Применение секретома ММСК для стимуляции репаративного остеогенеза: экспериментальное исследование

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the effect obtained by using a regenerative medicine drug (secretome of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells) to stimulate reparative regeneration of a long tubular bone after a fracture. The presented materials are a fragment of comprehensive studies on the mechanisms of reparative regeneration of bone tissue under the conditions of the use of cellular products. The work was carried out on outbred white rats, in which the state of the bone regenerate was studied on the 30th and 120th days after injury. After the fracture, the animals were kept under normal conditions, without immobilization or restriction of motor activity. The work used methods of anatomical preparation and light microscopy. Studies have shown that the use of a secretome was accompanied by a more reliable consolidation of fragments behind the ossification of the callus, in the structure of which by the final period of the experiment lamellar bone tissue predominated, against which foci were observed reticulofibrous bone tissue and small fragments of cartilaginous tissue with signs of osteolysis and replacement with bone tissue. In the control group, the reparative process occurred more slowly, foci of cartilaginous tissue remained in the structure of the regenerate for a long time, and the bone tissue was represented mainly by reticulofibrous tissue. A significant amount of connective tissue was revealed between the fragments. All this indicates instability and unreliable consolidation of fragments. Apparently, the secretome of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells stimulates the repair of bone tissue in fractures by improving the trophic supply in the healing area, against the background of which the formation and remodeling of callus is activated.