ТИПОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПАМЯТНИКОВ МОНГОЛЬСКОГО ВРЕМЕНИ (ЦЕНТРАЛЬНЫЙ КАЗАХСТАН)

Abstract

The article presents a generalized characteristic of the empirical types of the Mongolian time sites in Saryarka. They were previously divided into two groups: the first (allochthonous) one is represented by the alleged burials of the Early Mongolian archaeological culture; the second (autochthonous) one continues the conditionally immanent development of burial architecture and rituals of the Oguz-Kimak-Kypchak population in the realities of the Golden Horde dominion and the influence of Islam. To identify the burials of the early Mongols, a feature is used (the installation of the small ruminant’s leg bone in a vertical manner at the head of the deceased), which is characteristic of the rituals of the population of the Baikal region. The rest of the parameters (the grave structure, etc.) are rather trivial for the population of the early, and partly, the developed Middle Ages of Saryarka. In the Golden Horde time, the construction of the grave structures began to undergo changes. Stone embankments were replaced by earthen ones. Sub-kurgan adobe enclosures, including peshtaks, appeared. Non-inventory graves made in accordance with the qibla began to spread. Keywords: Saryarka, developed Middle Ages, burial, ritual, complex