ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЙ ОПЫТ ОЦЕНКИ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ НАЛОГОВОГО СТИМУЛИРОВАНИЯ НИОКР

Abstract

The article describes the applied measures of tax incentives for scientific, development and innovation activities on the example of foreign countries: Great Britain, Finland, New Zealand, Mexico, Latvia, etc. A generalized analysis of the effectiveness of tax incentives for R&D provided to large companies and small and medium-sized businesses is given. On the example of the legislation of Ireland, the study of the categorical apparatus is carried out. The role of the International Monetary Fund and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development in the study of tax incentives for R&D is determined. The work is based on the application of general scientific and private scientific methods: statistical, comparative legal, historical, etc. A comparative analysis of direct government financing and tax support of R&D for business is provided. Several methods of evaluating the effectiveness of stimulating research and development are considered. Conclusions are drawn about the key global patterns in the field of assessing the effectiveness of tax incentives for R&D. In conclusion, the author notes that depending on the size of the economy and the level of its development, governments of different countries choose different types and sizes of tax instruments within the framework of fiscal policy. There is also a lack of unity in the methodology for calculating the impact of the proposed benefits on the growth rate of R&D financing.