Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Research Articles

Facile construction of gefitinib-loaded zeolitic imidazolate framework nanocomposites for the treatment of different lung cancer cells.

Gefitinib (GET) is a revolutionary targeted treatment inhibiting the epidermal growth factor receptor's tyrosine kinase action by competitively inhibiting the ATP binding site. In preclinical trials, several lung cancer cell lines and xenografts have demonstrated potential activity with GET. Response rates neared 25% in preclinical trials for non-small cell lung cancer. Here, we describe the one-pot synthesis of GET@ZIF-8 nanocomposites (NCs) in pure water, encapsulating zeolitic imidazolate framework 8 (ZIF-8). This method developed NCs with consistent morphology and a loading efficiency of 9%, resulting in a loading capacity of 20wt%. Cell proliferation assay assessed the anticancer effect of GET@ZIF-8 NCs on A549 and H1299 cells. The different biochemical staining (Calcein-AM and PI and 4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole nuclear staining) assays assessed the cell death and morphological examination. Additionally, the mode of apoptosis was evaluated by mitochondrial membrane potential (∆ψm) and reactive oxygen species. Therefore, the study concludes that GET@ZIF-8 NCs are pledged to treat lung cancer cells.

Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8: a versatile nanoplatform for tissue regeneration.

Extensive research on zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) and its derivatives has highlighted their unique properties in nanomedicine. ZIF-8 exhibits advantages such as pH-responsive dissolution, easy surface functionalization, and efficient drug loading, making it an ideal nanosystem for intelligent drug delivery and phototherapy. These characteristics have sparked significant interest in its potential applications in tissue regeneration, particularly in bone, skin, and nerve regeneration. This review provides a comprehensive assessment of ZIF-8's feasibility in tissue engineering, encompassing material synthesis, performance testing, and the development of multifunctional nanosystems. Furthermore, the latest advancements in the field, as well as potential limitations and future prospects, are discussed. Overall, this review emphasizes the latest developments in ZIF-8 in tissue engineering and highlights the potential of its multifunctional nanoplatforms for effective complex tissue repair.

Interface Engineering of MOF-Derived Co3O4@CNT and CoS2@CNT Anodes with Long Cycle Life and High-Rate Properties in Lithium/Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Metal-organic framework materials can be converted into carbon-based nanoporous materials by pyrolysis, which have a wide range of applications in energy storage. Here, we design special interface engineering to combine the carbon skeleton and nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with the transition metal compounds (TMCs) well, which mitigates the bulk effect of the TMCs and improves the conductivity of the electrodes. Zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 is used as a precursor to form a carbon skeleton and a large number of nitrogen-doped CNTs by pyrolysis followed by the in situ formation of Co3O4 and CoS2, and finally, Co3O4@CNTs and CoS2@CNTs are synthesized. The obtained anode electrodes exhibit a long cycle life and high-rate properties. In lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), Co3O4@CNTs have a high capacity of 581 mAh g-1 at a high current of 5 A g-1, and their reversible capacity is still 1037.6 mAh g-1 after 200 cycles at 1 A g-1. In sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), CoS2@CNTs have a capacity of 859.9 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 and can be retained at 801.2 mAh g-1 after 50 cycles. The unique interface engineering and excellent electrochemical properties make them ideal anode materials for high-rate, long-life LIBs and SIBs.

Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) derived MoS2/Co3S4/NPC as the supercapacitor electrode material

Here in, we report the synthesis of a ZIF-67-based Molybdenum disulfide composite and analyze the structural and electrochemical properties of the material. A class of zeolitic imidazole framework ZIF-67 (Co) was first synthesized and annealed in a reducing (Ar/H2) environment. To form Co/NPC (Nano-porous Carbon). Then different masses of Co/NPC were added during the hydrothermal preparation of MoS2 to check the effect of Co/NPC while the amounts of Mo and S were kept constant. Three samples with different mass ratios CMS-1 (Mo1:Co/NPC0.5), CMS-2 (Mo1:Co/NPC1), CMS-3 (Mo1:Co/NPC2) were prepared. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of MoS2/Co3S4/NPC composite. Electrochemical measurement showed a high specific capacitance of 612F g−1 for the sample having equal mass ratio of Mo and Co/NPC i.e. CMS-2. The incorporation of Co/NPC significantly improved the electrochemical properties of MoS2. The material also showed a high cyclic stability of 88.59 % after 9000 cycles. Among the three samples, the Mo1:Co/NPC1 /CMS-2 showed the best performance hence proving to be the optimum ratio.

Preparation of Ni, Co doped hollow carbon nanocage from core-shell structure ZIF-8@ZIF-67 for nitrobenzene monitoring

Herein, we employed a Ni, Co duplex metal-doped hollow carbon nanocage derived from the core-shell Zeolite imidazole framework-8 (Zn)@Zeolite imidazole framework-67 (Co) (ZIF-8@ZIF-67) for the sensitive electrochemical detection of nitrobenzene (NB). The precursor was created by coating ZIF-67 on the surface of ZIF-8 through the epitaxial growth method, followed by Ni doping. Subsequent pyrolysis resulted in the formation of a Ni, Co duplex metal-doped hollow carbon nanocage. Characterization of the nanocomposite confirmed the unique hollow and porous structure of NiCo/C, maintaining a dodecahedral morphology with a uniform distribution of carbon and transition metal nanoparticles. The NiCo/C-modified electrode exhibits a wide linear dynamic range (0.05–11.22 μM and 11.22–230.06 μM), a lower limit of detection (0.14 μM), superior stability and selectivity for the detection of NB. Moreover, it shows appropriate practicality toward detecting NB in natural water samples.

Iron-involved zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 derived Co/Fe-NC as enhanced ORR catalyst in air–cathode microbial fuel cell

Microbial fuel cell (MFC), simultaneously degrading organic pollutants and harvesting electricity, suffers from a sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on cathode. The catalysts for Pt substitution are crucial to enhance the ORR performance and power output. Thus, a Co and Fe co-doped carbon derived from ZIF-67 (Co/Fe-NC) is prepared, which is proved to have excellent electrochemical properties. When the catalyst Co/Fe-NC is equipped in microbial fuel cell, the maximum power density of 1831 ± 57 mW m−2 is achieved, which is 13.5 % higher than that of Fe@Co-NC and 49.3 % higher than that of Co-NC. Moreover, the electrochemical tests show that Co/Fe-NC has a smaller charge transfer resistance and a higher exchange current density, which implies the faster kinetics of ORR. The enhanced performance of Co/Fe-NC can be attributed to the rougher rhombic dodecahedral interface, larger surface area, various types of nitrogen species, critical roles of cobalt and iron species, both high graphitization and defects. All these characteristics are responsible for the significant increase in ORR activity and power output. This work designs and compares different catalysts derived from iron-involved ZIF-67, and demonstrates a superior ORR electrocatalyst of Co/Fe-NC, which can be a potential alternative to Pt in the MFC practical application.

Metabolic Regulation-Mediated Reversion of the Tumor Immunosuppressive Microenvironment for Potentiating Cooperative Metabolic Therapy and Immunotherapy.

Tumor cells exhibit heightened glucose (Glu) consumption and increased lactic acid (LA) production, resulting in the formation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) that facilitates malignant proliferation and metastasis. In this study, we meticulously engineer an antitumor nanoplatform, denoted as ZLGCR, by incorporating glucose oxidase, LA oxidase, and CpG oligodeoxynucleotide into zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 that is camouflaged with a red blood cell membrane. Significantly, ZLGCR-mediated consumption of Glu and LA not only amplifies the effectiveness of metabolic therapy but also reverses the immunosuppressive TME, thereby enhancing the therapeutic outcomes of CpG-mediated antitumor immunotherapy. It is particularly important that the synergistic effect of metabolic therapy and immunotherapy is further augmented when combined with immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Consequently, this engineered antitumor nanoplatform will achieve a cooperative tumor-suppressive outcome through the modulation of metabolism and immune responses within the TME.

In situ conversion of ZnO anchored on porous carbon foams to antiflexible ZIF-8-X (X = Co or NH2) for sieving linear and mono-branched hexane isomers

Efficient separation of linear hexane from their isomers is a vital petrochemical process to produce high-quality gasoline. Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8 (ZIF-8), one of the most famous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), is a promising separation material due to its special pore size (3.4 Å), whereas the flexible framework limited its separation ability, showing unsatisfied trade-off between adsorption capacity and separation selectivity. Here, we propose a novel strategy of post metal-oxide modification (PMOM) to suppress ZIF-8 flexibility by in situ growth on rigid layer of porous carbon foam (PCF) based the intermediation of anchored ZnO nanoparticles directly obtained from the pyrolysis of sucrose and zinc nitrate mixture. Afterwards, synergistic flexible suppression technology (SFST) was adopted to design antiflexible PCF/ZIFs with mixed-metal and mixed-ligand, including bi-metal PCF/ZIF-8-Co and di-ligand PCF/ZIF-8-NH2. Therein, the tight interfaces generated with benzene-ring inhabited the swinging of linkers and hindered 3-MP entry into the pore channels, showing both remarkable nHex adsorption capacity (q = 2.26 mmol·g−1) and nHex/3-MP selectivity (Su = 9.42). Moreover, bi-component adsorption experiments confirm the practical separation performance and cycling stability, showing promising application in adsorptive separation processes.

Optimization of the Synthesis and Radiolabeling of ZIF-8 Nanoparticles

Background: Lately, there has been increasing interest in the benefits of metal-organic frameworks, and among them, zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF - 8) stand out as one of the most commonly employed systems owing to their unique characteristics. Objectives: Given that properties like particle size play a key role in biomedical applications of nanoparticles, optimizing the synthesis conditions becomes crucial. Additionally, it is essential to label these nanoparticles to track them effectively within the body. Methods: Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks nanoparticles were synthesized under various conditions, including high and room temperature, using two different solvents: Water and methanol. Modifications were made to the reaction temperature and the ratio of reactants to improve the outcomes. Particle size and size distribution were assessed in all conditions. Additionally, the radiolabeling of nanoparticles was examined using four different methods to identify the method with the highest efficiency and radiochemical purity. Results: The optimum conditions for ZIF-8 synthesis were determined at 50°C using methanol as the solvent. A reactant weight ratio of 1 : 2 (zinc nitrate to 2 - methylimidazole) was utilized. The most effective radiolabeling approach involved using tin chloride as a reducing agent, with the reaction mixture maintained at a temperature of 70°C for 30 minutes. Conclusions: In this study, the optimum conditions were successfully identified for synthesizing and labeling ZIF-8 nanoparticles. These nanoparticles have the potential to serve as effective carriers for diagnostic and therapeutic agents.

ZIF-67 MOF-Derived Mn3O4 @ N-Doped C as a Supercapacitor Electrode in Different Alkaline Media.

Transition-metal oxide has been identified as an auspicious material for supercapacitors due to its exceptional capacity. The inadequate electrochemical characteristics, such as prolonged cycle stability, can be ascribed to factors, such as low electrical conductivity, sluggish reaction kinetics, and a deficiency of active sites. The transition-metal oxides derived from the MOF materials offer a larger surface area with enriched active sites and a faster reaction rate along with good electrical conductivity. The manganese (Mn)-based metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived materials were produced using the pyrolysis method. Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-67) were fabricated in water at ambient temperature with the aid of triethylamine. Multiple techniques were used to examine the characteristics of the fabricated electrode materials. The influence of the electrolyte on the electrochemical activity of the Mn3O4@N-doped C electrode materials was determined in KOH, NaOH, and LiOH. For manufacturing of "Mn3O4@N-doped C", ZIF-67 was used as a precursor. The capacitive performance of the Mn3O4@N-doped C electrode increased as a result of nitrogen-doped carbon; after 5000th cycles, the electrode retained an excellent rate capability and a high specific capacitance (Cs) of 980 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 under 2.0 KOH electrolyte in a three electrode system. The carbonized manganese oxide displays also had a high Cs of 686 F g-1 in two electrode systems in 2.0 M KOH. Materials made from MOFs show promise as capacitive materials for applications in energy conversion storage owing to their straightforward synthesis and strong electrochemical performance.

Hierarchical porous N-doped carbon fibers enable ultrafast electron and ion transport for Zn-ion storage at high mass loadings

Zinc-ion capacitors (ZICs) are a promising and safe energy storage system for portable electronics but usually limited by relatively low areal capacity and energy density. Although increasing the mass loading has been suggested, thick electrode layers and clogged pores unavoidably lead to sluggish electron transport and ion diffusion as well as “dead volume” of active materials. Herein, a millimeter-scale 3D thick-network electrode, composed of closely intertwined hierarchical porous N-doped and free-standing carbon nanofibers (HPNCFs), was fabricated via carbonization of nanoscale zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) particles embedded in electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers. With fast electron/ion transport, large ion-accessible surface area and high utilization rate of active materials, the mass loading of the HPNCFs electrode can reach 48.67 mg cm−2 with a thickness of 4.46 mm. Moreover, the HPNCFs-based ZICs can yield a superior areal/gravimetric capacity of 4.13 F cm−2 /280 F g−1, superior rate capability up to 193.7 F g−1 even at 100 A g−1, high energy density of 99.6 Wh kg−1, and long-term stability for 40,000 cycles. The straightforward approach can provide an opportunity to prepare efficient thick electrodes that could be applied in electrocatalysis, energy storage/conversion, and other electrochemical energy-related techniques.

The metal anti-corrosion performance of light cured epoxy resin modified by zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-8) with a core of polyaniline

In this paper, polyaniline (PANI) material was prepared by in-situ polymerization and mixed with zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-8) to prepare PANI/ZIF-8 by surface modification. The light cured epoxy resin (RJ313) was modified by PANI/ZIF-8, and the PANI/ZIF-8/RJ313 anticorrosive coating was prepared. The chemical cross-linking of ZIF-8 with the epoxy resin can improve the cross-linking density and barrier property of the epoxy coating, thus improving the corrosion resistance of the coating. The encapsulation of PANI in ZIF-8 not only maintains the corrosion resistance of PANI, but also strengthens the dispersion of PANI under the action of ZIF-8 and improves the mechanical strength of the coating. A series of tests, such as the polarization test and electrochemical impedance test, proved that PANI/ZIF-8/RJ313 coating strongly affects 304SS acid corrosion resistance compared with RJ313, ZIF-8/RJ313 and PANI/RJ313. In 0.5 mol L−1 sulfuric acid solution, the corrosion current Icorr of this coating attached to 304SS was as low as 0.0308 μA·cm−2, and the impedance value can reach 37971.00 Ω·cm2. This provides a new idea for improving the dispersibility and corrosion resistance of other anti-corrosion materials.

Investigation of the effect of permeation and antifouling characteristics of hybrid poly(vinylidene fluoride) membranes tailored with ZIF‐67 metal–organic frameworks

AbstractHerein the ZIF‐67, a hydrophilic cobalt‐based zeolitic imidazolate framework is synthesized and incorporated with a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) to fabricate hybrid ultrafiltration membranes by phase inversion method. The characteristics of PVDF/ZIF‐67 membranes are examined using different analytical techniques such as Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope, and contact angle analysis. The membrane performance is probed using pure water flux (PWF), bovine serum albumin (BSA), and humic acid (HA) rejection. The maximum water flux of 162.5 Lm2 h−1 with BSA and HA rejection of 97% and 98.2%, respectively, exhibited by 1.5 wt% ZIF‐67. The contact angle value is reduced from 83.5 to 58.6° indicating the increase in hydrophilic nature of PVDF membranes by the addition of ZIF‐67. The presence of ZIF‐67 in the PVDF membrane matrix showed outstanding anti‐bacterial properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Overall, the PVDF/ZIF‐67 ultrafiltration membranes demonstrate the potential for water treatment applications.

Embedded ZnO nanorod in ZIF-8 as a high-efficiency core–shell structural electrocatalyst for subnanomole level sensing of diethylstilbestrol

In view of the core–shell nanocomposites can complement the functions of the core and shell components, we here demonstrate a facile self-template strategy for synthesizing a one-dimensional rod-like hierarchical ZnO@ZIF-8 core–shell structure composed of a stabilized core and an active shell. The ZnO nanorods not only served as the template, but also as source of Zn ions for the in situ formation of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) crystal shell, and the well-stabilized ZnO core preserved its own nature during the growth of the ZIF-8 shell. Furthermore, a sensing platform using ZnO@ZIF-8 as electrocatalyst was developed, which demonstrated salient electrocatalytic activity for diethylstilbestrol (DES) oxidation. The concentration of DES was directly proportional to its anodic peak current in the range of 2 nmol/L to 2 µmol/L, and ultralow detection limit of 0.73 nmol/L ( S/ N = 3) was achieved. The proposed method also gave excellent selectivity, reproducibility, and stability, showing promising analytical performance for the measurement of DES in food samples of animal origin.

Fabrication of folic acid-embedded aminated drug encapsulated zeolitic imidazolate framework as promising drug delivery system for lung cancer

Fabrication of folic acid-embedded aminated drug encapsulated zeolitic imidazolate framework as promising drug delivery system for lung cancer

Synthesis of a hybrid nanocomposite: Incorporating MoS2 within a ZIF-8 for fluorescence-based detection and adsorption of tetracyclines antibiotics

Molybdenum disulfide quantum dots (MoS2 QDs), a transition-metal disulfide nanomaterial, have aroused an increasing attentions in the last 20 years. Zeolitic imidazolate framework 8 (ZIF-8), a kind of metal-organic frameworks (MOF), have been widely used for pollutant disposal, drug delivery, etc. Due to its well porousness and biocompatibility. We developed a novel course for the synthesis of MoS2 QDs under atmospheric pressure. Ammonium persulfate were introduced into the sodium molybdate and glutathione (GSH) solutions, and blue fluorescent MoS2 QDs can be obtained after heating at 60 °Cfor 2 h. The MoS2 QDs exhibited a redshift of fluorescence emission peak from 440 to 570 nm as excitation wavelength changed from 360 to 460 nm. Furthermore, MoS2 QDs were further encapsulated in ZIF-8, and the prepared nanohybrids (named as MoS2@MOF) were successfully applied into the fluorescence detection antibiotics including tetracycline (TC), oxytetracycline (OTC) and chlorotetracycline (CTC) based on different fluorescent response mode. Moreover, MoS2@MOF exhibited excellent adsorption performance for TC, OTC and CTC. The maximum adsorption capacity for TC, OTC or CTC after 300 min incubation of MoS2@MOF can reach 163, 154 or 197 mg g−1.

Rational design for enhancing sensitivity and robustness of a probe via encapsulation of carbon dots into a zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 for quantification of tetracycline in milk with greenness evaluation

Rational design for enhancing sensitivity and robustness of a probe via encapsulation of carbon dots into a zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 for quantification of tetracycline in milk with greenness evaluation

Multifunctional fucoidan-loaded Zn-MOF-encapsulated microneedles for MRSA-infected wound healing

Infected wound healing remains a challenging task in clinical practice due to several factors: (I) drug-resistant infections caused by various pathogens, (II) persistent inflammation that hinders tissue regeneration and (III) the ability of pathogens to persist intracellularly and evade antibiotic treatment. Microneedle patches (MNs), recognized for their effecacious and painless subcutaneous drug delivery, could greatly enhance wound healing if integrated with antibacterial functionality and tissue regenerative potential. A multifunctional agent with subcellular targeting capability and contained novel antibacterial components, upon loading onto MNs, could yield excellent therapeutic effects on wound infections. In this study, we sythesised a zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 nanoparticles (ZIF-8 NPs) loaded with low molecular weight fucoidan (Fu) and further coating by hyaluronic acid (HA), obtained a multifunctional HAZ@Fu NPs, which could hinders Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) growth and promotes M2 polarization in macrophages. We mixed HAZ@Fu NPs with photocrosslinked gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) and loaded it into the tips of the MNs (HAZ@Fu MNs), administered to mice model with MRSA-infected full-thickness cutaneous wounds. MNs are able to penetrate the skin barrier, delivering HAZ@Fu NPs into the dermal layer. Since cells within infected tissues extensively express the HA receptor CD44, we also confirmed the HA endows the nanoparticles with the ability to target MRSA in subcellular level. In vitro and in vivo murine studies have demonstrated that MNs are capable of delivering HAZ@Fu NPs deep into the dermal layers. And facilitated by the HA coating, HAZ@Fu NPs could target MRSA surviving at the subcellular level. The effective components, such as zinc ions, Fu, and hyaluronic acid could sustainably released, which contributes to antibacterial activity, mitigates inflammation, promotes epithelial regeneration and fosters neovascularization. Through the RNA sequencing of macrophages post co-culture with HAZ@Fu, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis reveals that the biological functionalities associated with wound healing could potentially be facilitated through the PI3K-Akt pathway. The results indicate that the synergistic application of HAZ@Fu NPs with biodegradable MNs may serve as a significant adjunct in the treatment of infected wounds. The intricate mechanisms driving its biological effects merit further investigation.

Structural Dynamics at Individual Pores of Bimetallic Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 under Different Gas Pressures

Structural Dynamics at Individual Pores of Bimetallic Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 under Different Gas Pressures

Ultra-sensitive fluorescent biosensor for multiple bacteria detection based on CDs/QDs@ZIF-8 and microfluidic fluidized bed.

An ultra-sensitive fluorescent biosensor based on CDs/QDs@ZIF-8 and microfluidic fluidized bed was developed for rapid and ultra-sensitive detection of multiple target bacteria. The zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-8) act as the carrier to encapsulate three kinds of fluorescence signal molecules from the CDs/QDs@ZIF-8 signal amplification system. Besides, three kinds of target pathogenic bacteria were automatically, continuously, and circularly captured by the magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in the microfluidic fluidized bed. The neutral Na2EDTA solution was the first time reported to not only dissolve the ZIF-8 frameworks from the MNPs-bacteria-CDs/QDs@ZIF-8 sandwich complexes, but also release the CDs/QDs from sandwich complexes with no loss of fluorescence signal. Due to the advantages of signal amplification and automated sample pretreatment, the proposed fluorescent biosensor can simultaneously detect Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella paratyphi A, and Salmonella paratyphi B as low as 101CFU/mL within 1.5h, respectively. The mean recovery in spiked milk samples can reach 99.18%, verifying the applicability of this biosensor in detecting multiple bacteria in real samples.