Abstract
The purpose of the article is to develop and substantiate the principles of an energy model of an industrial reverberatory furnace taking into account chemical composition and properties of natural gas as well as to calculate the furnace thermal efficiency in order to estimate its industrial performance. To conduct the research mathematical calculations are performed based on the data of chemical and physical analysis of flue gases and chimney temperature using standard graphs of excess air and enthalpy values of flue gas components. The measurement of the amount of waste pollutants is carried out using MRU Delta 65-3 gas analyzers, which identify the total amount of gases (O2, CO, NO, H2S) They determine the temperature, pressure (vacuum), calculate the content of CO2 and installation efficiency as well. Aspen Hysys program is used to verify the mathematical model. The data on the properties of natural gas are obtained including the data on chemical composition, molecular weight, calorific value, excess air during combustion. The data on flue gases are also obtained, which include the data on the burnt gas components, molecular weights, enthalpy, calorific value, flue gases ratio at the temperatures from 94°C to 316°C. The chemical reactions of combustion given with the number of moles required and formed for each reaction are used to calculate the thermal efficiency of a reverberatory furnace for nickel alloys. The calculated data are confirmed by Aspen Hysys software. Based on the studies conducted, it is found that the variable having the greatest influence on the thermal efficiency is the low calorific value, since it depends on the composition of the natural gas. The proposed methods for calculating the thermal efficiency using a computer program are effective if an operator wants to evaluate the furnace operation efficiency on site.
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