ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ СОЦІАЛЬНО ДОСТУПНОГО ЖИТЛА В УКРАЇНІ: ФІНАНСОВО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ

Abstract

The article examines the state and factors of influence on the development of construction (acquisition in the secondary market) of socially affordable housing in Ukraine. The well-known interpretations of the terms "social" and "affordable" housing are considered and the author's understanding of the term "socially accessible housing" through the use of affordable mortgages with the support of the state is proposed, which is a financial and economic tool for solving the social housing problem. The existing regulatory framework and plans of the state leadership to regulate the issue of providing state support and providing citizens with affordable housing are considered. The urgency of the development and implementation of the strategy for the restoration of the mortgage market in Ukraine, which was initiated by the President of Ukraine and the Government, was noted. Using the example of a hypothetical family of 4 people living in the regional center of Ukraine – a millionaire (Dnipro), calculations have been made that demonstrate that the development of socially affordable housing will be relevant for a long time in Ukraine, because now there is a significant gap between the incomes of citizens and the conditions for the provision of state financial support for the acquisition of affordable housing. The article analyzes statistical data on the volume of housing purchases by citizens with the support of the state in 2010-2020 against the background of an analysis of the dynamics of the country's housing stock and the construction of apartments in new buildings for the same period. Objective macroeconomic and political and legal factors, as well as internal, specific for Ukraine, factors of influence on the development of the socially affordable housing market have been identified. Specific impact factors include: administrative and legal improvement of the activities of joint investment institutions and asset management companies in the field of housing construction; settlement of issues of transparent land allocation for construction and implementation of a systematic approach to urban planning based on the principles of development; regulation of the principles of activity and the status of condominiums. The need for a systematic consideration of the entire life cycle of a project for the construction and operation of residential buildings with the aim of integrated implementation of energy efficient technologies, materials, engineering equipment, the concept of a circular economy was emphasized.