Управление параметрами газовых горелок отражательных печей горения при плавлении никельсодержащего сырья

Abstract

The purpose of the reserch is to develop and justify the principles of the energy model of an industrial reverberatory furnace taking into account chemical composition and properties of natural gas, which is widely used as a fuel in metallurgical processes to ensure the efficient operation of open gas furnaces in the production of crude Nickel. Сombustion of natural gas in the burners of the gas brands GGSB-1.4 and GGSB-2,2 (of medium pressure with the heat capacity of 1.4 MW, gas flow rate of 140 m 3 /h and connecting gas pressure before the burner of not more than 40 kPa, nominal gas pressure before the burner of not more than 20 kPa) always results in the production of carbon dioxide and soot, which have an adverse effect on the process flow. High content of hydrogen and carbon in the gas changes the thermal balance of the process of crude Nickel smelting. To study the combustion process of natural gas of different composition taking place in the burners of medium pressure the computer program STANJAN is used with the application of the wet gas-based flowmeter OPTISONIC 7300 for pressure measurement. The flowmeter confirmed the stable operation of the device when the liquid content in the gas is up to 1% of the gas volume. The amount of waste flue gases is measured using MRU Delta 65-3 gas analyzers, which identify the total amount of gases (O 2 , CO, NO), temperature, pressure (vacuum), as well as calculate the content of CO 2 and plant efficiency. The value of the maximum temperature of combustion products and their ratio to the excess values in the balance during the entire heating of the air is obtained. The dependencies for industrial burner automation process optimization while minimizing energy losses and emission of harmful substances are determined. Conducted research allows to reveal the negative effect of excess air on the maximum temperature of melting products and the positive effect of air preheating at this temperature. When the air with the temperature of 50°C (instead of 25°C) arrives to the burner the temperature of flame rises, which increases the heat added to the load and reduces the energy consumption of the process. Excess air and product temperature in a thermal process based on natural gas combustion are the primary factors in the determination of environmental and energy aspects of the process.