Организация подачи (транспортировки) огнетушащих веществ на тушение пожаров способом перекачки

Abstract

Purpose. For the first time ever the article comprehensively considers issues related to water supply (transportation) to the seat of extinguishing large scale fires over long distances. The authors pay special attention to the conditions determining the choice of pumping as a way of supplying water over long distances. Recommendations are given on the choice of water pumping method and its practical implementation at the fire scene. The calculation method of pump and hose systems implemented during pumping and the express method for determining pumping parameters for practical workers are presented. Methods. Based on extinguishing large scale fires data analysis, topical issues on extinguishing agents supply (transportation) by pumping method were identified, analytical calculations of pump-hose systems parameters implemented when pumping water to the seat of extinguishing large scale fires were made, taking into account tactical and technical characteristics of modern fire trucks. Findings. The proposed method (algorithm) allows converting analytical calculations into accurate calculation system (express method) using a spreadsheet or nomograph. For the first time ever the express calculation table shows the dependence of pumping parameters on the distance between the water source and fire source and the water flow rates supplied by fire pressure hoses. This table allows determining the need of water pumping supply to the fire scene and determining the number of pumping stages; number of fire pressure hoses for pumping; pressure on water tenders fire pumps operating in pumping. Express method provides calculation of water pumping parameters from pump to pump via one or two main hose lines. Research application field. Based on this study, the team of authors developed “Recommendations for applying fire departments tactical capabilities at extinguishing fires and conducting emergency rescue operations.” Conclusions. . Knowledge and application of conditions determining the choice of pumping as a method of supplying (transportation) water over long distances, recommendations for choosing a pumping water method, as well as the methodology for calculating hose systems parameters, the number of main fire trucks for supplying fire extinguishing agents to the fire scene by pumping will increase the level of tactical training of the fire chief. The proposed express method for determining the pumping parameters according to the nomograph allows the fire chief and other officials to reduce the time for making managerial decisions and organizing the supply (transportation) of water for fire extinguishment, as well as reduce the area of extinguishing fires and reduce economic and material damage from them.