Youth Empowerment Programs Research Articles

Zakat and Youth Empowerment

Unemployment in Indonesia is currently dominated by young people. Zakat as one of the Islamic social finance instruments which has a crucial impact in the socio-economic development of a country. The aim of this research is to explore the relationship between zakat institution support, the successful of youth empowerment program, and individual welfare by Al-Azhar Zakat Institution. This paper also develops a model for the youth empowerment programs that will have an impact on the individual welfare mustahik based on Maqashid Sharia indicators and mustahik social welfare. This study uses primary data with purposive sampling and uses quantitative approach a path model. The main finding of this research showed that success of youth empowerment program fully significant mediated the relationship between zakat institution support and individual welfare. The study contributes to the existing literatures and managerial implications for zakat institution in developing a youth empowerment model to increase social prosperity.

Analysis of Youth Role in Empowering Community Competence in Sports Field (Study in KONI Asahan Regency)


 
 
 This study aims to analyze the Role of Youth in empowering community competencies in the field of sports, Synergy and Coordination between KONI, Regional Governments, and Youth in empowering and increasing community sports competency in Asahan Regency. This study uses a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. Youth in Asahan Regency (athletes or youth organizations) played an active role in encouraging youth empowerment to be very proactive in carrying out and participating in every activity carried out by KONI Asahan Regency and the Regional Government. Youth and KONI continued to coordinated well to create policies that can encourage the creation of young people in Asahan Regency who have competitive sports skills. But there are still missing links, especially in the aspect of communication between the local government and Youth Organizations in the process of drafting a youth empowerment program in Asahan Regency. The direction of the policy strategy was fostering accomplished athletes turned out to be quite successful, this was evidenced by the achievements of athletes in several domestic, regional and international championships. The policy objectives of the Asahan Regency and KONI in youth empowerment have been able to answer the increase in youth participation in various activities related to sports activities in Asahan Regency.
 
 

YOUTH EMPOWERMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

Youth empowerment is the key to sustainable development. Nigeria which stands as the youngest population in Africa has more than 50% of her population fall within the age range known as Youths (16-39)(NBS Report, 2018).The implication of this reality is that Nigeria has a massive prospect for economic development but that will be if the country can efficiently harness this human resources efficiently. Though numerous youth empowerment programs have been put in place by the Nigerian government, those programs lack sustainability. Today, the sad reality is that most of the youths in Nigeria are unemployed.The Nigeria bureau of statistics states that about 20.9 Million Nigerians were unemployed as at the third quarter of 2018, this data also shows that more than 80% of this unemployed Nigerians are youths, the working population of the country.With such a population of youths and drastic dilemma of unemploymentand poverty in the country, there is a need for government to adopt new strategy to engage this young population in a very productive way.This paper examines youth empowerment concepts that can be used to engage this huge human resources (the youth in Nigeria) in a productive way that will build sustainable economic development. The paper X-rays youth empowerment concept and their developmental potentials if they are carefully implemented with regulatory frame work to drive their sustainability.The study utilized questionnaires as the primary source of data and research reports and academic publications as the secondary sources of data. The study recommended that the youth empowerment programs should be revamped in a strategic way that will engage the youths and add massive revenue to the economy.

Developing principles of social change as a result of a Pasifika Youth Empowerment Program: A qualitative study.

IssueEmpowerment is a concept over‐used in health promotion, yet it is an important process that can used in developing the capacity and capability of young people for creating social change to improve healthier lives.MethodsThe Youth Empowerment Program (YEP), a pilot study aimed at empowering 15 youth (18‐24 years) to lead healthier lives. We present secondary outcomes of the original YEP study, using focus groups and mobile‐mentary approaches to capture the impact of the YEP through the youths’ understanding of the program. Thematic analyses to examine the pragmatic usefulness of the empowerment program.ResultsWe identified three major themes: (aa) Knowledge: education and awareness of healthy living and understanding of the wider social health issues, compound the health complexities of obesity; (b) Youth as catalysts for change: the youth viewed themselves as agents of social change; and (c) Transformation: the youth recognised themselves as catalysts for change that can positively transform communities into action.ConclusionThis study contributes new insights and depth of understanding about how the empowerment program can strengthen the process of individual capacity in an effort to mobilise social change for the betterment of the whole community, particularly among indigenous Pasifika population groups.So what?Developing empowerment principles will enable others to consider “how apply” empowerment more practically when working with young people and not use it flippantly with no real action‐oriented outcome.

Effect of youth empowerment programs on youth unemployment in Kaduna south local government area of Kaduna state

The study focused on empowerment programs on youth unemployment in Kaduna South LGA of Kaduna State, Nigeria. Unemployment is a major problem ravaging Nigeria’s population today and youths are worst hit by it. In an attempt to harness the potentials of youths and address the problem of unemployment, Kaduna South LG in collaboration with Kaduna State government introduced skills acquisition programs to empower youths of the area. Against this backdrop, the study examined effect the programs on youths in terms of empowering them to be economically productive and be self-reliant. The study, a survey research generated its data through the conduct of interviews with coordinators of the programs and administration of questionnaires to beneficiaries. Data generated were analyzed using descriptive statistics to answer the research questions while Spearman rank correlation was used to test hypotheses. Results show that though a sizeable number of beneficiaries (youths) of the programs are now productively engaged and self-reliant as their income level have risen visibly and can now afford basic necessities of life to some extent. However, challenges of inadequate funding, shortage of qualified and experienced trainers and lack of soft loans were encountered. On this basis, the study recommends adequate budgetary provision, engagement of adequate qualified and experienced trainers, provision of soft loans and increased commitment of Kaduna South LG to ensure continuity.

Effect of n-power scheme on youth empowerment in Anyigba, Dekina local government area of Kogi state

Unemployment is a major problem ravaging Nigeria’s population today and youths are worst hit by it. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria’s youth unemployment reached an all-time high of 29.7% in 2018 with about 13.2 million youths becoming unemployed. As a result, most youths lack the means to cater for their basic necessities. In the above light, the government at several times have created various youth empowerment schemes to empower youths and improve their living standard. The recent of them is the National Social Investment Program (NSIP) introduced in 2015 which consist of National Cash Transfer Programme (NCTP), Trader Moni, School Feeding Program and N-Power. The N-Power program is specifically geared towards empowering youths by training and engaging them in public organisations. Against this backdrop, the study examines the effect of the N-Power scheme on youth empowerment in Anyigba area of Kogi state, Nigeria. The population of the study was put at 491 which is the total number of N-Power beneficiaries in Anyigba in 2016, from which a sample size of 220 was obtained using Taro Yamane's. Data for the study were sourced primarily via questionnaire and secondarily via web articles, journals, seminar reports, etc. Descriptive and inferential statistics and One-Way ANOVA analysis were used for the data analysis and test of hypothesis. The study found that N-Power scheme has to a very large extent empower the youths in Anyigba in skills acquisition, financial status, self-reliance and productivity among the youth. The study also gave some recommendations among which is that the government should initiate more youth empowerment programs for development, the government should provide mandatory training and workshops in the area of ICT and agriculture to enhance the beneficiaries’ technical skills.

Application of SWOT-AHP in analyzing external and internal environment of youth empowerments

The low quality of youth resources, the lack of optimal coordination between youth organizations and youth empowerment in Soppeng District so that researchers are interested in conducting more in-depth studies. This study aims to analyze strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in the implementation of youth empowerment programs and formulate strategies for implementing the Soppeng District Youth and Sports Service Youth Empowerment Program. This study uses the SWOT-AHP method with the descriptive translation then tabulated so as to give birth to a choice of strategies that are a priority or more important. The results of the study found that the strength (S), weakness (W), opportunity (O) and threat (T) groups in the four groups were higher (S) with a value of 0.4958 compared to weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, for threats with the lowest value is 0.0719. The global priority of 16 statements from each strength (S), weakness (W), opportunity (O) and threat (T), the highest value is a 0.5300 statement of weakness (W1) while the lowest value is a threat (T4) 0.0609. The priority groups that are the focus of strengthening the Soppeng District Dispora include the highest value of the SWOT group (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) while the factors that have the highest common values are (Weakness, Opportunity, Threat and Strength). The implementation of the youth empowerment strategy program in Soppeng Regency run by the Dispora is inseparable from the influences of various aspects, both from strength and weakness (internal) and Opportunities and Threats (external). But the choice of the right strategy for Dispora or things that need to be strengthened from the four strategies ST1, ST2, ST3 and ST4, namely ST1 (SO). Awaken young people about the importance of empowerment can be carried out through seminars and provide training on the importance of empowerment, but the youth as objects and subjects must be aware of themselves that the future will be a legacy for them as a youth, especially youth in Soppeng Regency.

Empowering youth development and empowerment program (P3MD) in the District of Lappariaja, Bone Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia

Development and empowerment programs for rural communities are expected to be able to have an impact on youth empowerment. This study aims to determine the impact of youth empowerment in P3MD in Lappariaja District. This research is classified as a qualitative descriptive study. The subjects of this study were P3MD experts, village assistants, sub-district governments, village governments / village officials, the Office of Community and Village Empowerment and Youth Groups. Data collection is done by using interviews, observation, documentation. Researchers are the main instrument in conducting research. Techniques used in data analysis are data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that youth empowerment on the implementation of the P3MD program had an impact on empowerment with two levels of empowerment, in accordance with the empowerment indicators issued by UNESCO.

Entrepreneurship Education and Sustainability Economic in Nigeria

Entrepreneurial education as the blood that running sustainable development in Nigeria economy. The problem facing Nigeria right from independence are high rate of poverty, graduate unemployment, overdependence in foreign goods and poor technological for growth and development. This paper argued that, Entrepreneurship education will equip industrial with skill to be self-reliance. Some theories of entrepreneurial education and development are highly considered, while challenge of entrepreneurial education and their way out are highlighted. It was recommended that effective technical education and youth empowerment programme should put in place in every knock and crannies of the country for proper development. It was also recommend that educational programme at all level should be made relevant and if necessary should be compulsory and free to all youths so that the attention will be shifted away from white collar job. The government should give adequate attention to entrepreneurial development in the country through the provision of goods economic environment. If done, it will enhance job creative, vocational skill, employment opportunities and reduce poverty in society. Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Education, Sustainable, Economy Development, Training, Government. DOI : 10.7176/RHSS/10-2-02 Publication date: January 31 st 2020

FORMULATION OF LOCAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY FOR YOUTH IN SOUTH TANGERANG CITY

Social problems in youth become a matter that is always considered and reviewed by the government for the development of the personality of these young people. This study aims to analyze the policy formulation of Regional Regulation No. 1 of 2019 concerning Youth Development in South Tangerang. Youth Development Policy Formulation departs from youth issues including unemployment, youth behavior that is at risk of crime, thuggery, and drug abuse, there is no legal umbrella governing youth development in the city of southern Tangerang and youth infrastructure. The method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. This research uses the theory of the Riant Nugroho formulation stage, while the stages start from policy issues, forming a formulation team, pre-policy process, public process 1, formulation of draft 1, public process 2, formulation of draft 2, special focus, final draft and determination of policy . In the policy formulation stages Riant Nugroho prioritizes the stages in formulating a policy regulation or law. The results showed that the stages in formulating youth development policy formulation by the south tangerang city government had been implemented well so as to produce a youth development policy in south tangerang. Not only the stages of formulation that are of concern from the internal side, youth also experience obstacles such as cross-regional Cooperation Organizations that have not been synchronized in terms of youth development and empowerment programs as well as inadequate infrastructure facilities that encourage youth development and empowerment.

Youth Empowerment Program In Nigeria: A Strategy For Poverty Alleviation And National Development

Development is a process of attaining sustainable growth and the system's ability to cope with periodic changes in the realization of political, economic and social development through policies and programs. Successful governments in Nigeria have introduced several programs to alleviate poverty and attain national development. This paper is positioned on the qualitative method of social science research using secondary sources of data to examine the impact of the Youth Empowerment Program (YEP) on poverty reduction and national development. The study reveals that Low GDP growth, economic recession, and low investment are direct causes in the shrinking demand for job opportunities for the teeming unemployed youth and above all a mirror image of the state of an economy. It, therefore, explains that YEP has not alleviated poverty among the target beneficiaries and has insignificantly contributed to national development. The paper attributed poor performance of YEP to the high rate of unemployment in the country and therefore recommends for empowering the youth by exposing them into different vocational skills may help them to engage into sustainable-income and self-empowerment for national development which will lead to sustained poverty alleviation.

English

English

Youth Empowerment as Catalyst for Sustainable Development in Nigeria

The field of youth development sits at the frontier of new opportunities for research and practice. Likewise, sustainability of development has remained an area of interest and attracted debates among academia. In advanced economies, development has been successfully sustained over a long period of time but has proofed difficult in developing economies. Though different strategies to empower youths have been put in place in Nigeria, the resulting effects are not sustainable with the rate of poverty and unemployment still on the high side. Thus, there is the need to review the application of sustainable development concepts and its practicability in Nigeria. This paper is an attempt in this direction. To this end, this study reviews youth empowerment programme in Nigeria with the view to identifying the challenges militating against its success and proffer solutions. Primary data was collected through personal telephone interview with the commissioners of industries, commerce and trade in twenty-two states (out of 36 states) in Nigeria and secondary information was extensively gathered through research reports and academic publications. Analysis of data collected was done in frequencies and percentages. The paper found that youth empowerment is hinged on the fact that more than half of the Nigerian population is youth, about 70% of the population are poor with more than 29.5 per cent unemployed. Youth empowerment programmes were coordinated through Federal Ministry of Youth Development in Nigeria. Such programmes include Youth Empowerment Educational and Vocational Training, Youth Empowerment Agriculture (YEAP) and Job creation programmes such as SURE – P; CSWYE; YOUWIN; NAPEC; NAPEP together with Youth Empowerment Financial Intervention which were done through Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs), Government, Philanthropists and Financial Institutions. All these programmes were found not to be successful because of some identified challenges: poor implementation of policies, misappropriation of funds, youths not being adequately involved in decision making process, and corruption among others. The paper affirmed the benefits embedded in the adoption of youth empowerment programme as a strategy for sustainable development and thus advised government to focus attention more on the youth empowerment by involving them more in the decision-making process.

The Effects of Social Support on the Depression and Delinquency of the Adolescents in Residential Cares : Mediating Effect of Self-Esteem

본 연구에서는 아동양육시설 청소년을 대상으로 이들이 지각하는 사회적 지지(친구, 가족/친척, 의미 있는 타인)와 우울 및 비행과의 관계에서 자아존중감의 매개효과를 실증적으로 검증하였다. 이를 위해 전국 142개 아동양육시설의 퇴소예정 청소년 총 572명을 대상으로 사회적 지지, 자아존 중감, 그리고 우울 및 비행의 상태를 묻는 자기보고식 설문조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 총 113개 시설 총 454명의 청소년으로부터 설문지를 수거하여, 본 연구모형의 검증을 위한 통계분석을 수행 하였다. 본 연구모형을 분석한 결과, 사회적 지지 유형 중 가족/친척지지만이 시설보호 청소년의 우울에 유의미한 직접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 반면, 보호청소년의 비행에 대해서는 모든 유형의 사회적 지지가 유의한 직접적인 영향이 없는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한, 청소년의 자아 존중감을 매개변인으로 설정한 매개모형에서는 이들의 사회적지지 유형 중 의미 있는 타인에 의한 지지유형만이 이들의 우울 및 비행과의 영향관계 유의미한 매개효과가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 본 연구의 분석결과를 바탕으로 우울 및 비행 등과 같은 다양한 심리·사회적 위험에 노출되기 쉬운 시설보호 청소년에게 자아존중감 제고를 위한 다양한 실천적 또는 프로그램적인 함의를 제시하였다.The purpose of the study is to examine the mediation role of self-esteem between the social support perceived among adolescents in residential cares and their levels of depression and juvenile delinquency. The study provides an evidence indicating that adolescents who perceived a high level of social support by significant others were more likely to experience a high level of self-esteem, and more likely to experience the lower level of depression or delinquency in their residential settings. It is also found that a high level of social support by biological parents or relatives leads to a lower level of depression among the adolescents. The findings of the study suggest the need for practical implementations that enhance the adolescents’ self-esteem through by implementing a variety of youth empowerment programs(YEPs), that help the adolescents’needs for autonomy, competency, and relatedness to be satisfied. Also, some programmatic endeavors to improve the family relations between the adolescents and their biological parents or relatives can be a opportunity of their psychological well-being.

The Effects of Youth Empowerment Programs on the Psychological Empowerment of Young People Aging Out of Foster Care

Objective: This study examines the effects of youth empowerment programs (YEPs) on the psychological empowerment of young people aging out of foster care. Method: We used a two-group, cross-sectional survey to examine the effect of YEP participation on the psychological empowerment of youths aging out of Florida’s foster care system. The study sample consisted of 193 young adults (99 YEP participants and 94 non-YEP participants), ages 18–24. Four dependent variables represented the 4 dimensions of psychological empowerment: perceived control, motivation to influence, sociopolitical skills, and participatory behavior. Results: YEP participants experienced significantly higher perceived control, motivation to influence their environments, self-efficacy, and participatory behavior than non-YEP participants even when controlling for age at program entry, gender, race, time in foster care, number of placements, and geographic location. Conclusions: Findings suggest that youth empowerment is possible in child welfare systems and may be beneficial to young people aging out of foster care. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.

Politics of Exceptionalism and the Escalation of Terrorism in Nigeria; the Case Study of Boko Haram and Niger Delta Militants

Nigeria had been a center for attraction appearing on the news headlines in recent years with the recent activities of the deadly and notorious regional sects of terrorist organizations, the Boko Haram and the Nigeria Delta militants, due to their terrorist’s attacks on both government and civilians. The rise of these deadly terrorist groups such as Boko Haram and Niger Delta militants in Nigeria had been widely linked to the poor political and security condition amongst many problems of Nigeria that has persisted over the years. With the increase in number of improved and modern weapons, suicide bombings and well-organized systems, Boko Haram and Niger Delta militants challenge to the Nigerian government now also spread throughout the country, not just as a regional warfare, but thus affects the economic, social and political development of the most populous country in the African continent, that is Nigeria. Relevant and related literature were reviewed using conceptual, thematic and theoretical approaches. Public policy and Neo-realist theoretical frameworks were adopted to explain the phenomenon. Data in this thesis was generated from informants or eyewitnesses and first-hand direct contacts knowledgeable about the research topic and strengthened with secondary data from Library materials, newspapers, journals and articles. The thesis further revealed that Government strategies failed because Government did not address socio-economic factors that created the veritable ground for terrorism, such as unemployment, poverty, corruption and poor economy. This thesis research recommends that Government should focus on good governance, job creation and employment opportunities, poverty alleviation, welfare and provision of modern equipment for the military and other security Agents, as well as effective border patrol all for the purpose of sustaining its sovereignty II and an effective counter-terrorism measure. The study will recommend or call for a total overhauling of the Nigerian political, economic, social and economic structure and even the political economy of the country, as well as the implementation of a sound youth empowerment programs and forward-looking social, political and economic policies, the implementation of the aforementioned, will greatly help in bringing down the drastic rise of insecurity in the country and curb out the issue of exceptionalism which gave rise to terrorism in most parts of the country.

THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC SOCIAL FINANCE IN EMPOWERING YOUTH AND WOMEN IN SOKOTO STATE OF NIGERIA

Islamic Social finance is an emerging area of study and practice, different from commercial finance. It concerns about financing members of the community or country for socio-economic development. However, it faces the challenge of sustainability either due to legal or regulatory framework or due to lack of awareness among members of the society. The history of Islamic social finance in Nigeria connects back to the revivalism of Islam through Shehu Uthman Bin Fodio in 1804. Recently, with the establishment of Zakat and Endowment Committee in Sokoto in 2007, there was an increasing awareness and practice in the contemporary Islamic Social Finance, especially when the Government converts the Committee into Commission in 2016 which makes it independence to initiate and execute its policies. The objective of this paper is to examine two of its recently executed projects vis-à-vis Youth and Women Empowerment programs. The study uses qualitative technique for data collection and analysis. Two focus group sessions were conducted with the Youth and Women entrepreneurs who benefitted from the empowerment programs by the SZEC. The study finds that the Youth have been able to harness their potentials by expanding their businesses and upgrading the quality of their products and services such as shoe repair due the skills acquired in the training. Moreover, the women have improved their welfare and that of their children to an unprecedented level. They were able to maintain their chosen business as livelihood of income. However, they reveal that, marketing of their finished products is the major challenge they face.

The Emerging Social Work techniques in Youth Empowerment programs: A case Study of Youth Empowerment Organizations in Nairobi County

Traditional techniques used in social work have become obsolete and ineffective in meeting the contemporary needs of the dynamic population. This has led to the development of new social work techniques that seek to achieve social transformation among the youth. These innovations which are being implemented by youth empowerment organizations are important not only to the social workers that utilize them and their clients but also for the upcoming professionals and institutions that provide services to the youth. The overall objective of this paper is to unravel the emerging innovative social work techniques applied by youth empowerment organizations that seek to achieve social transformation among the youth. This study is grounded on diffusion of innovation model and linear models of innovation. This study reviewed different articles related to social work techniques, social work methods, social work intervention books, youth empowerment programs, social innovations, and existing local and international literature using different material from related fields to get rich information. The reviewed literature revealed that there were new social work techniques that have emerged to address the needs of the contemporary and dynamic urban youth population. These innovations have neither been documented nor shared with other organizations and social work practitioners. Social workers also face challenges in developing new techniques and these contributes to poor outcomes with the concurrent diversity of the social problems. This study recommends documentation of emerging social work interventions in youth empowerment and development programs, sharing of information and utilization on the new techniques and methodologies among social workers working with the youth. Social workers need to be trained on how to utilize social research to enhance their capacity in technique development, and organizing regular seminars and workshops where social workers can share and learn more about the new and emerging social work interventions.

Implementing a Replicable Model for K-12 Health Literacy to Promote Positive Youth Development

ABSTRACTThis article describes a replicable model of health literacy that promotes positive youth development. Now in its fifth year of implementation and run by Advance African Development, Inc., it is an integrated year-long, in-class, student-centered, technology-driven, and service-learning youth empowerment program. Forty-minute sessions are offered once a week to create health literate K-12 public school students able to use the Internet to obtain and understand health information, and to practice informed decision-making about their health. Data collected were qualitative and included student service learning projects to solve community health issues. Community engagement exposed students to problem-solving, collaborative and transformational leadership, and advocacy skills. Prior to the program, less than half of the students had heard of MedlinePlus, and those who had heard of it rarely could describe its purpose. Approximately 500 students and 10 teachers participated, and over 40 sessions were provided from August 2015 to June 2016.

Pasifika Youth Empowerment Programme: a potential public health approach in tackling obesity-health related issues

In New Zealand, the burden of obesity is greatest among Pacific people. However, targeted prevention strategies among Pacific communities are needed to learn about how to partner with indigenous groups to successfully apply such strategies. The aim of this study was to pilot the Pasifika Youth Empowerment Programme (YEP), which consisted of five interactive learning modules, among 15 Pasifika youth (18–24 years) from Wellington, New Zealand. This article describes the YEP methodology, to understand how to address obesity-related issues for Pasifika youth. At the completion of the YEP, the participants identified three causes of obesity relevant to Pasifika youth and developed preventative action plans targeting these causes: (a) poor diet, (b) lack of education, and (c) lack of physical activity. This study highlights that capacity and capability development of young people in understanding the key issues related to obesity is important to champion culturally acceptable strategies.