Zoogeographical Considerations Research Articles

New records of dragonflies (Odonata) in Zambia

Zoogeographically important data on the occurrence of 22 dragonfly species in Zambia are presented, including at least seven species for the first time recorded or unambiguously confirmed in the country. They filled gaps in the previously known distribution ranges and showed that some of them reach further, especially to the south, but also west or north. Zoogeographical considerations are completed with some remarks on species’ morphological traits and habitat selection and activity.

The Crabs from Mayotte Island (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura)

A collection of crabs assembled during the KUW 2009 expedition to Mayotte Island and deposited in the Museum national d’Histoire naturelle Paris is studied. In total 202 species are recognized, 138 of them being new records for the Island and a list of brachyuran crabs is documented and illustrated with photographs. A complementary list of all crabs previously in taxonomic literature from Mayotte and its nearest Islands (Comoros Islands, Glorieuses Islands and marine banks of Zelee, Geyser and Leven) is also provided. In total 298 crabs are identified from the region, the richness of this fauna is discussed with zoogeographic considerations and the prospects for further studies are outlined.

Ascidiacea (Chordata, Tunicata) from Uruguay (SW Atlantic): checklist and zoogeographic considerations

Fil: Fabrizio Scarabino. Centro Universitario Regional del Este - CURE, Universidad de la Republica y Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Montevideo, ; Uruguay

A New Species ofAnillinusCasey from the Oak Ridge Area West of the Appalachian Mountains in Tennessee (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae: Bembidiini)

ABSTRACT A new species of Anillinus Casey, 1918, is described from the Oak Ridge area, Roane County, Tennessee, in the eastern United States. Based on the presence of two patches with effaced microsculpture on the vertex, Anillinus inexpectatus, new species, belongs to the Anillinus loweae-group of species. Within this group, a patch of long setae on the ventral margin of the median lobe of the aedeagus places the new species close to Anillinus steevesi Barr, 1996. Modifications to a previous key for the A. loweae-group species are provided for identification of the new species, and zoogeographical considerations and biogeographical barriers for the A. loweae-group species are discussed.

THE GENUS NITOCRA BOECK (COPEPODA HARPACTICOIDA) IN THE JORDAN RIFT VALLEY

ABSTRACT Four species of the genus Nitocra Boeck are reported from the waters of the Jordan system. Nitocra incerta (Richard) b considered as a species independent from Nitocra hibernica (Brady) on the basis of biometrical considerations and on the ecological segregation of the two species in the Jordan valley. Nitocra balnearia n.sp. is described from the mineral spring of Hamei Zohar, on the shores of the Dead Sea, and is related to Nitocra spinipes Boeck. Nitocra lacustris Schmankewitsch is reported from the interstices of the gravelly supralittoral of lake Tiberias. Some zoogeographical considerations are presented, based on the distribution of Nitocra in the Jordan Rift valley.

Brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Canary Islands (eastern Atlantic): checklist, zoogeographic considerations and conservation

Just 20 years have passed since Gonzalez (1995) finished one of his seminal works on decapod crustaceans of the Canary Islands, thanks to the help of the reputed carcinologists L.B. Holthuis and C.H.J.M. Fransen. This publication allowed d’Udekem d’Acoz (1999) to include the Canarian decapods in his inventory of the NE Atlantic. No checklists of decapod fauna specifically covering this area have been published since then, and an update is needed. The current list of Canarian brachyuran crabs comprises 132 species. Additional species have been recorded thanks to intensified research into deep water, natural range expansions from nearby areas, introduction by anthropogenic activities and description of new taxa; several of these changes are detailed in this review. Although the description of new brachyuran species is not expected to occur at a significant rate, an increase in the number of species from the Canaries is expected to result from trawling and dredging sampling, as well as from introduction of non-native species. For the first time, some zoogeographic comments on the Canarian brachyuran carcinofauna are made. Finally, crab species of commercial interest are listed, their current threats are identified and some updated conservation measures are proposed.

The millipede genus Plusioglyphiulus Silvestri, 1923 in Thailand (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae)

The basically southeast Asian genus Plusioglyphiulus is shown to currently comprise 27 species, all keyed, of which 13 are new, stemming from Thailand, and mapped: P. panhai sp. n., P. antiquior sp. n., P. sutchariti sp. n., P. likhitrakarni sp. n., P. pimvichaiae sp. n., P. erawan sp. n., P. wat sp. n., P. tham sp. n., P. phra sp. n., P. jaydee sp. n., P. puttakun sp. n., P. saksit sp. n. and P. samakkee sp. n. Although the new species have mainly been collected in caves, none seems to actually represent a troglobiont. A second record of P. ampullifer Golovatch, Geoffroy, Mauriès & VandenSpiegel, 2009 is provided in southern Vietnam, as well as new illustrations are presented for P. bessoni Golovatch, Geoffroy, Mauriès & VandenSpiegel, 2009, prepared from strictly topotypic samples in northern Thailand. With the discovery of P. panhai sp. n. and, especially, P. antiquior sp. n., both from southern Thailand, and both markedly transitional to the more northerly diversified javanicus-group of Glyphiulus, the genus Plusioglyphiulus is reconfirmed as being heterogeneous. Its diagnosis seems to be based now only on a single, rather weak apomorphy in posterior gonopod structure. Some evolutionary and zoogeographical considerations are presented to substantiate the predominantly eastward and/or southward speciation events in typical Plusioglyphiulus which have reached northern and eastern Borneo in the east and southeast.

A NEW ANTHAXIA FROM THE AEOLIAN ISLANDS (COLEOPTERA, BUPRESTIDAE)

<em>Anthaxia</em> (<em>Haplanthaxia</em>) <em>flaviae</em> n. sp. from the Aeolian Islands (Italy, Sicily) belonging to the <em>A</em>. (<em>H</em>.) <em>olympica</em> Kiesenwetter, 1880 species-group is described, illustrated and compared with <em>A</em>. (<em>H</em>.) <em>scutellaris</em> (Gené, 1839), the most closely related species. From this latter, the new species differs mainly for size and body shape, colour pattern of elytrae, shape of antennomera, margin of anterior tibiae and shape of aedeagus. Some zoogeographical considerations concerning the insular distribution of this endemic taxon are briefly discussed.

A taxonomic revision of the tarantula spider genus Coremiocnemis Simon 1892 (Araneae, Theraphosidae), with further notes on the Selenocosmiinae

The selenocosmiine genus Coremiocnemis Simon 1892 is revised for the first time with six new species included. Five new species are from West Malaysia: C. brachyramosa sp. nov. from Gunung Ledang, Johor; C. gnathospina sp. nov. and C. hoggi sp. nov. from Fraser’s Hill, Selangor; C. jeremyhuffi sp. nov. from Tapah, Perak, Fraser’s Hill, Selangor to Pahang and C. obscura sp. nov. from Taiping, Perak to Cameron Highlands, Pahang. C. kotacana sp. nov. is described from Aceh Teneggara, Sumatra, being the first record of this genus outside Malaysia or Australia. A lectotype and paralectotype are designated for C. cunicularia (Simon 1892). All but two of Abraham’s non-type C. valida Pocock 1895 (Abraham 1924) specimens held in both the NHM and RMBR are newly transferred to C. cunicularia. Abraham’s two remaining specimens are removed from Coremiocnemis. C. valida is redescribed, its former dubious locality is resolved. Zoogeographic considerations of all species are discussed and resolved. Ontogenetic variation within Coremiocnemis is discussed. Several new characters are introduced. Subfamilial relationships with proposed sister genera Selenocosmia Ausserer 1871 and Lyrognathus Pocock 1895 are discussed. A key to species is provided.

Glyphipterix hannemanni n. sp. - der erste Vertreter der Glyphipterigidae von den Philippinen. (Lepidoptera, Glyphipterigidae)

Glyphipterix hannemanni n. sp. is the first representative of the family Glyphipterigidae known from the Philippines. The species is described and figured in detail. The taxonomic position within the genus cannot be defined clearly. Near relatives are assumed to be among oriental species. The family is imperfectly known in in the region, which prevents any zoogeographical considerations.

ON THE LITHOBIUS SPECIES (CHILOPODA: LITHOBIOMORPHA) FROM ISRAEL AND ADJOINING AREAS

Specimens of Lithobiomorpha collected in Israel and adjoining areas (= Palestinian region) during 1990 and 1995 form the basis of some new taxonomic, faunistic, ecologic, and zoogeographic data concerning five species of the genus Lithobius: L.(L.) viriatus Sseliwanoff, 1878; L.(L.) carinatus L. Koch, 1862; L.(L.) erythrocephalus C. L. Koch, 1847 (ssp. cronebergii Sseliwanoff, 1881); L. (Porobius) parvicornis Porat, 1893; and L. (Ezembius) zeylanus (Chamberlin, 1952). Two new synonymies are established: L. ocellatus Verhoeff, 1925 is a junior synonym of L. parvicornis and L. tahirensis Matic, 1983 is a junior synonym of L.(E.) zeylanus. The species L.(E.) zeylanus is redescribed, based on material from Israel, and illustrated for the first time. Precise localities for the five species are also indicated for the first time. A key to the eight Lithobius species recorded to date in Israel is provided. Some zoogeographic considerations are presented.

New records of octocorals (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the south western Atlantic Ocean, with zoogeographic considerations

New records of octocorals (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the south western Atlantic Ocean, with zoogeographic considerations

New records of octocorals (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the south western Atlantic Ocean, with zoogeographic considerations

The present study deals with six new records of octocoral species (two alcyoniid soft corals and four primnoid gorgonians) for the south western Atlantic Ocean. These new records, mainly for the gorgonians, improves the knowledge of their present distribution. The species Thouarella koellikeri and Dasystenella acanthina have their known distribution widened, showing in the first case a continuous bioceanic distribution (south east Pacific south west Atlantic). The species of the genus Primnoella, P. biserialis and P. compressa, widen their distributional range tending to a geographical continuity along the south eastern coasts of the American continent, avoiding the zoogeographic barrier constituted by the R o de la Plata.

Altitudinal species turnover in southern Tanzania shown by anurans: Some zoogeographical considerations

A transect was used to investigate the pattern of altitudinal species turnover shown by the rich fauna of frogs and toads in southeastern Tanzania, and to compare the pattern with those shown by transects taken further south. The transect, taken from the Udzungwa range to the southeastern coast, was divided into 50 m intervals. As with the southern transects, there appears to be a major grouping into lowland and highland sets, with opposing and overlapping subtraction margins that form a replacement‐transition zone. A distributionally complex assemblage of species occurs in this zone. When a similarity value (the Dice‐Sørensen index, expressed as a percentage) taken between the montane ridge and lowland faunas was compared with those of the southern transects, a markedly higher species turnover (low similarity value) is shown in Tanzania. Both lowland and highland faunas have more species than equivalent faunas to the south; the highland fauna is particularly rich in genera not known to occur further south. Yet overall, the pattern of altitudinal turnover shown in the Tanzanian transect is in agreement with the pattern shown in the southern transects. The transects discussed in this paper, combined with other evidence, suggest a need for re‐evaluating the common practice of including all sub‐Saharan Africa in a single so‐called Afrotropical Region.

Distribution of benthic polychaetous annelids in the Adriatic Sea with zoogeographic consideration

Biogeographia vol. XXIV — 2003 (Printed October, 31st 2003) Marine biogeography of the Mediterranean Sea: patterns and dynamics of biodiversity Distribution of benthic polychaetous annelids in the Adriatic Sea with zoogeographic considerations GRAZIA CAN TONE Dipzzrzinzmto di Biologizz Animzzle qll/[zzrce/[0 La Greta ” Via Arzdrone 8], 1395124 Camnizz (Italy) e—mzzz'[: czziztogm @um'ct. it Key words: biodiversity, biogeography, Polycltaeta, Adriatic Sea, Mediterranean Sea. SUMMARY Purpose of this paper is to estimate the biodiversity oFtl1e benthic Polychaeta along the Adriatic Sea and to discuss their biogeographical distribution. It is shown that from this sea 580 species, belonging to 57 families, have been so far reported: 401 from the northern Adriatic, 373 from the Central Adriatic, 332 from the southern Adriatic. The dominant biogeogrziphical group is constituted by the Atlantic-Mediterranean species, but well represented are also the cosmopolitan and the endemic ones. T he same pattern is present in all the latitudinal sectors of Adriatic, with little differences in the frequencies of the various categories. INTRODUCTION Differently from the biogeography of terrestrial animals that is known long since, the studies on the distribution of marine fauna and the definition of zoogeographical areas for the marine species are still insufficient. In fact for long it has been a widespread belief, because of the continuity of the water, that marine organisms were cosmopolitan. Many famous polychaetologists, (Fauvel, 1923, 1927; Rullier, 1958; Day, 1967) had the same conviction. I-Iolthe, 1978, in his study on the zoogeography of the Terebellomorpha of the Northern European waters, showed that despite of the tendency towards widespread geographical distribution and eurybathy within this class of Annelids, Polychaeta can contribute to the understanding of marine zoogeography. Recently some scientists have been engaged in clarifying the problem of the wide distribution of this taxon that, according to Fauchald, 1984, might depend on its ancient origin, estimated going back to the Precambrian. The “cosmopolitan” species in many cases are complexes of species with different geographic distribution (\Williams, 1984; Hartley, 1984; Dauvin and Thiebaut, 1994) or “sibling” species

Mediterranean Pycnogonida: faunistic, taxonomical and zoogeographical considerations

Biogeographia vol. XXIV ~ 2003 (Printed October, 31st 2003) Marine biogeography of the Mediterranean Sea: patterns and dynamics of biodiversity Mediterranean Pycnogonida: faunistic, taxonomical and zoogeographical considerations CARLA CHIMENZ GUSSO*, LORETTA LATTANZI** *Dz;z7zm‘z'mem‘0 di Biologizz /lrzimtzle e a’e[[’U0m0, Uniz/er5z'tz‘z di Roma “Lrz Szzpimzzz”, Vle Uiziversitiz 32, I—O0]85, Roma (Italy) **I. CR./l./W, Vitl di CLl.ftZ[0lfi 300, 1'-00155, Roma (Italy). Keywords: Pycnogonida, Mediterranean Sea, taxonomy, biogeography. SUMMARY An up-to—date list of the Pycnogonida of the Mediterranean Sea is given. The total number of taxa registered is 56, some of which require a revision. Four species are to be considered as allochthonous: Ammat/Jen /Jilgem/mfi, Anopladarty/us ca/zfizrvzirzir, A. dzgiranzr, Pz'g7'og7‘omiz7z.r timrzzmzr. As regards zoogeographic composition, the highest percentage (35%) is displayed by Mediterranean Atlantic elements, the lowest by Indo—Pacific species (found only in the Eastern Basin); cosmopolitan and endemic elements have the same percentage (24% each); the proportion of endemic species is comparable to that of sessile or relatively non mobile organisms, such as Hydroida, Bryozoa and Echinodermata. INTRODUCTION According to Chimenz Gusso (2000), the Pycnogonida fauna of the Mediterranean Sea (including the Black Sea) comprises 54 species, about 5% of the World total (1100 species according to Muller, 1993) and 37% of the European total (146, according to the European Register of Marine Species). For the Italian coasts (including Nizza and Istria) Chimenz Gusso (2000) cited 44 species, almost 79% of the Mediterranean Sea total. The object of the pre- sent article is to provide un update on available knowledge for the whole Mediterranean basin, as a starting—point for a zoogeographic characterization. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sites, for which data have been collected on Pycnogonida fauna, are shown in Tab. 1. The symbols of the areas studied and the respective authors are as follows:

On Monstrilla Spinosa Park, 1967 (Copepoda, Monstrilloida) in the Eastern Pacific

[The monstrilloid copepod Monstrilla spinosa was only known from one cold temperate site in the Northwestern Pacific (Aleutian-Oregonian Province), and has not been directly observed since its original description in 1967. This species was found in Bahia de Todos Santos, Baja California, Mexico, a new locality for the species in the Pacific warm temperate zone (Californian Province). The specimens (three females) differ from the type material in total length, antennular relative length, and cuticular ornamentation. Zoogeographical considerations are made with the available data on the distribution of the species., The monstrilloid copepod Monstrilla spinosa was only known from one cold temperate site in the Northwestern Pacific (Aleutian-Oregonian Province), and has not been directly observed since its original description in 1967. This species was found in Bahia de Todos Santos, Baja California, Mexico, a new locality for the species in the Pacific warm temperate zone (Californian Province). The specimens (three females) differ from the type material in total length, antennular relative length, and cuticular ornamentation. Zoogeographical considerations are made with the available data on the distribution of the species.]

Aquatic habitats, life history observations, and zoogeographic considerations of the spotted frog (Rana pretiosa) in Tule Valley, Utah

Aquatic habitats, life history observations, and zoogeographic considerations of the spotted frog (Rana pretiosa) in Tule Valley, Utah

Variation in the preoperculomandibular canal of the johnny darter, Etheostoma nigrum, with associated zoogeographical considerations

A total of 1267 specimens (from 87 stations) of the johnny darter, Etheostoma nigrum, were studied to examine the geographic variation in the numbers of pores on the preoperculomandibular canal. The pore count is bimodal for the total sample. These modes correspond to distinct geographic regions. Fishes from northern Ontario (west and north of Lake Nipigon), Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan usually have 7 or fewer pores (mode = 6). Populations from northern Ontario (east and south of Lake Nipigon), southern Ontario, Quebec, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Maryland, Ohio, New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and the Lower Peninsula of Michigan have 8 or more pores (mode = 9). The differentiation between morphs predates their present distribution and the morphs probably occupied distinct geographic areas within the Mississippi refugium during the last glaciation. Etheostoma nigrum dispersed north, following two postglacial routes: (i) via the Mississippi River to Lake Agassiz (12 800 years BP) then eastward to the Hudson Bay and James Bay drainages via Lake Barlow–Ojibway (9500 years BP), and (ii) via a northeastern spread from the Great Lakes and Ohio River drainages to the St. Lawrence River and Ottawa River drainages (12 000 years BP).

Faunistic list of the calanoid copepods (Copepoda: Calanoida) of the Gulf of Mexico: Zoogeographic considerations

A list of 107 calanoid copepod species collected at 114 sampling stations visited during two oceanographic cruises carried out in the Gulf of Mexico is presented. The ecological and biogeographic affinities, bathymetric distribution and main previous reports in the Gulf of Mexico and adjacent zones are indicated for each species. Some general considerations are made in regard to the copepod fauna in the surveyed area.