ОБЩИЙ ПОДХОД К РЕШЕНИЮ ЗАДАЧИ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ РАБОТО-СПОСОБНОСТИ ТРАКТОРОВ В АПК

Abstract

Agricultural production is characterized by the seasonality of mechanized work in the cultivation of crops. In addition, the amount of wear on aggregates and equipment systems is determined, on the one hand, by natural and climatic conditions and, on the other, by the nomenclature of operations performed in the planned period, organizational, production and technical conditions in a particular farm. Tractor units and systems are interconnect with each other and interdependent on each other, i.e. the amount of wear of some parts affects the wear of others. In this regard, the purpose of the research is to develop a concept for ensuring the operability of tractors in the agro-industrial complex by optimizing the resource consumption of aggregates and systems, taking into account the conditions of their operation. The most promising direction for improving the efficiency of tractor operation is the development of measures to optimize the resource consumption of their units and systems, taking into account the operating conditions of machinery in the agro-industrial complex. To predict changes in the physical parameter of a part, unit, and tractor system for the planned period of a certain amount of work, a concept is introduced - an indicator of resource consumption, which determines the amount of change in the diagnostic parameter of the unit state per unit of work performed. The assessment of the tractor condition is carry out by the level of equipment resource consumption, which makes it possible to promptly respond to the state of technical operation of equipment, the conditions of their operation and develop measures to optimize resource consumption. The resource consumption level (Urr) of the tractor, theoretically, can vary from 0 to 1. In this case, Urr=0 it is assumed that the tractor is written off from the balance sheet of the farm or is missing; with Urr=1, it is assumed that the tractor is in good condition and all tractor parameters have nominal values. With known patterns of changes in the level of resource consumption for various types of agricultural operations, it becomes possible to plan the range of work for each tractor for the planned period, taking into account the optimal resource consumption of their units and systems.