Влияние ограждений вертикальных стальных резервуаров с бензином на снижение потенциального пожарного риска

Abstract

Purpose. The article discusses the procedure and features of developing logical event trees, which are an integral part of the fire hazard analysis in the assessment of fire risks at industrial facilities and are widely applied at various facilities to be protected, using the example of emergency situations at typical vertical steel tanks (VST) with gasoline. The authors demonstrate the effect of the standard earthen embankment and the enclosing wall with a wave deflector for a VST on reducing the potential fire risk. Methods. The methodological and regulatory basis for developing logical event trees and assessing fire risk are the requirements of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 123-FZ dated 22.07.2008 “Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements”, as well as the “Methodology for Determining Estimated Values of Fire Risk at Industrial Facilities”, approved by Order of EMERCOM of Russia No. 404 dated 10.07.2009. Findings. The paper presents complete logical event trees that can be implemented on RVSs with gasoline, and provides information on the justification of the frequency rate of a fire hazard, even if its standard values are absent. The efficiency of using an enclosing wall with a wave deflector in tank farms is substantiated. For the considered RVS-20000 with gasoline, the use of such a barrier can reduce the potential fire risk in the range from 10–6 to 10–8 year–1 at the corresponding distances from the tank from 7.7 to 13 times, compared with the application of a standard earthen embankment. Research application field. The developed logical event trees and proposals for constructing enclosing walls with a wave deflector in tank farms can be used in activities of EMERCOM of Russia, expert organizations, research and design institutes, as well as higher education institutions and other educational organizations, when resolving issues of confirming the compliance of industrial facilities to be protected with the required level of fire safety based on fire risk assessment within the framework of performing final qualification papers and developing special technical conditions. Conclusions. The use of the obtained results in the educational process will improve the quality of training students who are competent in the following areas: methods of assessing the compliance of the facility to be protected with the requirements of regulations and normative documents; methods for determining the calculated values of fire risk; systems for ensuring fire safety of facilities to be protected aimed at reducing fire risk.