Zanjan Province In Iran Research Articles

Gastrointestinal parasites of dogs and foxes in the Zanjan province of Iran: With an emphasis on Echinococcus species

Canids harbor many zoonotic parasites and play an important role in the spread of parasites in the human environment. Estimation of parasitic infection among canids as definitive hosts may help competent authorities design efficient control programs. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in dogs and foxes with an emphasis on Echinococcus spp. A total of 500 fecal samples of dogs and 30 fecal samples of foxes were studied in the summer, autumn, and winter of 2021 in the Zanjan province using the formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique, followed by multiplex PCR. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasite infection was estimated to be 19.05%. The prevalence was 24.8%, 10.2%, and 26.7% in stray, shelter dogs and foxes, respectively. No parasites were found among pet and guard dog samples. PCR results on Taenidae eggs showed that 2.4% of samples were positive for Echinococcus granulosus and none contained E. multilocularis. Noteworthy is that E. granulosus was identified only in stray dog samples. The higher prevalence of E. granulosus infection in stray dogs in this province emphasizes the importance of monitoring the food sources consumed by these animals.

Identification of endophytic fungi of grapevine with emphasis on the causal agents of grapevine trunk disease in the vineyards of Zanjan Province in Iran

AbstractTrunk disease is a major problem on grapevine in Zanjan province, causing serious decline, despite which its aetiology remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate factors involved in grapevine decline in vineyards of Zanjan province. Samples were collected from twigs and branches of grapevines in the region between October and November 2018. Fungal isolates were identified based on morphological characteristics and ITS‐rDNA sequence data for selected isolates. The frequency and diversity of the fungal community recovered from grapevines in Darreh Sejin in Zanjan province were higher than in other regions. A total of 112 fungal isolates comprising 22 species were recovered. Phaeoacremonium minimum, Microsphaeropsis olivacea and Kalmusia variispora were identified as the dominant species in the region examined and could be considered the main trunk pathogens of grapevines in Zanjan region. In inoculation tests, M. olivacea was proved to be pathogenic on grapevine for the first time in this study.

Estimation of heavy metal concentrations (Cd and Pb) in plant leaves using optimal spectral indicators and artificial neural networks.

The necessity of continuously monitoring the agricultural products in terms of their health has enforced the development of rapid, low-cost, and non-destructive monitoring solutions. Heavy metal contamination of the plants is known as a source of health threats that are made by their proximities with pollutant soil, water, and air. In this paper, a method was proposed to measure lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) contamination of plant leaves through field spectrometry as a low-cost solution for continuous monitoring. The study area was Mahneshan county of Zanjan province in Iran with rich heavy metal mines that have more potential for plant contamination. At first, we collected different plant samples throughout the study area and measured the Pb and Cd concentrations using ICP-AES, in which we observed that the concentrations of Pb and Cd are in the range of 1.4 ~ 282.6 and 0.3 ~ 66.7 μgg-1, respectively, and then we tried to find the optimum estimator model through a multi-objective version of genetic algorithm (GA) optimization that finds simultaneously the structure of an artificial neural network and its input features. The features extracted from the raw spectrums have been collimated to be compatible with the Sentinel-2 multispectral bands for the possibility of further developments. The results demonstrate the efficiency of the optimum estimator model in estimation of the leaves' Pb and Cd contamination, irrespective of the plant type, which has reached the R2 of 0.99 and 0.85 for Pb and Cd, respectively. Additionally, the results suggested that the 783-, 842-, and 865-nm spectral bands, which are similar to the 7, 8, and 8a sentinel-2 spectral bands, are more efficient for this purpose.

Positive association of -420C > G single nucleotide polymorphism in resistin gene promoter with insulin resistance indices in diabetic type 2 patients

IntroductionResistin is considered as an important adipocytokine that may have an association with obesity and insulin resistance. The association of resistin gene polymorphism with type 2 diabetes has been proved. In this study, we aim to investigate the association between polymorphism (rs1862513 RETN) of the promoter resistin gene and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in Zanjan province of Iran. Methods and materialsOne hundred seventy five patients with type 2 diabetes and 175 non-diabetic individuals were participated in this case-control study. The DNA was extracted from the whole blood. Genotyping was performed using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP)-PCR method technique for all individuals. The relationship between genotypes, clinical and biochemical variables such as age, fasting blood sugar and blood pressure (BP) were evaluated by automatic enzymatic method. ResultsThe current study showed that the genotype distribution of resistin gene promoter variant was different between diabetic and nondiabetic groups. The frequency of GG genotype in diabetes patients and non-diabetic subjects was 17.1% and 9.7%, respectively which considered this genotype as significant (OR = 2.168, CI = 1.106–4.252 and P = 0.024). The present study showed this polymorphism may contribute to diabetes susceptibility. ConclusionMultivariate Logistic regression models by considering confounding showed that variables such as high-density lipoprotein, Body mass index (BMI), sex and age has greater predictive validity than GG genotype. In addition, more studies with greater sample sizes is required to confirm our results.

Influential factors of general anxiety disorder among Iranian pregnant women during the second peak of COVID-19 pandemic

ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to determine the rate and related factors of prenatal general anxiety disorder in the second peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 2336 pregnant women who referred to health centers of Zanjan province in Iran from June to September 2020. The samples were selected using a multi-stage sampling method. Data were collected by telephone using a General Anxiety Disorder questionnaire (GAD) and analyzed with descriptive statistics and the logistic regression model at a 95% confidence level. Results show that, during the pandemic of COVID-19 more than 78% of Iranian pregnant women had severe anxiety. The odds of having general anxiety disorder in urban residency was 1.80 times more than the rural residence and getting information about preventive and self-care guidelines of COVID-19 were 1.24 times more than the other information (P < 0.05). Our findings show a higher level of anxiety disorder in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic, and also the place of residence and type of information received about COVID-19 are the main predictors of anxiety level. Therefore, the continuous monitoring of pregnant women for evaluating anxiety disorder during the outbreaks is recommended as a routine schedule.

Distribution of CCR5 Δ32 HIV-1 resistance allele frequency at Zanjan province in Iran

Introduction: The CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is known as the main co-receptor in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Accumulating evidence verified 32bp deletion in both alleles of CCR5 provides natural resistance to HIV infection. Accordingly, recent therapeutic approaches are based on gene and cell therapies by inducing this resistance. Allogeneic transplantation of stem cells with CCR5Δ32 homozygous to HIV infected people has been considered as an efficient strategy. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine CCR5 Δ32 mutation frequency in healthy and HIV-infected individuals in Zanjan province, in Iran and also detecting appropriate candidate for future therapeutic approaches. Patients and Methods: In this study, blood samples were collected from 102 HIV infected patients and 204 healthy controls in ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) pre-coated tubes. DNA extraction was performed and analyzed for CCR5Δ32 mutation by GAP-PCR in both groups and followed by 2% gel agarose electrophoresis. The Δ32 genotype frequency was statistically determined. Results: Our finding demonstrated that 3 HIV infected patients displayed CCR5 mutation, while 204 healthy controls showed one CCR5 Δ32/Δ32 homozygote mutation. We observed that Δ32 mutation frequency is 0.82% in Zanjan province (χ2 =47.58, P&lt;0.001). Conclusion: Reduction in CCR5 mutation frequency as well as the other polymorphisms related to HIV resistance, can lead to the development of HIV infection epidemiology. Migration, natural selection and genetic admixture can elucidate various distribution of Δ32 allele frequency in different populations, like as north Europeans that reduce gradually to south. The result of this study can facilitate the presentation of suitable Δ32 donors to HIV infected patients in therapeutic approaches.

Effect of different treatments on electrokinetic remediation of Zn, Pb and Cd from a contaminated calcareous soil

Electrokinetic remediation is a promising method to decontamination of the heavy metals from soils. In this paper, the remediation of a contaminated calcareous soil with Zn, Cd and Pb sampled from around Zanjan province of Iran, was investigated using electrokinetic method. In this paper, the soil contain a high concentration of Zn (1400 mg·kg−1), Cd (15 mg·kg−1) and Pb (250 mg·kg−1). Electrokinetic decontamination consists of two series of experiments as follows: (1) the effect of five treatments including the use of distilled water, acetic acid and EDTA electrolyte solutions, and approaching anodes systems, and the circulation flow of electrolyte at two different voltage gradient (i.e. 1.33 and 2.66 V·cm−1), and (2) the effect of moisture content (saturated, FC and 0.7FC, FC indicated soil moisture at “Field Capacity”) with a voltage gradient of 1.33 V·cm−1. After applying electric current for 5 days, the results of experiments indicated that the removal efficiency of heavy metals can be increased by raising the voltage gradient. In this matter, the highest remediation can be observed among different treatments in EDTA (Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid) treatment (40.11%, 43.10% and 24.7% for Zn, Cd and Pb, respectively). Moreover, the heavy metals removal at the saturated moisture was at the highest level so that 32.62% cadmium, 31.33% zinc and 18.82% lead being removed after 120 h of electric current application. By decreasing moisture to 0.7FC, the removal percentage for the three heavy metals obtained 20.97%, 18.44% and 12.25%, respectively. Furthermore, Cd had the highest removal, and Zn and Pb were next among the three heavy metals in question.

The Effect of Transformational Leadership Style and Organizational Innovation on Improving Environmental Performance of Environmental Polluters Companies Case Study: Lead Producer Companies in Zanjan Province

The need for an appropriate leadership style that can regulate and improve the organization's culture to improving environmental performance is vital to the success of the organization. New developments in leadership theories have moved from charismatic leadership theories to neo-charismatic and transformational leadership theories. This study was carried out aimed to investigate the effect of transformational leadership style and organizational innovation on improving environmental performance of environmental polluters companies Zanjan Province in Iran. The research method was descriptive survey. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire. The statistical population of this study was 5 Lead producer company in Zanjan. The questionnaires were distributed randomly among 317 persons of statistical samples. The conceptual model of the research was fitted using the structural equation model in PLS software. Research findings have shown that transformational leadership and organizational innovation has an impact on improving environmental performance.

Understanding farmers’ ecological conservation behavior regarding the use of integrated pest management- an application of the technology acceptance model

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is considered as an ecological conservation technology for crop pests’ management; however, the technology adoption is intensely affected by surrounding socio-psychological environment, which is poorly studied, particularly in developing nations. The present study therefore aimed at addressing this gap through application of an extended form of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in order to examine the determinants of Iranian farmers’ ecological conservation behavior regarding the use of IPM practices. This research was a descriptive, causal, and correlational study conducted through a cross-sectional survey of 327 tomato growers in Zanjan Province of Iran. The results disclosed that the growers utilize various IPM practices (cultural, mechanical, chemical, and biological); nevertheless, the majority of growers were grouped in relatively low or low level of IPM practices’ usage. The key propositions of the original TAM, i.e., attitude, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use, explained 41.3% of the variance in the farmers’ ecological conservation behavior regarding IPM practices’ application. Moreover, the extended TAM was appropriate for the prediction of effective factors of farmers’ ecological conservation behavior concerning the use of IPM practices. Also, adding the four constructs of social influence, result demonstrability, compatibility, and self-efficacy, significantly enhanced the stability and explanatory power of the original TAM (from 41.3% to 46.4%). In the extended TAM, result demonstrability (β = 0.182) and compatibility (β = 0.360) had significant positive impacts on perceived usefulness; while, self-efficacy had a meaningful positive effect on perceived ease of use (β = 0.776), and had not any impact on perceived usefulness (β = 0.114). The findings of this study expanded the current body of knowledge on technology acceptance via the investigation of TAM in a novel ecological conservation technology field (i.e., the IPM technology) and provided a roadmap for better understanding of decisive factors affecting farmers’ ecological conservation behavior as well as post-implementation interventions aiming at IPM technology promotion in developing countries.

Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in Zanjan Province of Iran.

Background:The prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) varies in different geographical regions and has dramatically increased in Iran. Revealing the high prevalence rate draws the attention of policymakers and helps them allocate necessary resources. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of MS in Zanjan province of Iran.Methods:We included all registered residents of Zanjan province with MS on the prevalence day (July 31, 2019). All cases met the McDonald criteria. All registered cases in Zanjan MS society were identified as index cases. Data regarding patient's national code, gender, age, age at the first symptom onset, city of residence, marital status, education level, occupation, ethnicity, family history of MS and the time span between symptom's onset and disease diagnosis were recorded.Results:We identified 758 patients, 551 of whom (72.7%) were female. The mean age at the first symptom onset was 28.9 ±8.7 years old. The crude prevalence was 71.6 per 100,000 population (95% CI 66.6–76.9). The disease was most prevalent in Zanjan city (100.5 per 100,000). The gender-specific prevalence per 100,000 population was 105.4 for women (95% CI: 96.8–114.6) and 38.7 for men (95% CI: 33.6–44.1), with female to male ratio of 2.6. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was calculated as expected/observed for both men and women as 2.3 (207/88.2) (551/234.1).Conclusions:Our data confirm that the MS prevalence rate is high in Zanjan province of Iran.

The effect of different sampling schemes on estimation precision of snow water equivalent (SWE) using geostatistics techniques in a semi-arid region of Iran

The aim of this study is to compare the effect of two sampling patterns: systematic sampling and Latin hypercube sampling (LHS), on estimation precision of snow water equivalent (SWE), and also comparing different geostatistics methods of kriging, cokriging and radial basin functions for mapping SWE. To achieve the study purpose, the semi-arid mountainous watershed of Sohrevard in Zanjan Province of Iran was selected. Snow depth in 150 points with systematic sampling and 150 points with LHS sampling and snow density in 18 points were randomly measured. In addition, SWE was calculated in the study area, and its map was derived based on both the sampling methods using geostatistical techniques. The results showed that the accuracy of the SWE map using LHS was higher than systematic sampling. According to the most statistical indicators, in both methods of sampling, accuracy of mapping using regular spline was better than other methods.

Instrumentation Readings versus Numerical Analysis of Taham Dam

Dam construction is one of the challenges among large-scale projects of a country. Among different types of dams, due to special features, earth dams are the most kind of dams that were constructed in Iran in the past three decades. Features such as efficiency and stability of earth dams have an important effect on their operation and prevent them to be damaged. Taham dam is clay core dam which is constructed in Zanjan province in Iran. After dam impoundment, the stresses and distribution of pore water pressure of the Taham earth dam were investigated and measured by using the instrumentation installed in dam body. Measured values then compared with the obtained results by numerical analysis of the Dam. For numerical analysis PLAXIS code has been used. This comparison showed that the pore water pressures in the dam is similar with the results of numerical analysis, but the stresses in the dam are lower than results of numerical analysis in most areas of dam.

Prevalence, genotyping, serotyping, and antibiotic resistance of isolated Salmonella strains from industrial and local eggs in Iran

AbstractThis present study aimed to evaluate prevalence and characterization of serotypes, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and genotypic profiles of Salmonella isolates in industrial and local eggs from Zanjan province of Iran. A total of 120 egg samples were collected and processed according to bacteriological analytical manual to isolate Salmonella strains from both eggs surface and contents. PCR method and genotyping were used to verify, identification and classification of isolates by screening invA genes and 16 s‐rRNA gene sequencing. Salmonella contamination rate in eggshell and contents of industrial and local eggs were 0% and 1.66%, respectively. High degree of AMR was observed to nalidixic acid and erythromycin. Gene sequencing for each isolates showed more similarity with Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium strains.Practical applicationsSalmonella contamination in eggs and the role of healthy chickens as reservoir and distributer of Salmonella in poultry farms can be a common food safety concern for public health. Therefore, Continuous monitoring of presence Salmonella and their antimicrobial resistance is of critical importance. Present study gives an insight of the current statues of egg's contamination with Salmonella isolates, their antimicrobial resistance, genotupic profile, and epidemiological relationship in Iran.

Iranian agriculture advisors' perception and intention toward biofuel: Green way toward energy security, rural development and climate change mitigation

Agricultural professionals play an important role in informing and educating farmers about biofuel through teaching or extension work. One of the questions commonly asked is if they are knowledgeable and possess positive attitude towards renewable energy sources. The aim of this article is to investigate Agricultural professionals' attitude and willingness towards biofuel using a random sample of professionals (n = 180) in a survey conducted in Zanjan province in Iran. Structural equation modeling showed that “Outcome efficacy”, “problem perception” and “perceived benefits” can significantly predict just about 38% variance of Agricultural professionals' personal norm. In turn, personal norm can predict 35% variance of Agricultural professionals' willingness. The findings yield public policy recommendations for stimulating biofuel extension and deployment among Agricultural professionals.

Designing a whole-farm revenue insurance for agricultural crops in Zanjan province of Iran

&lt;p&gt;The purpose of this article is to design and empirically evaluate the Whole Farm Insurance (WFI) over the conventional insurance programs in Zanjan province of Iran. Historical farm-level and county-level data were used to estimate yield and price density functions. Both parametric and non-parametric methods were applied for predicting the future values and the PQH simulation method was utilized to calculate premium rates. Results revealed that loss ratios of the WFI are lower for farmers who insured more than one crop. Additionally, utilizing WFI reduces premiums. Moreover, premiums obtained from nonparametric method are relatively lower compared to the parametric approachy.&lt;/p&gt;

Evaluation of Estrogen level in Oral Contraceptive Pills used by the women with cerebral venous- sinus thrombosis

Introduction: Muslim women are not allowed to perform religious ceremonies in menstrual period. Some of them use oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) to delay menstruation, which can lead to cerebral venous - sinus thrombosis (CVST). Therefore, the incidence of CVST is significantly higher in Iranian women. Thrombosis incidence is directly related to estrogen level of OCPs. In this study, the estrogen level of OPCs was evaluated in a group of female CVST patients.Methods: This study was conducted from 2010 to 2011, including two consecutive months of Ramadan in Zanjan Province of Iran. The remaining tablets of patients with CVST and OCP consumption history were analyzed by HPLC method.Results: Of 32 female CVST patients, 27 patients had a history of OCPs consumption. 24 cases of them consumed LD. Analysis of LD tablets revealed normal level of estrogen except for one case.Conclusion: Using contraceptive products among Muslim women in incorrect manner to delay menstruation should be considered by healthcare system. It is recommended to decrease amount of estrogen in OCPs till their contraceptive effect is unaffected.

Laboratory investigation of steam transmission in unsaturated clayey soil under osmotic potential

Liquids coming from different sources like wastewaters, agricultural and industrial activities and leakages of chemical substances often have high concentration of chemical compositions and the osmotic gradient generated around such sources causes a considerable transmission of the Contamination. The steam transmitted by non-polluted soils moves to polluted masses, causing an increase in the volume of pollution zone and movement of pollutants. Therefore, such physical and chemical processes should be taken into account in pollution transmission models. Using Crumb method, laboratory investigations were conducted on non-dispersive and dispersive clayey soil samples obtained from three areas in Zanjan Province of Iran. A simple experimental setup has been used and hereby introduced. The impact of osmotic force from salinities of 0.5, 1, and 1.5% on steam transmission in clayey soil was examined. Results indicate that for all samples between 5 to 15days, the moisture content increased in the pollutant zone and decreased in the non-pollutant area. Also it was observed that for dispersive clayey soil, movement of steam among layers was observed to be orderly and its amount was higher than that of non-dispersive clayey soil.

Site-specific management of common olive: Remote sensing, geospatial, and advanced image processing applications

Site-specific crop management (SSCM) is a part of precision agriculture which is helping increase production with minimal input. It has enhanced the cost-benefit scenario in crop production. The main goal of this paper was to use advanced geospatial techniques in data acquisition, remote sensing (RS), image processing, geographic information systems (GIS), global positioning systems (GPS) and statistical modeling to determine the correlation between image digital information and healthy olive trees growth and production management characteristics. It is to be noted that assumptions were based on the overall canopy greenness of the olive trees as healthy trees. This research was carried out during 2012–2014 in an irrigated olive orchards located in the Tarom region, Zanjan province of Iran. The following data were gathered: fruit set percent in shoot, canopy volume (CV), shoot length (SL), trunk diameter (TD), trunk height (TH), soil plant analysis development (SPAD), leaf area index (LAI), leaf dry matter percent (LDMP), leaf properties like nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) content in leaves, soil properties/characteristics like amount of Clay, Silt, Sand, Sodium adsorption rate (SAR), organic matter (OM), available phosphorous (Pav), available potassium (Kav), boron (B), total neutralizing value (TNV), electrical conductivity (EC), chloride (Cl), available iron (Feav). Advanced land observing satellite-Advanced visible and near infrared radiometer type 2 (ALOS-AVNIR-2) image was used in this experiment. A set of six clusters of olive trees existing in a compacted parcel of olive orchards were chosen. The image indices developed for this study were the normalized digital vegetation index (NDVI), newly developed vegetative vigor index (VVI) and the soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI). Multivariate regression models were developed using remotely sensed image digital values in relation to the site specific crop growth parameters as mentioned above. As is stated above, individual band DN value statistics as input parameters and plant growth characteristics such as CV, SL, TD, TH, SPAD, LAI, and LDMP as output parameters were used in the multivariate regression models development. Multicollinearity analyses were completed on the input parameters to reduce redundancy of data usage. Multicollinearity analysis of the image related variables shows that VVI and b1 are highly correlated with other variables. It was also observed that NDVI – b3 and b2-b4 are highly correlated and hence omitted from the input parameter list. The multivariate regression models developed with NDVI and SAVI along with individual band (Green, Red and Infrared bands) as input parameters for olive crop growth parameters like TD, TH and SPAD provided excellent coefficient of determination (R2) values of 0.98, 0.99 and 0.99, respectively. SAVI, Red-, Green-, and Blue-band image information together best estimated the olive tree canopy volume with R2 value of 0.84. Similarly, SAVI, Red-, Green-, and Blue-band image information together also best estimated the olive tree SL and LA with R2 value of 0.88 and 0.96, respectively. SAVI, NDVI, Red-, Green-, and Blue-band image information as input parameters estimated the olive tree trunk diameter with R2 value of 0.98. The same SAVI, NDVI, Red-, Green-, and Blue-band image information together best predicted the olive tree trunk height with maximum correlation (R2=0.99). Similarly SPAD and LDMP were estimated with excellent correlations (R2=0.99 and 0.79, respectively) using image related input parameters of SAVI, NDVI, Red-, Green-, and Blue-band. Algorithms developed with this study could be used by farmers or orhard managers for estimating the olive tree physical characteristics in similar environmental conditions that prevailed in our study area using remotely sensed imagery in a non-invasive, economic, and efficient manner.

An Application of the Two-Regime Threshold Vector Error Correction Model to Analyze Asymmetric Price Transmission of Milk in Zanjan Province of Iran

In this paper asymmetric price transmission mechanism and nonlinear adjustment between producer and retail prices of milk were examined in Zanjan Province of Iran. For this purpose, a Two-Regime Threshold Vector Error Correction Model (TVECM) and a Sup-LM Test developed by Hansen and Seo (2002) were employed for checking presence of a threshold effect. Application of unit root tests indicated that both wholesale and retail prices are I (1), and Johansen test verified cointegration of the series in the long-run. Results of the Sup-LM test confirmed threshold adjustment of product price towards the long-run equilibrium. Furthermore, results obtained from TVECM revealed that the coefficient of ECT is significant only in the first regime of retailing equation implying that retailers significantly respond to the decreasing deviations from the long-run equilibrium. While adjustment coefficient is not significant for wholesale equation in both regimes to imply that there is not significant inclination to react to deviations from the long-run equilibrium among the wholesalers despite the retailers.

Collocated cokriging of iron deposit based on a model of magnetic susceptibility: a case study in Morvarid mine, Iran

This paper describes a general framework of incorporating magnetic data as prior information in the modeling of an iron deposit based on sparse drilling boreholes. Since multivariate kriging of a sparse pattern of drilling yields lower uncertainty in mineral deposit modeling, a model of magnetic susceptibility as a second variable which has an acceptable level of correlation with the first variable, iron, is used to make a model of iron grade. Before applying an inversion technique to recover a 3D model of magnetic susceptibility, the normalized full gradient (NFG) approach is used to generate an approximate visualization of probable magnetic anomaly. Based on the NFG result, we have acquired appropriate dimensions of composites to apply the geophysical inversion method. The subsurface of the desired area of the magnetic anomaly is divided into a mesh with a large number of rectangular prisms (composites) with unknown susceptibilities. The recovered magnetic susceptibility model which has a correlation equal to 0.543 with the iron grade is used as a second variable in order to apply a multivariate set of kriging equations. The collocated cokriging method as a modified version of the cokriging system is used to interpolate the iron grade based on a model of magnetic susceptibility. This method has been applied to a real case study in Zanjan Province of Iran, showing its effectiveness when we encounter with such lack of drilled boreholes in the study area.