Young Leaders Research Articles

New Directions in Youth and Young Adult Ministry Leadership: Where Have We Been and More Importantly Where Are We Headed?

Catholic youth and young adult ministries have evolved vastly since they began in the 1930s. Throughout this ministry’s history, a story of change is told. This article will explore three questions. First, what does the history of this ministry tell us about the future? This will include an examination of the past twenty years of research and trends on youth and young adult ministry and the ministry leaders serving them. Second, what are the current realities informing our new directions? Third, what are the new directions being called for regarding the Catholic Church’s ministry to youth and young adults, and those that serve this ministry? Undoubtedly, Christus Vivit has shaped this conversation, and a large part of this direction includes a call for evangelization and accompaniment. Regardless, the key to moving in a new direction is understanding both the framework or characteristics for the pastoral ministry and the evolved role responsibilities of youth and young adult ministry leaders.

Facilitating Sustainable Outcomes for the Organization of Youth Sports through Youth Engagement

The aim of this study was to explore how a youth sport development programme in connection with a major event may facilitate sustainable outcomes for the organization of youth sports in Norway. The context of the study involved the Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports’ initiative to increase young people’s engagement within Norwegian organized sports. The result of the initiative was the Young Leaders Programme (YLP) in connection with the 2016 Lillehammer Youth Olympic Games. Young people’s perceptions of the YLP, as well as how these perceptions relate to its implementation, are evaluated to determine the extent to which the programme may make a difference to sustainable youth engagement in organized sports. Qualitative data were generated through interviews with 16 YLP participants, aged 16–20, and five implementing agents. Applying the framework of processes affecting sustainability, the study shows how certain forms of sustainability can be enhanced while constraining other forms at the same time. The findings highlight that project design and implementation play a more crucial role in creating organizational sustainability than in creating individual sustainability. Furthermore, we were able to reveal that the engagement of young people in sport events as volunteers fosters individual sustainability, of which sport organizations and sporting communities should take advantage by providing arenas where young people can re-engage in sport organizations and thus contribute as change agents to a sustainable organization for youth sports.

STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PEMASARAN JEJARING SOSIAL FACEBOOK SEBAGAI MEDIA E-COMMERCE PADA MASYARAKAT SURABAYA (Studi Deskriptif-Kualitatif Pada Produk Peralatan Olahraga)

In 2014 Indonesia has some young leaders who are well-known as a businessman in the field of e-commerce on the scope of South-East Asia. Therefore, this study aims to Determine the marketing communication strategy of e-commerce in using social networking sites namely Facebook, but anyway the government did not have any collection of data about e-commerce activities.
 Data source in this study is as much as three informants from community members who use Facebook doing e-commerce for selling sports equipment. The data analysis technique used is the depth interview.
 The Results Showed that E-commerce in Facebook classified to direct the marketing communications mix Showed Because this study informants that use only the medium of Facebook to promote Reviews their e-commerce activity. E-commerce activities are performed as informants Also inspired by other friends who has already doing e-commerce there. The success of the predecessor as well as has motivated them to Participate in implementing e-commerce activities.

Peningkatan Pemahaman ‘Islamic Leadership’ untuk Pemuda Sumatera Utara

<p>ABSTRACT. The case for youth moral decadentism at this time is very<br />concerning, plus the condition of the nation is being deteriorated economically.<br />The morality of the younger generation is certainly very worried, because they<br />are the ones who will be the leaders of the nation in the future. In Islam,<br />leadership is one of the important elements, because the enforcement of justice is<br />impossible to achieve except with power/authority. Therefore, this devotion aims<br />to realize a strong, optimistic, intelligent, and religious young Islamic leader".<br />This type of qualitative research is descriptive. The results of this study found<br />that the perception of youth about Islamic leadership is indispensable in order to<br />optimize the development of human resources and smarten and solve the<br />problems of the nation's life in achieving a bright future, because it is the next<br />generation of youth who will fight for sustainability. Leaders must lead<br />according to islamic values such as having courage in problem solving,<br />encouraging change, showing example, honesty, maturity, loyalty, enthusiasm,<br />determination, conviction, responsibility, hard work, discipline, and wisdom. <br />Keywords: Islamic Leadership, Young Generation, North Sumatera</p>

Validation of a Personality Assessment Tool (TCI-R) in a Cross-cultural Sample of Young Managers

We propose a positive psychology approach to the assessment of personality in young international managers using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-R) that is based on Cloninger's biopsychosocial model. In the present study, we first aimed at examining whether there were systematic differences in personality traits as measured by the TCI-R, between international young managers and the population that has until now been used as normative US population. Secondly, we aimed at psychometrically validate the TCI-R in a cross-cultural population of young managers so to provide more appropriate normative data for personality assessment. Methods: 442 MBA students of an international business school in Spain completed the TCI-R. Data were collected between 2012 and 2017. Participants were from 58 nationalities, between the age of 25 and 38. For comparative analysis, we analyzed differences between our sample and US population on each TCI-R personality dimension and subscale. For validation, we analyzed gender, age, and cultural differences on TCI-R dimensions and facets, and we assessed factor structure. Results: We found significant differences between our international MBA sample and US normative data for almost all dimensions of personality. The TCI-R showed good psychometric properties in our international sample. The original TCI-R seven-factor structure was confirmed with good data-fitting. Overall, our findings show that the TCI-R is a valid and reliable tool for personality assessment amongst international young leaders. The results of our study offer relevant insights that might be useful for educational purposes, namely MBA programs. In particular, we believe that they could contribute to developing positive leadership competencies.

Resources for China–ASEAN Relations: October 2020 to December 2020

Resources for China–ASEAN RelationsOctober 2020 to December 2020 Chen Juan (bio) As a research institute based in Singapore, the EAI monitors developments in relations and interactions between China and the individual countries of Southeast Asia as well as the ASEAN grouping as a whole. This material is presented in the form of (i) a chronology of events and (ii) important documents. —the Editors CHINA–ASEAN RELATIONS OCTOBER 2020 TO DECEMBER 2020: CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS OCTOBER 2020 3rd Chinese President Xi Jinping and Singapore President Halimah Yacob, and Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Singapore Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong exchange congratulatory messages to celebrate the 30th anniversary of the establishment of China–Singapore diplomatic relations. Both sides express readiness to advance and deepen cooperation in various fields. 9th Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi and Indonesia's Coordinating Minister for Maritime Affairs and Investment Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan meet in Tengchong city, Yunnan province. Both sides discuss their cooperation amid the COVID-19 pandemic, and exchange views on international and regional issues of common concern. 10th Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi holds talks with Philippine Foreign Secretary Teodoro Lopez Locsin also in Tengchong city, Yunnan. They agree to establish a "fast-track lane" for essential personnel exchanges. Both sides note their accumulation of experience in handling the South China Sea issue, and the Philippines side also expresses willingness to support companies of both countries in joint oil and gas development based on the Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation on Oil and Gas Development signed earlier. 11th–12th Chinese State Councillor and Minister of Foreign Affairs Wang Yi makes an official visit to Cambodia and meets with Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen, Deputy Prime Minister Hor Namhong and Foreign Affairs Minister Prak Sokhonn. Both sides sign the Cambodia–China free trade agreement and two cooperation documents. 12th–13th Chinese State Councillor and Minister of Foreign Affairs Wang Yi makes an official visit to Malaysia. He calls on Malaysian Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin and holds talks with Foreign Minister Hishammuddin Hussein. The two sides agree to develop a Memorandum of Understanding on COVID-19 related mutual support and to establish a High-Level Committee on Malaysia–China Post Pandemic Cooperation. They also look forward to the inking of the Agreement on Cooperation in Vaccine Development and Accessibility by both governments. 14th Chinese State Councillor and Minister of Foreign Affairs Wang Yi makes an official visit to Laos and meets with Laotian President Bounnhang Vorachit, Prime Minister Thongloun Sisoulith and Foreign Minister Saleumxay Kommasith. China and Laos jointly announce the launch of the "fast lane" for personnel exchanges and agree to set up a "green lane" for logistics. They also sign a series of cooperation documents. 14th–15th Chinese State Councillor and Minister of Foreign Affairs Wang Yi meets Thai Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha and Foreign Minister Don Pramudwinai during his official visit to Thailand. Both sides exchange congratulations on their 45th anniversary of diplomatic relations. They note the need to expedite the conclusion of the "fast track" arrangement for essential short-term business travel, and also consider establishing a "green lane" to facilitate cross-border flow of goods. 20th The ASEAN–China Young Leaders Scholarship (ACYLS) holds its opening ceremony online to welcome its second batch of scholars. For the 2020 academic year, 37 scholars have begun their higher education in various Chinese institutions. Launched in 2019, the ACYLS is an education cooperation initiative funded through the ASEAN–China Cooperation Fund. 21st The 12th Meeting of the ASEAN Plus Three (APT) Ministers on Agriculture and Forestry is held online. The meeting reaffirms the commitment to ensure sustainable food sources and stable food prices through the APT Emergency Rice Reserve and ASEAN Food Security Information System. The ministers also note the serious threat of Fall Armyworm to agriculture and food security of the region, thus encouraging member states to support the implementation of the ASEAN Action Plan on Fall Armyworm (2020–2025). 28th The 11th ASEAN Plus Three Labour Ministers Meeting is convened virtually. In support of the ASEAN Community Vision 2025, the meeting adopted the five-year priorities of APT cooperation on labour for the 2021–25 period. Views are exchanged...

Rumor surveillance in support of minimally invasive tissue sampling for diagnosing the cause of child death in low-income countries: A qualitative study.

In low-and middle-income countries, determining the cause of death of any given individual is impaired by poor access to healthcare systems, resource-poor diagnostic facilities, and limited acceptance of complete diagnostic autopsies. Minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS), an innovative post-mortem procedure based on obtaining tissue specimens using fine needle biopsies suitable for laboratory analysis, is an acceptable proxy of the complete diagnostic autopsy, and thus could reduce the uncertainty of cause of death. This study describes rumor surveillance activities developed and implemented in Bangladesh, Mali, and Mozambique to identify, track and understand rumors about the MITS procedure. Our surveillance activities included observations and interviews with stakeholders to understand how rumors are developed and spread and to anticipate rumors in the program areas. We also engaged young volunteers, local stakeholders, community leaders, and study staff to report rumors being spread in the community after MITS launch. Through community meetings, we also managed and responded to rumors. When a rumor was reported, the field team purposively conducted interviews and group discussions to track, verify and understand the rumor. From July 2016 through April 2018, the surveillance identified several rumors including suspicions of organs being harvested or transplanted; MITS having been performed on a living child, and concerns related to disrespecting the body and mistrust related to the study purpose. These rumors, concerns, and cues of mistrust were passed by word of mouth. We managed the rumors by modifying the consent protocol and giving additional information and support to the bereaved family and to the community members. Rumor surveillance was critical for anticipating and readily identifying rumors and managing them. Setting up rumor surveillance by engaging community residents, stakeholders, and volunteers could be an essential part of any public health program where there is a need to identify and react in real-time to public concern.

Between Cultures and Generations: Ethnic Activism of 1.5 Generation Immigrant Leaders

This article discusses ethnic activism in advancing a religious holiday in the absorbing society among 1.5 generation social-political activists who immigrated to Israel from Ethiopia. The findings show that syncretism was created in the identity, and in the organization and leadership patterns of the Ethiopian leaders that reflected their goals. By displaying symbols of their ethnic identity, they struggled over the right of their excluded minority group to ethnic otherness and its inclusion in the collective space. They stressed the importance of these ethnic celebrations as a factor that unifies the people and the symmetry of this unity. They served as a bridge between generations, between tradition and modernity, and between the absorbing and the absorbed. The article supplies essential insights on how young leaders use their ethnic tradition as a resource for the recruitment of cultural, social, and political capital for uniting a minority group and integrating it into society.

Political Involvement among Youth in Malaysia: Lessons Learnt

Youth are asset for the country and their ideas may provide significant contribution towards the country development process. They are the driving force towards the progress of the country and their contributions are undeniable in providing new ideas. Other than as the human capitals provided for the workforce, youth are also backbone of the country. Youth involvement in politics happen throughout the world and Malaysia has no exception. Youth have voice out their concern on the government’s policies and actions towards developing process by using available platform such as social media other than joining political parties or any association specifically for youth. The opportunities should be given to this group since country will lose creative, dynamic and innovative ideas from this group, known as Generation Y. The tagline like young leaders have create phenomena to give them opportunities to be leader at every level of government (community, state as well as country). This article will discuss the political involvement based on the survey among students in Universiti Utara Malaysia. Findings showed that internet (social media) has attracted the respondents to know more about politics. Their lower involvement in political parties’ activities are quite contradictory in which their willingness to vote and encourage others to vote during the election process in Malaysia. This paper will highlight the importance of social media as a platform for gaining youth involvement in political scenario in Malaysia.

“As young men we have a role to play in preventing sexual violence”: Development and relevance of the men with conscience intervention to prevent sexual violence

Sexual violence against women and girls is a major public health problem globally and in South Africa. Although young men have been identified as an important risk group for prevention interventions, scant attention have been given to this age cohort in low and middle-income countries. There is strong evidence that perpetration starts early and increasing attention is being drawn to Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) as settings for prevention interventions. The main objective of this study was to adapt the One Man Can Intervention for use with male university students in residences and develop materials for implementation. This paper presents the qualitative findings of the adaptation process of the One Man Can Intervention with 15 young male student leaders at a HEI in South Africa. The same participants who started in the study, participated throughout. Only five of the 15 participants were located and participated in the interviews six months post intervention. The results show the emergence of a six-hour session adapted intervention that addresses key drivers of violence against women and girls (VAWG). Critical engagement and dialogue on sexual violence is shown to shift key norms on gender equality, on being a man and reflection on their role in preventing sexual violence. This paper contributes to the field where much learning, refining and improvement of prevention interventions for VAWG are ongoing.

The Empowerment Ladder: Understanding transition across leadership stages in individuals with type 1 diabetes and other noncommunicable diseases

Background: Acceptance and adjustment to lifelong noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) pose a great challenge for individuals living with these conditions. Diabetes is one of the most prevalent NCDs, with type 1 diabetes usually diagnosed during childhood. Self-leadership is linked to internal and external factors that may motivate individuals with NCDs to play an active role as changemakers in their community or society. The Young Leaders in Diabetes (YLD) training, created to equip young people with skills that would benefit the population to which they belong, uses the Empowerment Ladder as a framework to identify their position relative to three leadership stages (self, community and society). Objective: To describe the stages and the ‘climbing’ process of the Empowerment Ladder and assess its suitability as a framework for use in a leadership training context. Method: From among 29 youth leaders who participated, 15 were selected (5 men and 10 women) and had their community engagement and activity analysed before and after training. Individuals were positioned on the Empowerment Ladder according to their past and current roles and activities. The difference between pre- and post-training test grades (delta scores) was calculated. Results: Post-training scores were significantly higher than pre-training scores (8.9 ± 0.54 vs 7.6 ± 1.08, p = .00084). Most individuals moved to a higher step on the Empowerment Ladder; however, three individuals, with delta scores lower than the median (0.1, 0.15 and 0.85) remained at their pre-YLD training level. Only one individual moved from Stage 1 (self) to Stage 3 (society). Another individual occupied two different steps at Stages 1 and 2 simultaneously because, although they demonstrated community leadership, they had not yet accepted their own health condition. Conclusion: The Empowerment Ladder proved a useful tool for identifying stages from self to broader levels of leadership in individuals living with type 1 diabetes. These initial findings need to be validated with a larger population, which includes other NCD groups.

The Interdependence of Humanistic Values and the Level of Existential Fulfillment of an Intellectual Leader

Value orientations of the young intellectual leaders cause absolute interest because, by realizing their ambitions, projects and making creative breakthroughs, they will eventually change history, create new directions for the development of science and art. Not only the realization of the talented youth’s own potential depends on what they think about the meaning of a person, on the worldview positions, but also whether the future society will be humanistic, whether talent will be cultivated in it. The article presents the results of a statistical sociological study of ideas about humanism, qualities of a leader, value orientations and the level of existential fulfillment of young intellectual leaders - graduate students of a technical university. The level of existential fulfillment of the sample is interconnected with a high vitality and self-awareness of health, ideas about humanism as the flourishing of sciences and art, ideas about freedom as a responsible choice, and the morality of universal justice. However, graduate students deliberately downplay the values “stimulation” and “hedonism” (striving for novelty and deep experience to maintain an optimal level of activity). Although the combination of these values with the value “independence” is significant for creative activity.

ПОЛИТИКО-ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ЛИЧНОСТНОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА МОЛОДЫХ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ ЛИДЕРОВ РОССИЙСКИХ ПАРЛАМЕНТСКИХ ПАРТИЙ

The article presents a systematic analysis the personal potential of young political leaders of contemporary Russian parties, which has been studied in recent years by an Associate Professor of the Department of Public Relations, Tourism and Hospitality of the Faculty of History, Political Sci- ence and Law of Russian State University for the Humanities. The research were was carried out according to political and psychological methods of a verbal and projective type, supplemented by training of public self-presenta- tion of young representatives of parliamentary parties among their potential voters. As part of the study, a political and psychological profile of each potential young party leader was compiled, highlighting their value orientations and readiness to work in public politics. The article reveals the basic motives contributing to choosing the politics by young people as a professional sphere for the formation of their own personality. Also, the values orientations of young party leaders are compared with their political self-identification. Fol- lowing the results of the research works, the author of the article concludes that the existing leadership potential of young representatives of Russian parliamentary parties is not always manifested in the public practice and requires serious adjustments in terms of training in specific communication techniques, and coming into politics is determined by the desire for personal self-realization.

The Image of Young Leader Kim Jong Un via ”The Shortcut” by Kim Dae Seong: Understanding Typical Factor of Political Culture in North Korea

Since the year 2010 when North Korea Kim Jong Il's health condition was confirmed fatal, Kim Jong Un (born in 1984) became known as the next legitimate successor and political leader of his family. From 2011, giant media enterprises around the world were attracted by the question upon the newly risen young leader's pattern of leadership in one of the most reclusive and secretive countries of the globe. In the North Korea, the image of the top leader of its polity is known to be built in extremity by which the leader plays as the utmost guardian who is able to deliver guidance and offer protection and at the same time represents the undefeatable status of the political entity desired by North Korean thinktanks. Published in 2014 in North Korea, translated and introduced to the Vietnamese public by Vietnam Writers' Association in 2020, The Shortcut by Kim Dae Seong proposed an interesting perspective of ``the insiders'' on deciphering the image of young leader Kim Jong Un which is totally different from the normality projected by Western medias. This paper is written primarily on the available source in The shortcut to argue the founding forces and factors of a young leader with heated devotion whilst being ripenly mature to exhibit unconditional love for his fervent followers. In the same lights, the work also depicts North Korea's views on national domestic policy which tends to make a shift from ``Military First'' politics (seongun jeongchi) to the inclusion of ``all for the advance of high-end technology'' strategies. In addition, this research also illustrates and interprets different aspects of adopting the thoughts of Confucianism in North Korean political culture from what normally known elsewhere in other East Asian countries.

"That's What the Program Is All about… Building Relationships": Exploring Experiences in an Urban Offering of the Indigenous Youth Mentorship Program in Canada.

Peer mentorship is an effective approach for delivering health promotion programs that may be particularly useful among underrepresented populations. Advancing the peer-led approach, the Indigenous Youth Mentorship Program (IYMP) is a communal-led program rooted in Indigenous values aimed at the promotion of healthy lifestyles in children and youth. The program includes layers of multi-age mentoring (i.e., elementary students, high school student mentors, and young adult health leaders [YAHLs]) and incorporates three core components: physical activity, healthy eating, and cultural teachings. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively explore elementary student, mentor, and YAHL experiences in an urban IYMP offering. Eleven sharing circles were conducted; six with elementary students (n = 23; grade 4 and 5 students), two with mentors (n = 3; students enrolled in a grade 10 wellness girls class), and three with YAHLs (n = 6; undergraduate university students). Focus groups were also held with respective school teachers and principals. An inductive content analysis generated three themes that represent the perceived impacts of this urban IYMP offering: (1) Fostering Wellness, (2) Strengthening Meaningful Connections, and (3) Exploring Leadership. Findings are positioned within a communal mentorship framework that is circular and multi-directional. By bringing together Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples, this program offering supports Indigenous cultural relevance in an urban-based wellness program.

Advancing Youth Governance in the Philippines: A Narrative of the Sangguniang Kabataan and its Road to Reform

In almost 30 years of implementation, the Sangguniang Kabataan, which is the Philippines’ version of the village youth council, has faced many challenges, from accusations of exposing ineffective and corrupt practices to young leaders to allegations of electoral malpractices such as vote-buying and patronage politics. All these led to real threats to the abolishment of a beleaguered governance mechanism which would have been a model of youth participation. In this study, we narrate the history of the Sangguniang Kabataan and its obstacles, and its road to reform over the years. We discuss the key circumstances and influences that led to calls for its reform in the mid-2000s, and the key events and arguments in the SK Reform Law’s legislative process in the 15th and 16th congress. The SK Reform Law was successfully passed through a comprehensive reform agenda and determined leadership, despite multiple strong pushes for abolishment. We also analyzed the current SK Law, its key strengths and weaknesses, and its effects on the power dynamics of the SK and local governments. Despite improvements in the age range, fiscal autonomy, and reinforcement of local youth development ecosystems, coordination in the national level and training in the local level were still lacking. We also looked at the effects of the law’s anti-dynasty provision in 3 key metropolitan areas in the country, and found that despite uncertainties in the implementing procedures, it was able to lower the incidence of individuals with incumbent relatives in local elected positions. In part due to the SK Reform Law, the incidence of dynastic SK officials (eg. Elected SK officials with the same surname as incumbent SK or local officials at the time of filing) decreased by 0.4%, 2.5% and 7% from 2010 to 2018 for Cebu City, Davao City, and Quezon City, respectively.

Leadership as Craft-Crafting New Leaders

Leadership: Science, Art, or Craft? What is the best way to develop leaders? These questions are vital to the way leaders see themselves, enact their roles, and run their organizations. They present a range of choices to a CEO who needs to develop young leaders in order to grow a business. Philip Mirvis, Karen Ayas, and CEO Jason Grenfell-Gardner address this question by describing a novel approach to developing effective leaders.

Foreword

Foreword

Generation of non-integer high-order harmonics and significant enhancement of harmonic intensity* *Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11974229 and 11504221), the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province, China (Grant No. 201901D111288), the Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi, China (Grant No. 2019L0452), the Program for the Top Young Academic

High-order harmonics from helium atom in the orthogonally two-color (OTC) laser field are investigated by solving the two-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation. Non-integer high-order harmonics are obtained in some ratio of frequencies of two components. Pure odd and even harmonics from atoms could be separated in two components by adjusting the ratio of frequencies in OTC scheme, and the resolution of harmonics is improved at the same time. The physical mechanism is explained by the periodicity of dipole. With the same intensity of the incident laser, the intensity of the high-order harmonics from the OTC field scheme is improved by three orders of magnitude compared to the monochromatic laser field scheme. A theoretical scheme is provided for experimentally achieving improving energy resolution and separation of pure odd and even harmonics in atoms. Also, we provide a means for improving harmonic intensity.

COVID‐19 and the Marshallese

<scp>COVID</scp>‐19 and the Marshallese