Особенности факоэмульсификации катаракты и расчета ИОЛ у пациентов с гиперметропией высокой степени

Abstract

Despite the fact that phacoemulsification is a standard operation, in patients with high hypermetropia, this procedure may be accompanied by complications associated with a short axial axis of the eyeball, a small anterior chamber, as well as IOL calculation errors. Purpose. To evaluate the results of cataract surgical treatment and the accuracy of IOL calculation in patients with high-grade hypermetropia. Materials and methods. 34 patients (49 eyes) with high-grade hypermetropia who underwent cataract surgery with IOL implantation under observation were included. The comparison of uncorrected (UCVA) and corrected (BCVA) visual acuity, spherical refraction equivalent, IOP before surgery, at discharge, 1 and 6 months after surgery was carried out. Results. There was an increase in UCVA to 0.47 ± 0.13 and BCVA to 0.64 ± 0.21, as well as a decrease in the refractive index to –0.03 ± 0.29 in the postoperative period. The average IOP values after surgery in this sample of patients decreased from 14.45 ± 3.40 to 12.83 ± 5.04, and remained stable throughout the follow-up period. However, a significant refractive error of the IOL calculation was noted in one case, and an increase in IOP with the development of the posterior block in 1 case. These conditions required additional interventions and were stopped. Conclusion. Phacoemulsification with IOL in hypermetropia of a high degree improves the visual functions of this category of patients. It is necessary to take into account the short axial length of the eyeball when calculating the IOL and use several modern formulas. At the same time, the possibility of refractive error cannot be completely excluded, which should be discussed with the patient at the stage of planning the operation. Key words: phacoemulsification, hypermetropia, biometrics, IOL