Abstract
Animal husbandry in the Russian Federation is a key branch of agriculture, supplying the population with life-supporting, indispensable foodstuffs. The number of cattle in the Russian Federation over the past 3 years from 2020 to 2022 averaged 18,2 thousand heads, pigs – 26,0 thousand heads and small cattle – 21,432 thousand heads. From this livestock, only in 2021, milk was received – 24 976,3 thousand tons, cattle for slaughter in live weight – 1751,3 thousand tons, sheep and goats for slaughter – 237,5 thousand tons, as well as pigs for slaughter 3914,3 thousand tons. However, due to the intensification of the industry, diseases of non-contagious etiology are widespread, associated with violations of the technology of keeping and feeding animals, technological, thermal and other stresses, lack or insufficiency of exercise, a decrease in the immune status and resulting in large economic losses. Among such diseases in all considered areas of animal husbandry, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory system, metabolic disorders and diseases of the reproductive organs in cattle are the most common.
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