A MICROLITHIC SITE was excavated at Xiqiaoshan, Nanhai County, Guangdong, in 1958, and two partial reports were published (Zhongshan University Survey Group 1959, Guangdong Provincial Museum 1959). However, the archaeologists did not reach the undisturbed cultural layer, and there were problems concerning the artifacts. Further investigation of the site was called for, particularly in regard to the chronology and cultural specifics. From May 1973 to April 1974, four excavations concentrating on its geological and archaeological aspects were carried out. These excavations not only reached the undisturbed cultural layer and revealed the distributional patterns of the artifacts, but also located quarry sites and stone-processing areas as well as yielding a group of Neolithic artifacts. These discoveries increase the importance of this site and contribute to our understanding of the Neolithic of southern China.