Abstract
The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effect of tourism competitiveness on gender equality, and the moderating effect of country groups on the impact of tourism competitiveness on gender equality. As a labor-intensive industry, the tourism industry promotes women’s social participation with a significant social and cultural impact on gender equality. Particularly tourism competitiveness has a ripple effect, making it possible to comprehensively judge its effect on gender equality rather than individual tourism indicators. This study uses panel data of 138 countries from 2008 to 2017. Gender equality is analyzed into economic participation and opportunity(EPO), educational attainment(EA), health and survival(HS), and political empowerment (PE), and the country groups are divided into factor, efficiency, and innovation-driven countries. The results of the study showed that tourism competitiveness had an overall positive effect on EA. Additionally, the factor-driven group showed a significant moderating effect on gender equality in EA, and the innovation-driven group showed a significant moderating effect on gender equality in EPO, HS, and PE.
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