Young University Teachers Research Articles

Pharmacological Management of Acute Spinal Cord Injury: Overlooked Opportunities to Enhance Long-Term Neurological Function

Background: Complications arising from acute traumatic spinal cord injury are routinely managed by various pharmacological interventions. Despite decades of clinical application, the potential impact on neurological recovery has been largely overlooked. Methods: We first performed an analysis of available clinical trial and observational data to determine what constitutes of acute pharmacological care after spinal cord injury. Then, we conducted an in-depth literature review to evaluate evidence that commonly administered drugs have potential disease-modifying properties in animal models of spinal cord injury. Finally, we searched available databases (e.g., Drug Bank) and literature to determine drugs that have been shown to alter the effectiveness of emerging investigational treatments (e.g., riluzole). Findings: Over 780 unique drugs were administered within the first month after injury. On average, patients received 20 unique drugs (range 1-58) - often in a combinatorial or overlapping fashion (i.e., polypharmacy). Approximately 10% of drugs were administered acutely as prophylaxis (e.g., pain, infections). From our initial review of preclinical literature, 329 studies evaluating 95 unique drugs demonstrate evidence of disease-modifying properties (i.e., beneficial or detrimental) on histological and/or functional outcomes in animal models. A total of 222 commonly administered drugs were found to interact with emerging investigational therapies and alter their efficacy. Interpretation: Our study revealed a high degree of polypharmacy in the acute stages of spinal cord injury, with potential to both positively and negatively impact neurological recovery. This raises the distinct possibility of drug repositioning, either by broadly introducing or reducing the administration of a drug, in order to enhance neurological outcomes after acute injury. In addition to modifying effects, the potential for interactions between commonly administered drugs and novel therapies warrants caution in emergent clinical trials. Funding Statement: Dr. Jutzeler was supported by a Craig H. Nielsen Foundation, Blusson Integrated Cures Partnership Wings for Life, the Swiss National Science Foundation (Ambizione Grant, PZ00P3_186101). This study was funded in part by the Alfried Krupp Prize for Young University Teachers of the Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach-Stiftung (Dr. Borgwardt). Dr. Harel was supported by Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation Research and Development Service grant B-0881W. Dr. Ferguson is supported by National Institutes of Health grants R01NS088475, UG3NS106899, and Veterans Affairs RR&D grants 1I01RX002245, I01RX002787. Dr. Kwon is the Canada Research Chair in Spinal Cord Injury and the Dvorak Chair in Spine Trauma. Dr. Bradke is supported by International Foundation for Research in Paraplegia, Wings for Life, Deutsche Forschungsgesellschaft (DFG), ERA-NET AXON REPAIR, and ERA-NET RATER SCI, the excellence cluster ImmunoSensation2, the Special Research Grants 1089 and 1158. Dr. Kramer is supported by a Scholar Award from the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research and Rick Hansen Institute, as well as the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (ERA-NET RATER SCI), Wings for Life, and the International Foundation for Research in Paraplegia (IRP). Declaration of Interests: Catherine Jutzeler: Nothing to disclose. Bobo Tong: Nothing to disclose. Eric Bailey: Nothing to disclose Noam Y. Harel: Nothing to disclose Fred Geisler: Nothing to disclose Karsten Borgwardt: Reports personal fees from Mentoring and Consulting for Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), Basel, outside the submitted work. Adam R. Fergus0n: Nothing to disclose Brian Kwon: Nothing to disclose. Frank Bradke: Nothing to disclose. Jacquelyn J. Cragg: Nothing to disclose Lukas Grassner: Nothing to disclose John L.K. Kramer: Nothing to disclose. Ethics Approval Statement: Approval for this study (secondary analysis) was received by an institutional ethical standards committee on human experimentation at the University of British Columbia.

Research on Young Teachers’ Planning and Teaching Ability Improvement in Independent Colleges

Frequent flow of young teachers in independent colleges is a key factor restricting their rapid development. Moreover, the teaching ability of teachers in independent colleges is related to teaching quality and personnel training. Scientific and reasonable evaluation index of teaching ability is the key to guarantee teaching quality, and is also an effective way to train and build young teachers. The development of independent colleges is unique, and young teachers also have their own characteristics of the times. This paper will put forward guiding suggestions from the perspective of young teachers’ planning and the improvement of young teachers’ teaching ability to help the new development of independent colleges.

Ab initio investigation of excited state dual hydrogen bonding interactions and proton transfer mechanism for novel oxazoline compound**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11404112), the Funding Scheme for Young Teachers in Colleges and Universities in Henan Province, China (Grant No. 2017GGJS077), and the Key Scientific Research Project of Colleges and Universities of Henan Province,

Owing to the importance of excited state dynamical relaxation, the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism for a novel compound containing dual hydrogen bond (abbreviated as “1-enol”) is studied in this work. Using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) method, the experimental electronic spectra can be reproduced for 1-enol compound. We first verify the formation of dual intramolecular hydrogen bonds, and then confirm that the dual hydrogen bond should be strengthened in the first excited state. The photo-excitation process is analyzed by using frontier molecular orbital (HOMO and LUMO) for 1-enol compound. The obvious intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) provides the driving force to effectively facilitate the ESIPT process in the S1 state. Exploration of the constructed S0-state and S1-state potential energy surface (PES) reveals that only the excited state intramolecular single proton transfer occurs for 1-enol system, which makes up for the deficiencies in previous experiment.

HR Perspectives of Russian Universities: Who Will Teach in the Near Future?

Introduction. A university professor is the major actor of the preparation of future specialists, the carrier of significant amount of implicit knowledge, which due to objective reasons cannot be formalised. For the full functioning of the higher school and its development, it is necessary to form and support the affective system of uninterruptable reproduction of qualified scientific and pedagogical personnel. The growing problem of ageing of higher-education teaching personnel (i.e. faculty) of Russian universities, which is not isolated from other negative trends, causes a threat to the overall human potential of the country.Aim. Within the scope of a further scientific discussion1, the aims of the article are the following: to comprehensively discuss the crisis situation in the field of higher education HR in Russia, to identify the key causes of the crisis and to indicate the possibilities of overcoming it.Methodology and research methods. The methodological framework is based on systematic approach, which includes general scientific methods (deduction, induction, generalisation, comparative analysis, etc.) and special research methods (historical method, correlation and regression analysis, statistical analysis, etc.).Results and scientific novelty. The causes of demographic crisis of the Russian higher education institution are considered: a) the rapid ageing of highereducation teaching personnel; b) the outflow of young teachers to other sectors of employment; c) the reluctance of graduates of master programmes to build their career in the field of higher education; d) the lack of the general interest in postgraduate school as a traditional institute for the training of scientific and pedagogical personnel of the highest qualification in Russia; e) the reduced efficiency of the functioning of the institute of postgraduate education; f) the long period of becoming young teachers as candidates of science. The crisis is continuously increasing against the background of: a) the growth in the number of potential applicants – young people aged 18 to 24; b) the low income level of young university teachers, including most of the leading universities; c) the lack of the system of state support and stimulation of young teachers. There are currently no economic prerequisites for the use of “soviet” experience in terms of a significant increase in the financial attractiveness of postgraduate school and perspectives of scientific and pedagogical activities. Therefore, it is necessary to propose the measures at the federal level, taking into account modern realities. To resolve the problem mentioned above, the author’s concept of the state programme “Future Associate Professors” is proposed, which should be realised by organising two promotion trajectories: a) “student → assistant and postgraduate student → preparation and dissertation defence → associate professor”; b) “a practicing specialist with experience in the department’s profile → teacher and postgraduate student → preparation and dissertation defence → associate professor”. The innovations designed to ensure successful implementation of the programme are formulated and justified: a) state subsidies for a part of the cost of students’ and young specialists’ participation in the programme; b) targeted “teaching” budget places for postgraduate studies; c) the introduction of an additional criterion for evaluating universities in the framework of annual monitoring.Practical significance. The research results and proposals can be used by the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, as well as by the heads of Russian universities to increase the effectiveness of their activities at the national and local levels.

Research on the Identification Mechanism of University Young Teachers' Political Institutional based on Binary Logistic Regression Analysis

The university has always been the main front of political and ideological construction. The ideological and political form of the young faculty group consisting of important teachers is particularly important. Under the background of China's current reforms entering the deep water area and tackling the hardship period, it is of great significance to effectively consolidate the ideological consensus, political identity, and political identity of young teachers in colleges and universities. On this basis, this study combines the methods of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, using binary logistic regression model, scientifically analyzes and accurately identifies the factors that influence the identification of ideological and political education systems for young teachers in colleges and universities. On this basis, it proposes to recognize the institutional performance release system. The institutionalized countermeasure system strengthens institutional identity through institutional advantages and respects the recognition of a solid system with political beliefs.

DMDD, Isolated from the Root of <i> Averrhoa carambola</i> L., Protects Against Diabetic Kidney Disease by Inhibiting TLR4/TGFβ Signaling Pathway

Objective: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of death and disability of diabetes mellitus. However, there is still a lack of specific drugs for the treatment of DKD. Objective: The chief aim of this research is to investigate the role and mechanism of DMDD for DKD. Methods: Wild type and TLR4 knockout mice were induced to diabetes. After 4-week treatment with DMDD, blood sugar, renal function, blood lipid and pathological changes were assessed. Real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were employed to detect the expressions of TLR4, TGFβ1 and Smad2/3 in the renal tissue. Results: DMDD improved the serum lipid and decreased fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic mice. CysC and urinary albumin levels increased markedly in the diabetic group, and they were obviously decreased after 4 weeks of DMDD treatment. Compared with the WT diabetic mice, the urinary albumin and CysC in the TLR4-/- mice were expressed at lower levels. HE and Masson's staining revealed that DMDD clearly ameliorated pathological changes and renal fibrosis. When TLR4 gene was knock out, the pathological was improved. Mechanistically, TLR4, TGF-β1 and Smad2/3 were obvious up-regulation in the renal tissues of diabetic mice. The expressions of these proteins were significantly down-regulated after DMDD treatment (p< 0.05). In the TLR4-/- mice, mRNA and protein levels of TGF-β1 and Smad2/3 were obviously lower than those in the WT mice. In addition, IHC revealed that a strong in situ expressions of TLR4, TGF-β1 and Smad2/3 were seen in the kidney tissues of diabetic mice, which were distinctly weakened in the DMDD-treated mice. In the TLR4-/- mice, however, expressions of TGF-β1 and Smad2/3 were not remarkable increase in the diabetic mice compared with normal mice. Conclusions: These results strongly indicate that TLR4 is essential for DMDD protection against renal dysfunction in diabetic mice. Its hypoglycemic and anti-fibrosis effects were likely mediated by inhibiting of the TLR4/TGFβ signaling pathway, and the downregulation of Smads in the renal interstitium. Funding Statement: This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81760665, 81460205), and Guangxi Natural Science Foundation under Grant No. 2017GXNSFBA198177. In addition, this project was financially supported by the project of improving the basic ability of young teachers in colleges and universities in Guangxi (KY2016YB098). Declaration of Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest in this work. Ethics Approval Statement: All experimental procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Guangxi Medical University.

Эффективный контракт в системе стимулирования труда молодых преподавателей (на примере вузов г. Москвы)

At present time, in our country, the question of the reproduction of the human and scientific potential of education is acute. In this connection, the problem arises of attracting and securing young teachers in higher educational institutions. Its decision is hampered by the fact that the level of income of young university teachers is half the average salary in professional areas in the study region, most likely this is due to the fact that an effective contract as a measure of incentives for teachers under 35 years of age practically does not work. The primary empirical information used in this article was collected by the questionnaire method. Two surveys were conducted: the first teachers of higher education institutions of all age cohorts and the second teacher up to 35 years old. In the course of the study, it was found that the currently effective contracts for young teachers do not work in full force. This is due to the fact that most often there are no separate performance indicators for young teachers, as well as criteria for existing indicators, in the first years of scientific and pedagogical experience are practically not achievable.

Impact of mentoring relationship on career satisfaction of young college teachers - the moderating effect of the type of mentoring relationship and the gender of mentee

Impact of mentoring relationship on career satisfaction of young college teachers - the moderating effect of the type of mentoring relationship and the gender of mentee

Impact of mentoring relationship on career satisfaction of young college teachers - the moderating effect of the type of mentoring relationship and the gender of mentee

Young teachers are the main force for the future development of universities and colleges. For individual young teachers, the degree of career satisfaction directly influences their working enthusiasm. A questionnaire survey is conducted among 300 young teachers from eight universities and colleges in China to study the relationship between mentoring relationship and career satisfaction of young college teachers, as well as the moderating effect of the type of mentoring relationship and the gender of mentee on such relationship. Results indicate that mentoring relationship has a significant positive effect on the career satisfaction of young college teachers. In addition, the type of mentoring relationship and the gender of mentee, as moderating variables, both have a moderating effect on the relationship between the mentoring relationship and career satisfaction of young college teachers, but they do not have a combined moderating effect.

浅析“贯彻新发展理念”视阈下的高校青年教师培养路径

浅析“贯彻新发展理念”视阈下的高校青年教师培养路径

Regularized inner products and weakly holomorphic Hecke eigenforms**The research of the first author is supported by the Alfried Krupp Prize for Young University Teachers of the Krupp foundation and the research leading to these results receives funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) / ERC Grant agreement n. 335220—AQSER. The research of the

We show that the image of repeated differentiation on weak cusp forms is precisely the subspace which is orthogonal to the space of weakly holomorphic modular forms. This gives a new interpretation of weakly holomorphic Hecke eigenforms.

Enhanced effect of dimension of receptor-ligand complex and depletion effect on receptor-mediated endocytosis of nanoparticles**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11047022, 11204045, and 11464004), the Tracking Key Program of Social Development of Guizhou Province, China (Grant Nos. SY20123089 and SZ20113069), the General Financial Grant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2014M562341), the

We present an extended analytical model including the depletion effect and the dimension of ligand-receptor complex, aiming to elucidate their influences on endocytosis of spherocylindrical nanoparticles (NPs). It is found that the dimension of ligand-receptor complex (δ) and the depletion effect interrelatedly govern the optimal conditions of NP endocytosis. The endocytosis phase diagram constructed in the space of NP radius and relative aspect ratio indicates that the endocytosis of NP is enhanced evidently by reducing the optimal radius and the threshold radius of endocytosed NP. Meanwhile, through thermodynamic and kinetic analysis of the diffusion of receptors, the dependence of diffusion length on depletion effect and the dimension of ligand-receptor complex can be identified in great detail. For small aspect ratio, diffusion length decreases with increasing concentration c of small bioparticles in cellular environment. Endocytosis speed corresponding to large radius R and high concentration c of small bioparticles strongly depends on the increasing . These results may show some highlights into the conscious design of NPs for diagnostic agents and therapeutic drug delivery applications.

A uniform framework of projection and community detection for one-mode network in bipartite networks**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11505114 and 10975099), the Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Orientational Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning (Grant Nos. QD02015016 and DUSST02), the Shanghai Project for Construction of Discipline Peaks, the Natural Science Foundation

Projection is a widely used method in bipartite networks. However, each projection has a specific application scenario and differs in the forms of mapping for bipartite networks. In this paper, inspired by the network-based information exchange dynamics, we propose a uniform framework of projection. Subsequently, an information exchange rate projection based on the nature of community structures of a network (named IERCP) is designed to detect community structures of bipartite networks. Results from the synthetic and real-world networks show that the IERCP algorithm has higher performance compared with the other projection methods. It suggests that the IERCP may extract more information hidden in bipartite networks and minimize information loss.

Implementation of Information-Based Teaching System for Young College Teachers based on iOS Platform

Targeting the research and implementation of mobile-end live teaching systems, this paper develops a mobile mathematics learning system that can interact and exchange learning with students and teachers in any place with Internet access, designs geometric image drawing, mathematical formula layout and other key algorithms and studies the audio and video data structure on the iOS platform framework. Reality test results show that the live teaching system based on the iPad platform works well - the mathematical whiteboard module can achieve the drawing of geometric images and display and operation of algebraic formulas; the live video module can transmit video stream formed by the images captured by the camera or from the screen and the audio acquired to the server at real time, and can play the video stream from the server in time. This satisfies the requirement of mobile-end video broadcast and helps further promote the development of learning and teaching based on mobile terminal.

Effect of Temperature on Topological States of Circular DNA**Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 11047022, 11204045, and 11464004, Guizhou Provincial Tracking Key Program of Social Development (SY20123089, SZ20113069), the General Financial Grant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2014M562341), the Research Foundation for Young University Teachers from Guizhou University (201311), and College Innovation Talent

The different topological states of circular double-stranded DNA can be defined by their linking number. The equilibrium distribution of linking number can be obtained by circularizing a linear DNA into a circle by ligase. Based on the recent experimental results that the DNA bending rigidity and twist rigidity strongly depend on temperature, the reduced bending rigidity can be approximated by over the temperature interval (5 ∼ 53) °C, and the temperature dependence of twist rigidity can be fitted by nm. The temperature dependence of the linking number distribution of circular DNAs can be predicted by using Monte Carlo simulation. The variance of linking number distribution on temperature is in accordance with the previous experimental results. Compared with the temperature dependence of bending rigidity, the temperature dependence of twist rigidity causes a noticeable fluctuation in linking number distribution and mainly contribute towards the variance change of linking number distribution of circular DNA. The variance of the writhe number and twist number in the equation depends on the length of circular DNA. When the length of circular DNA is less than 230 nm, the variance of twist number is dominant over the variance of writhe number , whereas for the condition that the length of the circular DNA is larger than 370 nm.

Sick-Leave Due to Burnout Among University Teachers in Pakistan and Finland and Its Psychosocial Concomitants

The study examines sick leave due to burnout among 476 university teachers in Pakistan and Finland and its relationship with a number of psychosocial concomitants with the help of a web-based questionnaire. Sick leave due to burnout was significantly more frequent in Pakistan. An alarming finding was that 19.2 % of 26−35 year old Pakistani teachers had been on sick leave due to burnout, while in Finland, the percentage for this age group was zero. Results from a MANOVA revealed that good working conditions, social support at work, and promotion opportunities were all rated as significantly better by the Finnish sample. Workplace bullying was also significantly less frequent in Finland. The findings suggest that young university teachers in Pakistan are especially at risk of experiencing occupational stress and burnout.

Career Plans of Novice University Teachers: The Research Perspective

Abstract Introduction: The career trajectories of young university teachers have been a relatively frequent research target in North American and Western European countries but an entirely neglected topic of the Czech and Slovak educational research. This paper’s ambition is to narrow the gap. The research goal is to describe one aspect of career advancement of young university teachers - their professional plans after their entry to an academic position at a university after completion of their doctoral studies. Methods: This qualitative investigation was concentrated on a sample of ten young university teachers currently employed in Czech universities. The data were gathered through in-depth interviews, sound recordings were converted to written transcripts, and then open- and category coded. Results: The findings show how the young teachers adapted to the workplace environment, how they struggled with the double roles in academia, i.e., an instructor and a researcher, and which personal decisions they made for the next years in employment. I was revealed how the desire to attain assistant professorship overwhelmed their professional, occupational and personal decisions. Limitations: As concerns the limitation of the findings, the qualitative investigation went deeply into the thinking and decision making of the study participants but was unable to draft wide generalisations.

Молодые преподаватели вузов как особая социальная группа (на примере вузов г. Москвы)

Молодые преподаватели вузов как особая социальная группа (на примере вузов г. Москвы)

Effects of Ionic Dependence of DNA Persistence Length on the DNA Condensation at Room Temperature**Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 11047022, 11204045, 11464004 and 31360215; The Research Foundation from Ministry of Education of China (212152), Guizhou Provincial Tracking Key Program of Social Development (SY20123089, SZ20113069); The General Financial Grant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation

DNA persistence length is a key parameter for quantitative interpretation of the conformational properties of DNA and related to the bending rigidity of DNA. A series of experiments pointed out that, in the DNA condensation process by multivalent cations, the condensed DNA takes elongated coil or compact globule states and the population of the compact globule states increases with an increase in ionic concentration. At the same time, single molecule experiments carried out in solution with multivalent cations (such as spermidine, spermine) indicated that DNA persistence length strongly depends on the ionic concentration. In order to revolve the effects of ionic concentration dependence of persistence length on DNA condensation, a model including the ionic concentration dependence of persistence length and strong correlation of multivalent cation on DNA is provided. The autocorrelation function of the tangent vectors is found as an effective way to detect the ionic concentration dependence of toroidal conformations. With an increase in ion concentration, the first periodic oscillation contained in the autocorrelation function shifts, the number of segment contained in the first periodic oscillation decreases gradually. According to the experiments, the average long-axis length is defined to estimate the ionic concentration dependence of condensation process further. The relation between long-axis length and ionic concentration matches the experimental results qualitatively.

On the New Media to the Challenge for New Young Teachers in Professional Dedication and Countermeasures at Universities

The new media is the product of media development, which has the characteristics of being massive interactive and personalized. Professional dedication is the component of the Chinese nation in its excellent traditional culture. Under the impact of the new media, the professional dedication of new young teachers in universities in terms of meaning, approaches to achieve an environment where they are involved is being challenged. Therefore, we should strengthen the education of new-literacy and professional education for young teachers, adhere to the combination of online and offline, play the role of gatekeeper, and enhance the management and supervision of new media, thus to raise professional dedication and professional values of new young teachers in universities, and realize the Chinese dream in professional practice activities.