NdxLu1−xVO4 (x=0, 0.005, 0.02, 0.023, 0.03 and 0.05) series crystals have been grown by the Czochralski method. The results of X-ray powder diffraction experiments show that these crystals belong to the zircon-type structure. The cutoff wavelength of LuVO4 is 330nm and the transmittance is about 80% in 540–3010nm. The functional relation of absorption coefficient α at 808nm on Nd3+-doped concentration Nd in units of atomic % is obtained to be α=7.649 Nd. The results of Judd–Ofelt analysis show that there is no obvious concentration quenching effect below 3at.% doped concentrations. The highest output power at 1.06μm is 1090mW for Nd0.02Lu0.98VO4 at the pumping power of 6.58W of a laser diode, the optical–optical conversion efficiency is 16.6% and slope efficiency is 19.4%.