sources. In the climate strategy, the government plans to create 8,000MW of solar energy by 2050, which will be mainly used in households, municipal buildings, andtourism.