Young Citizens Research Articles

Scientific and Educational Space and the Sovereign Future of the Russian State

The paper analyzes the actual content of the interdisciplinary concept «scientific and educational space of the Russian Federation», since the ongoing changes in the educational sphere of the Russian state, due to the new realities of the country’s foreign and domestic policy, require scientific justification and understanding. The author determines the tendencies of the development of the educational system of Russia. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the unity of society, the level of its interaction with the State, ideology and culture, being the sides of socio-political formation, are directly dependent on the level of the internal scientific and educational policy of each civilized country. The author concludes that it is necessary to continue using the full potential of the scientific and educational space to unite society, preserve the unity of the general cultural space of the State, prevent national-ethnic conflicts and social tension, taking as an alternative basis the priority of individual rights and minimizing social inequality in order to strengthen the national security of the sovereign Russian state. An urgent component of the vigorous development of Russian civil society should be the state policy in the youth sphere, based on creating conditions for the broad implementation of the potential of young citizens in generating their own future and the future of the sovereign Russian state.

Public policies and the professional training of young people in rural areas: An integrative review

In recent years, researchers have studied the category of rural youth, that is, young citizens who have chosen to live in rural areas. The objective of the study was to identify, through an integrative literature review, public policies for access to education and professionalization of rural youth in the Brazilian context. The hypothesis is that public policies aimed at the rural environment allow rural youth access to teaching and learning and qualify them for the job market. As a methodological strategy, an integrative review research was used. Data collection was carried out in April and May 2022. In all, there were 14 works analyzed in this study. In addition, works with a time interval of 13 years, from 2009 to 2022, were considered. It is concluded that the objective of the article was achieved, since, through the analysis of the documents, it was possible to identify the public policies, as well as the programs of access to education and professionalization of rural youth in the Brazilian context, such as PRONAETC, PRONAF, EFA and CEFET.

Gender Gaps in Political Ambition on Different Levels of Policy-Making

Lay Summary Women consistently report lower levels of nascent political ambition than men. In this study, we investigate whether these gender differences occur to the same extent across local, national and European levels of policy-making. Using original data collected among a representative sample of young Flemish citizens aged between 18 and 35 (N = 1000), our descriptive results demonstrate a significant gender gap across all levels of policy-making, though the gap is slightly smaller at the local level. Stacked multivariate analyses confirm women’s lower levels of political ambition and show that the gender gap is significantly smaller at the local level compared with the European (but not the national) level, pointing to women’s lower levels of ambition for the European level.

Chinas Labor Market Dynamics under Covid-19 Pandemic: Youth, Adult, and Overall

At the end of 2019, COVID-19 suddenly emerged in various countries around the world. Its rampant global spread has resulted in immeasurable loss and effect for most nationalities and citizens. Unfortunately, the indeterminacy elements of economic development and environment increased dramatically especially in China caused by the pandemic situation, the depression of economy further highlighted contradiction of the employment structure. Citizens of different ages faced divergent challenges like staff reduction, great competitive pressure of obtaining occupation, and so on. As a consequence, diverse elevation of unemployment rate occurred in all citizens, youths, and adults respectively. In this article, three divergent unemployment rates for overall citizens, youths, and adults respectively are selected and the data from January 2018 to October 2022 are extracted. This research applies ARIMA Model to structure and analyze data in order to study the scope of addition and subtraction of three separate unemployment rates on account of serious pandemic. Meanwhile, based on the prediction of future trend of Chinas unemployment rates from January 2022 to October 2022 and contrasting it with the actual data, it can be seen obviously that over unemployment rate increases dramatically as a result of pandemic, and the most heavily affected part is one in young citizens. Finally, this paper furnishes referential recommendations for pandemic policy in economic progress and employment aspects.

Новации в преподавании дисциплины «Финансы»

The article examines the implemented innovations in the teaching of the discipline "Finance" and highlights the experience of applying a practice-oriented, integration-active approach to teaching a discipline previously classified as theoretical. The purpose of the introduction of innovations is to form students' professional competencies, practical integral skills and abilities in the financial sphere, to educate young citizens of the country not indifferent to the formation and expenditure of centralized public funds and personal funds. The methodological basis for the development and materialization of innovations was made up of theoretical searches of research teachers and the author's experience in the use of traditional and modern innovative teaching technologies. The article outlines the order and organization of the educational process in financial discipline and the order of formation of professional skills and abilities in it through various forms of classes and pedagogical innovations. Relying on methods of comparative analysis of existing educational and methodological developments in the field of teaching and synthesis of researchers' conclusions, their systematization and generalization made it possible to develop an effective innovative pedagogical technology of collective learning in the form of an open interdisciplinary corporate seminar-discussion. The article reveals the methodology of the seminar-discussion and substantiates the importance of traditional pedagogical techniques for the introduction of progressive educational communications with operational feedback. It is emphasized that the involvement of students in the process of self-learning and mutual learning increases their interest in developing integral skills in general in the field of training. As a result, it was revealed that in order to ensure the quality of education, it is necessary to combine work in the classroom with training in an electronic information and educational environment when conducting training sessions in the classroom.

Exploration of individual factors influencing self‐reported household food waste in Australia

AbstractFood losses and waste (FLW) is a global problem. Because household FLW is one of the biggest contributors to total FLW, strategies are being implemented to reduce per capita FLW in many countries. The present research contributed to this goal by investigating individual factors influencing self‐reported household food waste in Australia. Using a web survey, data were obtained from 847 consumers. The average per capita food waste corresponded to 339 g/week and the median to 180 g/week. The most frequently wasted food categories were fresh vegetables and salads, fresh fruit, and bread. The percentage of participants reporting having disposed of these categories ranged between 45.9% and 65.9%. Although socio‐demographic characteristics have been identified as relevant influencers of household food waste, the evidence is still inconclusive about the strength of their effects. Results from the present work identified significant effects of age and household size. For the former, the amount of per capita household food wasted tended to reduce with participants' age. Regarding the effect of household size, per capita food waste decreased with the number of people in the household. The present research also explored the effect of a series of psychological factors on the amount of food waste and five hypotheses derived based on the postulates of theories of consumer behavior were supported.Practical applicationsThe association between the amount of food waste reported by participants and their intention to engage in food waste reduction behaviors and the positive effect of awareness on behavioral intention suggest the potential of communication campaigns to trigger behavioral change. Males and younger citizens should be targeted in such campaigns given their lower awareness compared with females and older citizens.

Отношение российской молодежи к СВО: влияние медийных практик

According to social surveys, the majority of Russian society as a whole supported the President’s decision to hold the special military operation (in what follows, the SMO). However, the level of this support appeared to be different for different social groups. It turned out, for example, that, compared with society in general, young people perceived the outbreak of hostilities more skeptical and critical. In this regard, this article is devoted to the analysis of the features and factors of formation of such an attitude of young people towards the SMO. Among other things, the views of young people about the causes of the outbreak of the conflict, its perpetrators and possible solutions are considered; the reaction of young citizens of the country to the entry into Russia of four new subjects, partial mobilization, as well as those who evade it is presented. Patterns are indicated according to which people’s media preferences affect the nature of their assessments of events within the framework of SMO. Probable reasons for the more skeptical attitude of the younger generation to what is happening are identified, and possible options for its further transformation in the short and long terms are indicated.

Mind the Gap: Uneven and Unequal Experiences of Youth Citizenship

AbstractWhile the field of youth citizenship has grown in recent years, many ‘gaps’ still exist. This commentary paper takes a critical look at three of these gaps in youth citizenship studies, namely (i) the Global North/Global South gap in understandings about youth citizenship, (ii) the citizenship status and empowerment gap, and (iii) the citizenship opportunity and participation gap. The paper argues that unless these gaps are attended to, we have a distortion in what we know about youth citizenship as the understandings and young people profiled (predominantly the Global North, elite, White and well resourced) represent only a small subsection of the whole, thus ignoring the experiences, knowledge, stories and voices of many diverse young citizens.

Who Substitutes Service for Politics? Assessing the Roles of Youth and Partisan Alienation in Americans’ Forms of Civic Engagement

Political scientists have long expressed concern about citizens who focus their civic activity on community service, seemingly treating it as a substitute for political involvement. Proposed explanations for this phenomenon portray it as popular among young adults. They also speculate that a politics dominated by two ideologically polarized, uncivil, and chronically gridlocked parties may cause citizens who do not feel they have or want a place on those partisan teams to avoid the arenas in which they fight. Few large and representative studies, however, examine how citizens allocate their civic activity between service and political action. Using the 2016 American National Election Study, I find that signs of alienation from the country’s major political parties increase the likelihood that citizens limit their activity to service, making a substitution scenario plausible. More commonly, however, rising partisan alienation predicts a shift in political involvement from electoral to non-electoral forms. Younger citizens are surprisingly less likely than their elders to specialize in service.

Political Perceptions and Values of the Russian Youth in the Context of Their Historical and Cultural Foundations

The category of the Russian state has become the central analyzed concept of the research presented in the article. The subject of the analysis was also the political perceptions of the values of patriotism, directly related to the image of the state. The article was written based on the results of a representative survey of Russian youth conducted in the fall of 2022 (sample size 2500 people). Based on the analysis of the survey results, some conclusions were drawn by the authors about the specific features of the image of the Russian state in the minds of young citizens, as well as the main trends in understanding the value category of patriotism associated with it. Among the features and peculiarities of the perception of the state, such characteristics as the simultaneous presence of alienation and paternalism, which have a significant impact on the understanding of the other categories under study, were highlighted. The authors note that in the minds of the younger generation there are no understandable or clear images, behavioral patterns that would correspond to the idea of patriotic behavior. This approach to understanding and interpreting these most significant categories that determine the process of self-identification and the formation of the unity of the nation is dangerous as a possible object of manipulation by external and internal enemies of Russia.

Meaning, relationships, identities: An exploration of motive and intent in early childhood literacies

Young children encounter a diverse range of written and multimodal texts in their play and everyday lives. Prior to formal education, children may not be considered ‘readers’ or ‘writers’ in the conventional sense, yet nonetheless, they engage creatively and agentively in everyday literacies. However, little is known about the motives and intentions of our youngest citizens in their activity with text. This paper reports a sub-section of findings from a wider ethnographic involving 3 to 4-year-olds, their families and practitioners at their early childhood setting. Data gathering and analysis were shaped by two distinct theoretical lenses, namely, the neo-Vygotskian concept of perezhivanie and posthumanist affect theories. The study findings are exemplified through two vignettes extracted from data, which illustrate how children’s motives and intent in their everyday encounters with text are underpinned by three overarching and interrelated goals – to make meaning, make relationships and make identities. In addition, building on posthumanist literacy research, this paper considers the nature and emergence of motive and intent in everyday literacies. The study provides more textured understandings and accounts of young children’s everyday encounters with a diverse range of texts.

Fear generation in the multimodal communication of sexual and reproductive health to Malaysian adolescents

There has been much debate about the state of sexuality education in Malaysia which is heavily influenced by conservative cultural and religious attitudes. To better understand the scenario, this study examines how sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) education is communicated multimodally to adolescents via printed and digital promotional materials. These materials were produced by the three main responsible agencies: the National Population and Family Development Board, the Ministry of Health Malaysia and the Federation of Reproductive Health Association Malaysia. Adopting Kress and Van Leeuwen’s visual grammar framework in Reading Images (1996) with a focus on visual composition, social actor analysis and viewer positioning, the materials were found to predominantly address Malay teenagers and carry fear-based messages about abstinence and the consequences of committing zina (a Malay word for illicit sexual relations). Custom and conformity rather than expert legitimation and trust in the social and health authorities dominate local sexual health education. The authors argue that contraception should be advocated through a discourse of health and social risk mitigation and responsible gender roles while respecting cultural and moral obligations. Adolescents also have a right to be informed about options appropriate to their own circumstances in line with Target 3.7 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Locally, such recommendations would contribute to Malaysia’s Shared Prosperity Vision 2030 and Twelfth Malaysia Plan which seek to improve the well-being of young citizens through targeted education and public services.

A ‘good’ neoliberal citizen: A policy analysis of conceptions of young Singaporean citizens

Globalisation has driven the pursuit of more active citizenship forms. Many governments see educational policies as critical to preparing young citizens with the necessary skills, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours to thrive in a changing global context. However, what active citizenship education is and means varies across countries. Little is known about how active citizenship is conceptualised in educational policies in Singapore and the kinds of citizens these policies and programmes aim to nurture. This article draws on an analysis of 20 Singapore policy texts, such as political speeches, press releases, and curriculum documents, to examine the kind of Singaporean citizens the Singapore government seeks to nurture. We argue that globalisation provides a critical context for local conceptualisations of citizenship, but the active Singapore citizen is not an individualistic nor a universal neoliberal citizen subject. In line with Asian conceptions of citizenship, which posit that ‘good’ people make good citizens, active citizenship in Singapore has a prevailing focus on ‘good’ character and an active citizen who prioritises the well-being of the collective, yet caught in a paradoxical pursuit of a neoliberal citizen.

Spatial analysis of Lithuanian youth turnout: Results of 2016-2020 parliamentary elections

The paper analyses spatial differences in voter turnout during the 2016 and 2020 Lithuanian Parliament elections. The article delves into the problem of spatial differentiation of young voter turnout, paying special attention to the most segregated metropolitan regions. The relationship between youth turnout and changes in the support of individual parties in different polling units is also sought. The results show that the voting activity of young citizens depends on their political preferences towards right-wing parties. Political preferences and turnout are polarised in central and peripheral regions and new political players such as the Freedom Party can influence young residents’ political behaviour.

Juxtaposing violent extremism and critical radicalism in Europe: the role of reflexive awareness in pursuit of religious purity and cultural essence

ABSTRACT Employing an approach that focuses on three goals of ideology-making (i.e. resolving grievances, seeking status, socialization), this study explores the reflexive boundaries between (1) 68 individual representations of violent ‘Jihadi’ and ‘right-wing’ extremism in Europe, and (2) 130 young adult European citizens who pursue religious purity or cultural essence. Having identified the latter as a pool of ‘critical radicalism’ in the current political context, the study juxtaposes violent and non-violent radicalizations by challenging two interrelated assumptions. The first is the sameness assumption: those who use a similar repertoire are unified by their similarity. The second is the continuum assumption: radicalism will eventually lead to violence, given that ‘radicalization’ discursively implies a shift towards promoting or carrying out violent behaviour. Drawing on comparisons between interview and media narratives, I argue that violent extremism and critical radicalism part ways while developing reflective methods to evaluate grievances, reclaim agency in response to status losses, and align social bonds with the ideology. The conceptual divergence indicates several fault lines between ideological simplicity and completeness and relates to individuals’ self-awareness in (re)making the ideology rather than a given ideology. This concluding remark has implications for the value of reflexive awareness in democracies.

Higher Education as a Space for Forming the Values of United Europe

The research is focused on the role of higher education in the development of European values among applicants for higher education, in particular the role of international projects that contribute to active European citizenship and spread the fundamental values of the European Union. The article uses the method of modeling and substantiation of the model of the development of European values among future PhDs during a Jean Monnet Module of the Erasmus+ program called “University autonomy in the development of democratic values in higher education: The experience of the EU Member states for Ukraine” at Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University. The model contains four structural blocks that specify the goal, tasks, methodological approaches, principles, content of structural components, forms, methods, means, stages, functions, pedagogical conditions, and expected results. The study is aimed at developing European values in graduate students as young scientists and teachers of higher education institutions – who will become agents of qualitative changes and help establish the principles of democracy in the academic community – and deepening European integration. The results of the study are presented in the broad public discourse of Ukraine, confirmed by the data of sociological studies on European integration in Ukrainian citizens’ value orientations, accelerated by the large-scale russian military invasion of Ukraine. Since sociological studies indicate a certain fragmentation of European values instead of an integral whole in the perception of the respondents, we believe that institutions of higher education themselves are an important element that builds the state and society on the basis of European values and that international projects implemented at universities contribute to the European integration of Ukraine and the formation of the values of a united Europe in young citizens.

Can low-cost, scalable, online interventions increase youth informed political participation in electoral authoritarian contexts?

Young citizens vote at relatively low rates, which contributes to political parties de-prioritizing youth preferences. We analyze the effects of low-cost online interventions in encouraging young Moroccans to cast an informed vote in the 2021 elections. These interventions aim to reduce participation costs by providing information about the registration process and by highlighting the election's stakes and the distance between respondents' preferences and party platforms. Contrary to preregistered expectations, the interventions did not increase average turnout, yet exploratory analysis shows that the interventions designed to increase benefits did increase the turnout intention of uncertain baseline voters. Moreover, information about parties' platforms increased support for the party closest to the respondents' preferences, leading to better-informed voting. Results are consistent with motivated reasoning, which is surprising in a context with weak party institutionalization.

Аксиологические ориентиры в социальной рекламе для российской молодежи

<p>This study aims to clarify the role of axiology in advertising. The axiological component has been considered in the composition of social advertising for young people in present-day Russia. The materials of the analysis (including linguistic analysis) of advertising messages published in the official Telegram channel of the Federal Agency for Youth Affairs (Rosmolodezh) for the first semester 2023 are presented. The results make it possible to point to a number of relevant and socially significant values, which are formed in the minds of the readers of this information source and young citizens of the Russian Federation. It is noted that there is a need for interdisciplinary research to determine the cognitive impact of advertising on consumers.</p>

Toxicity of Cancel Culture and Performance of Radicalism among Young People in Nigeria

Drawing on Alfred Schutz’s Social Action Theory, which problematizes the notion of Relevance Systematic Functioning for guided orientation and impactful interpretation influencing the process of becoming a participant in an emerging lifestyle and a new culture by young people, this study investigates ‘cancel culture’—a form of social media activism—and its collective consciousness among Nigerian youth. The study targets young citizens who own and regularly operate Twitter accounts. While the study is guided by an exploratory research design, mixed-method procedures were employed. The qualitative technique adopted 6 Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) as a precursor to the quantitative approach, which randomly interviewed 302 individuals selected in two purposively selected states of Lagos, Rivers, and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja. The findings indicated that youth identify and affiliate with the cancel culture phenomenon, relating the practice to their lifestyle and identity. It also establishes that cancel culture reflects youth boredom and natural, spontaneous human reactions to the need for justice, which has created an atmosphere of mob justice.

Prevention of the extremism and terrorism among the youth of the Kirov region as an important sphere of educational activity of the Vyatka State Agrotechnological University

Introduction. The group of young citizens is the most vulnerable to negative influences of radical movements and organizations associated with developing and spreading extremism and terrorism.Purpose setting. In this regard, required organization of preventive work to resist extremist manifestations and the threat of terrorism among the youth of the Kirov region.Methodology and methods of the study. To achieve the task at the first stage, the authors have studied the psychological and pedagogical, sociological literature on this problem. At the second stage, the program of multifaceted events among student youth of the city of Kirov and the Kirov region has been created to prevent the emergence of extremist manifestations.Results. In 2021, the university held more than 300 educational and cultural events aimed at developing youth»s rejection of the terrorism ideology and instilling in them traditional Russian spiritual and moral values. For this purpose more than 400 experts – representatives of religious and public organizations, figures of culture and art have been invited.Conclusions. The basic principles of organizing the preventive work by the university, the thoughtfulness of all the educational activities, interaction of the university management with various organizations of the Kirov region made it possible to create the favorable conditions for resisting extremism and terrorism among the youth.