Yield Of Shallot Research Articles

Pengaruh Pemberian Vermikompos dan Pupuk KNO3 terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium Ascalonicum L.) pada Lahan Kering

The use of dry land for shallot cultivation in Indonesia is still not optimal because it is considered as land that has no good potential for crop cultivation. Dry land problems include limited availability of water, low organic matter and soil nutrients, especially potassium. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the response of vermicompost and KNO3 fertilizer to the growth and yield of shallots on dry land. The experimental design used a factorial randomized block design, doses of vermicompost (5 tons/ha, 10 to/ha, and 15 tons/ha) and KNO3 fertilizer doses (0 kg/ha, 114 kg/ha, and 228 kg/ha). Parameters observed included plant height, number of leaves per hill, number of tubers per hill, tuber diameter, weight of fresh tubers per hill, weight of stored dry tubers per hill, and tuber moisture content. The results showed that the interaction between the application of 10 tons/ha of vermicompost and 114 kg/ha of KNO3 fertilizer had a significant effect on the parameters of fresh tuber weight per clump and dry tuber weight stored per clump. The single treatment of vermicompost at a dose of 15 tons/ha had a significant effect on plant height, number of leaves per hill, fresh tuber weight per hill, and dry tuber weight stored per hill. Single treatment with KNO3 fertilizer dose of 228 kg/ha had a significant effect on the weight of fresh tubers per clump and the weight of stored dry tubers per clump.

APLIKASI PEMBERIAN KOMPOS TITONIA DAN PUPUK GRAND-K TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN SERTA PRODUKSI TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) PADA TANAH GAMBUT

Application of titonia compost and Grand-K fertilizer on growth and production of shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) on peat soil has been conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Islam Riau starting from June to August 2021. This is research aimed to know the effect of interaction and each of the main factors of Titonia compost and Grand-K fertilizer on the growth and yield of shallots in peat. The design used in this study is completely randomized design (CRD) factorial consisting of two factors. The first factor is the doses of Titonia Compost which consists of 4 levels, namely 0, 15, 30, and 45 g per polybag. The second factor is the doses of Grand-K fertilizer which consists of 4 levels, namely 0; 0.40; 0.80 and 1.20 g per polybag. Parameters observed were relative growth rate, plant height, number of tubers per clump, wet tuber weight per clump, tuber diameter, dry tuber weight per clump, dry weight of biomass, measurement of pH and plant nutrient uptake. The observational data were analyzed statistically and continued with further real difference honest test at the 0,05 level. The results showed that the interaction of titonia compost and Grand-K fertilizer was significant on the parameters of the number of tubers per clump, wet weight of tubers per clump, dry weight of tubers per clump and dry weight of biomass. Combination The best treatment was the dose of titonia compost 45 g/polybag and Grand-K fertilizer 0.80 g/polybag. The main effect of titonia compost was significant on all observed parameters. The best treatment was the dose of titonia compost 45 g/polybag. The main effect of Grand-K fertilizer dose was significant on all observation parameters. The best treatment was a dose of 0.80 g/polybag Grand-K fertilizer.

Survival Rate, Disease Incidence, and Yield of Shallots by Seed Priming and Application of Tithonia Compost Enriched with Gliocladium virens

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of seed priming with Moringa leaf extract (MLE) and the application of Tithonia compost enriched with Gliocladium virens on survival rate, disease incidence, and yield components of shallot. This research was carried out from September to December 2022 at the Teaching Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University. The study was conducted with a factorial design of two factors with three replications. The first factor was seed priming, consisting of unprimed hydropriming, 12.5% MLE, 25% MLE, and 37.5% MLE. The second factor is the dose of compost, composed of 0 t/ha, 5 t/ha, 10 t/ha, and 15 t/ha. All data were evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s multiple means comparison to determine statistical differences between treatments at the 95% confidence level. The results showed that seed priming with MLE and Tithonia compost enriched with Gliocladium virens affected the percentage of surviving seedlings after transplanting. Alone, seed priming with MLE at a concentration of 37.5% and application of Tithonia compost at a dose of 15 t/ha had the best effect on the number of bulbs per plant, bulb weight, bulb diameter and bulb production. Furthermore, adding Tithonia compost enriched with Gliocladium virens reduced the incidence of Fusarium wilt. As a result, the use of MLE as a priming agent and the addition of Tithonia compost enriched with Gliocladium virens is recommended.

Growth performance and yield of shallot result from different Trichoderma sp. Formulation and applications

The production of shallots has been decreasing, one of the factors causing it is soil degradation that caused by the continuously use of chemicals. Thus damaging the soil and killing natural enemies. Soil improvement can be done by adding organic material, minerals, and optimizing the function of biological agents. Trichoderma sp is one of the biological agents that has the ability to degrade soil. This study aimed to determine the effect of Trichoderma form and different application methods on the growth and yield of shallots. The location of the research was in Maku village, Sigi district, Central Sulawesi, from November 2020 to January 2021. The research method used a separate plot design with four replications, where the main plot was the form of Trichoderma sp. (T), which consists of three levels, namely, T1 = liquid (60 ml/bed) and T2 = solid (12 g/bed). The size of the bed is 3 m x 1 m while the sub-plot was the application (C), which consists of three levels, namely C0 = without giving; C1 = bulb straight to the ground; C2 = mix with manure. The results showed that the treatment of Trichoderma sp has a significant effect on plant height and number of leaves, but was not significantly different in way of application. While the interaction of the two treatments have a significant effect on the performance parameters. However, in the yield component, the treatment form and way of application did not show a significant difference. Overall, the best treatment combination was Trichoderma sp in solid form mixed with manure.

Increasing the growth and yield of shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group) by using Methyl Jasmonic Acid (MeJA) concentrations under drought condition

Drought is one of the limiting factors for plant production, and there is a continuous demand for drought tolerant plants. Shallots are considered a shallow-rooted crop and have been reported to have little tolerance to drought conditions. One of the efforts to increase plant tolerance to drought conditions is through the addition of Methyl Jasmonic Acid (MeJA). MeJA is involved in several physiological and biochemical procedures in plant growth and development. Application of MeJA can increase the plant tolerance to drought conditions through chlorophyll synthesis, stomatal conductivity, transpiration, net photosynthetic rate and biomass production. This research was conducted in a complete randomized block design with three replications to determine the response of shallot plants to the application of MeJA (0 µM, 25 µM, 50 µM and 100 µM) under drought conditions, which was simulated through the frequency of watering (once daily, every other day, once in three days). Soil water content calculated before the watering treatment was 24.45%, 20.34% and 18.45% for watering once daily, every other day, once in three days, respectively. The results showed that the addition of MeJA played a role in enhancing the growth and productivity of shallot plants under normal and drought conditions. Application of 50 µM of MeJA could increase the Water Use Efficiency, maintain the Relative Water Content, increase the width of stomatal aperture, and increase the leaf area and Leaf Area Index. This also led to increasing Net Assimilation Rate and Plant Growth Rate. Application of 50 µM of MeJA gave in increasing bulb productivity and reached 7.86 ton.ha-1, which was 58.2 % higher than that of in control (without MeJA application). Application of MeJA to shallot plants exhibited avoiding type of physiological tolerance.

Effectiveness of water hyacinth compost and N, P, K, S fertilizer on S-available, S uptake, protein content, and yield of shallot in Inceptisols from Jatinangor

. Water hyacinth ( Eichhornia crassipes ) is a source of organic matter that can be used as compost to improve the soil quality and productivity of shallots. Shallots are horticultural commodities that have various benefits. Inceptisol soils dominate Indonesia, with an area of 37.5% of Indonesia's land area but have low soil fertility. Soil fertility can be increased by optimal fertilization. This experiment aimed to determine the dose of water hyacinth compost and nitrogen (N), phosphor (P), potassium (K), sulfur (S) fertilizer which gave the best effect on increasing available S, S uptake, protein content, and yield of shallots. The experiment was conducted from July to October 2021 at the Experimental Garden of the Laboratory of Soil Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor. The experiment used a Randomized Block Design, consisting of seven treatments repeated four times. The recommended fertilizer doses used are 200 kg Urea, 500 kg ZA, 300 kg SP-36, and 200 kg KCl. The compost used was water hyacinth compost at a 25 t/ha dose. The results of this experiment showed that the treatment of ¾ compost + ¾ doses of N, P, K, and S was the best in increasing available S (26.79 mg kg -1 ), S uptake (7.03 mg/plant), protein content (0.95%), colors and shallot yield (number of tubers, fresh weight, and dry weight) on Inceptisols from Jatinangor.

Response of Growth and Yield of Shallots (Allium cepa L.) in Dry Land on the Application of Smart K – Drip Fertigation

This study aimed to determine the effect of various doses of Smart K-Drip Fertigation on the growth and yield of shallots (Allium cepa L.) in dry land. The field research was arranged in a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) consisting of one factor with 4 replications. The treatments were Control (Conventional/without Smart K-Drip Fertigation), K50 (Smart K-Drip Fertigation with a K-fertilization dose of 50% of the recommendation), K75 (Smart K-Drip Fertigation with a K-fertilization dose of 75% of the recommendation), K100 (Smart K-Drip Fertigation with a K fertilizer dose of 100% of the recommendation), K125 (Smart K-Drip Fertigation with a K fertilizer dose of 125% of the recommendation), and K150 (Smart K-Drip Fertigation with a K fertilizer dose of 150% of the recommendation ). The results showed that the dose of Potassium (K) 75% with the application of Smart K-Drip Fertigation gave the best results on shallot growth and yield parameters, and showed that fertilization with drip fertigation was more efficient than conventional fertilization. In conclusion, it can be stated that the use of Potassium in shallots can be reduced by 25% by fertilizing with drip fertigation in dry land.

Growth and Yield of Shallots at various Plant Spacing in Ultisol Dry Land

Plant spacing was one method that could be used to boost plant populations. In order to increase shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) production and productivity on less-than-ideal ground, such as dry land in Jambi. This study aimed to examine the effects of various plant spacing on the growth and yield of shallots and to obtain plant spacing that provides the best shallot growth and yield. This research was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jambi. The design used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of four treatments with six replications. The treated plant spacing was:10 cm x 10 cm; 15 cm x 15 cm; 15 cm x 20 cm; and 20 cm x 20 cm. Various plant spacing affected the shallot growth and yield, and a plant spacing of 15 cm x 15 cm provided better growth and yield compared to any other plant spacing, with the number of leaves per plant, the weight of bulbs per clump, and the weight per bulb of 22, 49, 49.84, and 13.94 g successively.

Moonlight and Rainfall Influence Efficacy of Sex Pheromones in Controlling Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Shallot

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is one of the horticultural commodities that have high economic value in Indonesia. The caterpillar, Spodoptera exigua Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is an important pest of shallot crops which decreases both production and yield quality. Farmers commonly spray pesticides to control S. exigua. This can cause negative impacts on the environment and farmers’ health. Therefore, environmentally friendly control measures need to be implemented. Use of sex pheromone traps can be an alternative in controlling S. exigua. This research aims to study the effect of moonlight and rainfall on the number of male imagos of S. exigua captured in sex pheromone traps and to study the correlation of the number of S. exigua imagos captured on the percentage of infested leaves and shallot yield. This study was conducted from March to June 2016 in Labuhan Lombok Village, East Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) Province, Indonesia. Sex pheromone traps were randomly set on 12 shallot cultivation plots (Super Phillips variety). The number of male moths caught was recorded every 3-4 days, and then at the end of observations the percentage of infested leaves was determined. The number of captured male imagos of S. exigua had a significant linear relationship with the percentage of infested leaves and shallot yield with the correlation coefficient values of -0.607 and 0.829 respectively. The application of sex pheromone traps to control S. exigua on shallot, during moonlight and rainfall, has the potential to decrease both insecticide and production cost and to increase farmers’ income.

Efek Pemberian Kompos dan Biochar terhadap Pertumbuhan Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) True Shallot Seed Pada Typic Hapludults

The research was aimed to determine the growth of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) from true shallot seed (TSS) by giving compost and biochar in Typic Hapludults soil. This research was conducted at the Greenhouse and Laboratory of Soil and Agroclimate, Agriculture Faculty, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University and conducted on November 2020 to January 2021. This research used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) consisted of two factors, that were compost and biochar dosage that mixed into the suboptimal soil. The first factor was the dosage of compost (K) which consisted of 3 levels, that were 12.5 tonnes/ha (k1), 25 tonnes/ha (k2), and 37.5 tonnes/ha (k3). The second factor was the dosage of biochar (B) which consisted of 3 levels of experiment, namely 7.5 tonnes/ha (b1), 10 tonnes/ha (b2), and 12.5 tonnes/ha (b3). The results showed there was no interaction between the application of compost and biochar to suboptimal soil on the growth and yield of shallot. Giving biochar of 7.5 tonnes/ha had a significant effect on the parameters of the number of leaves at 1 WAP.

The effect of antagonistic microbial and seed bulb-size on fusarium wilt and yield of shallot

The effort to suppress the development of fusarium wilt disease is by a consortium of antagonistic microbes. This study aimed to determine the effect of microbial consortium and bulb size on the development of fusarium wilt disease and the effect on plant resistance of small bulbs to fusarium wilt. This research was conducted on coastal land, Sri Gading Village, Sanden District, Bantul Regency. The experiment used a split-plot with 2 factors : seed treatment and bulb size with 8 treatments. The factors include K1U1: Consortia microbial and small bulbs, K1U2: Consortia microbial and medium bulbs, K1U3: Consortia microbial and big bulbs, K1U4: Consortia microbial and mixed bulbs, K2U1: Without consortia microbial and small bulbs, K2U2: Without consortia microbial and medium bulbs, K2U3: Without consortia microbial and big bulbs, K2U4: Without consortia microbial and mixed bulbs. Data were analyzed statistically SAS (Statistical Analysis System) ANOVA 5% and further tested with DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Distance Test) at the 5% level of significance. The percentage data which is not normally distributed are transformed to transformation arcsin√x. The results showed there was no interaction between the use of microbial consortium and bulb size on the development of fusarium wilt disease and yield of shallot. The giving of consortium antagonists could not increase plant resistance to fusarium wilt and yield. The decline in production is generally related to climate change which has an impact on increasing plant diseases. There is a need for cultivation adaptation in dealing with the effects of climate change.

Organic fertilizer decomposed with biofilm biofertilizer to nutrients status and yield of shallot on acid and alkaline soil

The use of organic fertilizer in organic farming increases carbon sequestration so will reduce CO2 concentration in the atmosphere and impact of global warming. Research aims to study the effect of biofilm biofertilizer (BiO2) formulas and organic fertilizer dosages on soil nutrients status and shallot yield in acid (Alfisol) and alkaline (Vertisol), Experiment was conducted in field with two treatment factors says BiO2 formula (F0, F1, F2, and F3) and doses of organic fertilizer composted with biofilm biofertilizers i.e 0, 10 and 20 tonha-1 (D0, D10, and D20). As a comparison treatment was NPK at a rate of 200 kg urea, 200 kg ZA, 400 kg SP-36 and 250 kg KCl per hectare). The observed variables include available-P, exchangeable-K and shallot bulb weights. Data analyzed by ANOVA followed by DMRT at 95% level confidence. The dose of organic fertilizer increased significantly of observed variables, while the formula of BiO2 was not. The application of organic fertilizer at 20 tonha-1 increased available-P, exchangeable-K and weight of shallot bulbs on Vertisols and Alfisols. Compared to the NPK fertilizer treatment, the application of 20 tonha-1 organic fertilizer provided higher shallot yield on Alfisol soil but lower on Vertisol soil. It need further reseacr to identified the factor causing lower yield on Vertisol.

The effect of cultivation habits on the growth and yield of several shallot varieties

Shallots are strategic horticultural commodities, and climatic conditions strongly influence their growth. In certain seasons, a decline in production is unavoidable, causing price increases at a consumer level and eventually contributing to the rate of inflation. The application of Good Agriculture Practices (GAP) is a strategy that can maintain and increase the productivity of shallots. This study aimed to determine the effect of applying GAP on the growth and yield of shallots in several varieties developed in North Maluku. The research was carried out in Trans Koli SP-1 Village, Oba District, Tidore Islands City, from March – June 2015. The study was arranged in a factorial, the first factor was cultivation habits (GAP and farmer habits), and the second factor was varieties (Topo-1, Topo-2, Super Philips, and Thailand), which used a Randomized Block Design with three replications. Parameters observed were plant growth, the intensity of pests and diseases, yield components and the production of shallot bulbs. The results showed no interaction between cultivation habits and varieties in all parameters, but there were significant differences between the research cultivation habits and varieties in all parameters. The Super Philips variety generally had significantly higher growth and lower intensity of armyworms than the Topo-1, Topo-2, and Thailand varieties. In terms of yield and tuber production, Super Philips and Thailand varieties have significantly higher yields than Topo-1 and Topo-2. The results of this study confirmed that the application of GAP had a better effect on growth, pest intensity, and production of shallots than farmers' habits.

The Effect of Compost and Biochar Fertilizers on The Growth and Yield of Shallots

This study aims to determine the effect of compost and biochar doses and their interactions on the growth and yield of shallots. This research was conducted at the Local Waste Processing Site (TOSS), Kusamba Village, Dawan District, Klungkung Regency, Bali Province. The design used in this study was a factorial randomized block design (RAK) consisting of 2 factors. The first factor is the treatment of compost dose (K) which consists of 3 levels, namely: K1 = 5 tons ha-1, K2 = 10 tons ha-1, and K3 = 15 tons ha-1. While the second factor is the dose of biochar (B) which consists of 3 levels, namely: B1 = 5 tons ha-1, B2 = 10 tons ha-1, and B3 = 15 tons ha-1. The interaction between compost treatment with biochar had a significant (P<0.05) effect on the fresh weight of tubers per clump and fresh weight of rhizomes per clump, and a very significant effect (P<0.01) on the number of tubers per clump, but not significant (P≥0.05) to other variables. The compost dose treatment had no significant effect (P≥0.05) on all observed variables except for the maximum number of leaves. Biochar dose treatment had a significant to a very significant effect on the variables of maximum leaf number, fresh weight of tubers per clump, the oven-dry weight of tubers per clump, and oven-dry weight of tubers per clump, and had no significant effect (P≥0.05) on other variables. The interaction between compost 5 tons ha-1 and biochar 10 tons ha-1 (K1B2) gave the highest fresh weight of tubers per clump of 100.00 g which was significantly different or increased by 38.60% compared to the lowest fresh weight of tubers per clump at the interaction of compost 5 tons ha-1 with biochar 15 tons ha-1 (K1B3) is 72.15 g.

The Effect of Compost and NPK Fertilizers on The Growth and Yield of Shallots

This study aims to determine the effect of compost fertilizer and NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of Shallots. This research was conducted at the Local Waste Processing Site, Kusamba Village, Klungkung. This experiment used a randomized block design (RBD) with a factorial pattern consisting of 2 factors. The first factor was the dose of compost (T) consisting of 3 levels, namely: 5-ton ha-1 (T1), 10-ton ha-1 (T2), and 15-ton ha-1 (T3). The second factor is the dosage of NPK fertilizer (M) consisting of 3 levels: (M1) 150 kg/ha-1, (M2) 300 kg/ha-1, (M3) 450 kg/ha-1. The interaction between compost treatment and NPK had a significant (P<0.05) to very significant (P<0.01) effect on all observed variables except fresh weight per clump. The highest fresh weight of tubers was obtained from the interaction between compost 5 tons ha-1 and NPK 150 kg ha-1 (T1M1) giving the highest fresh weight of tubers per clump, 41.44 g, significantly different or an increase of 45.13% compared to the fresh weight of tubers. The lowest per clump was the interaction of 15-ton ha-1 compost with NPK 450 kg ha-1 (T3M3), which was 31.25 g.

Pengaruh Trichoderma harzianum dan Nano Silika Terhadap Penyakit Moler dan Produksi Bawang Merah

<p>Twisted disease is one of the important diseases that can decrease shallot yield.The purpose of this experiment was to examine the effect of the interaction <em>Trichoderma harzianum</em> and nano silica on twisted disease and shallot yield. The research was conducted in Platar, Mangunjiwan, Demak and the Laboratory of Ecology and Plant Production, Faculty of Animal and Agriculture Science, Undip, on April – Agustus 2022. The experimental design used factorial completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor was <em>T. harzianum</em> consisted of three levels (P0 = 0 (control), P1 = 10, and P2 = 20 g plant<sup>-1</sup>). The second factor was nano silica concentration with four levels (S0 = 0, S1 = 1000, S2 = 2000, and S3 = 3000 ppm). The results showed that application of <em>T. harzianum </em>20 g plant<sup>-1</sup> or nano silica 3000 ppm had the lowest disease intensity 2,74 % and 2,48 % observed at 20 days after planting and 11,81 % and 10,81 % observed at 40 DAP. Combination <em>T. harzianum </em>20 g plant<sup>-1</sup> and nano silica 3000 ppm resulted in the highest yield parameters which were tuber diameter (2,370 cm), number of tubers (6 tubers), tuber fresh weight (36,2 g), and tuber dry weight (28,7 g). Treatments of <em>T. harzianum</em> and nano silica did not significantly affect the infection rate and number of leaves, but application of <em>T. harzianum</em> 20 g plant<sup>-1</sup> and nano silica 3000 ppm showed a decrease in twisted disease intensity and the highest shallot yield.</p>

Effect of harvest age and storage duration on viability and vigor of shallot (Allium cepa L.) tubers

Shallot is one of the tuber crops used in human life worldwide. Lembah Palu variety of shallot (LPVS) is the best raw material for the fried shallot industry. The main problem is that tubers have no standard harvest age and storage duration to support these plants' germination and early growth. Therefore, shallots' growth and productivity are influenced by tubers' viability and vigor. This study aimed to investigate the harvest age and storage duration to give the best viability and vigor of shallot tubers. This research was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) factorial and three replications. The first factor was the harvest age of shallots, which consisted of four levels: 60, 65, 70, and 75 days after planting (DAP). The second factor was the storage duration of tubers, which consisted of four levels: 30, 40, 50, and 60 days after harvest (DAH). The harvesting age of 60-65 DAP significantly affected the parameter of germination power, tuber weight loss, and seedling dry weight. Likewise, the storage duration significantly affected the parameter of germination time, germination rate, tuber weight loss, and seedling dry weight. These research findings show that the harvest age of 60-65 DAP and the storage duration of 30 DAH give the best viability and vigor of shallot tuber. Therefore, we suggest that it is necessary to pay attention to tubers' harvest age and storage duration to find their maximal growth and yield of shallots.

Effect of trichoderma formulated with cultivated oyster mushroom waste toward the growth and yield of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.)

The utilization of oyster mushroom waste as an organic fertilizer for onion cultivation in former rice fields frequently encounters soil acidity problems. This experiment aims to determine the effect of administering Trichoderma biofertilizer, formulated with Oyster Mushroom Waste (OMW) on the growth and yield of shallots. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse setting and a completely randomized design with four replications was employed, each experimental unit having six plants. Seeds were planted in a 5 kg capacity polybag containing sterile planting media soil of pH 4.85. The experimental treatments consisted of three types of Trichoderma biofertilizers, each containing a different isolate of the fungi (Tc-Jjr-02, Tc-Pjn-01, and Tc-Clk-02), oyster mushrooms waste fertilizer and the only soil. Each isolates formulated in oyster mushrooms waste through the biofertilizer treatment contained a uniform spore population of 0.375x106 CFU.g-1. Data were collected on plant height, number of leaves per plant, fresh and dry mass of stover, number of tillers per plant, tuber weight, tuber diameter, soil pH, and the population of each Trichoderma isolate at harvest time. The data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The significant differences between treatments were determined using the Honest Significant Difference test at the 5% level. Based on the growth and yield, the amount of increase for each treatment was calculated compared to the treatment of oyster mushrooms waste fertilizer. Subsequently, the types of isolate and their phylogenetic classes were determined. The results showed that the Trichoderma biofertilizer formulated in OMW affected plant height and number of leaves at 7-28 DAP (p<0.05), fresh weight and dry weight of stover, number of tuber shoot, and tuber weight (p<0.01), tuber diameter (p<0.05), soil pH at six weeks after planting and one week before harvest (p<0.05), and also Trichoderma population (p<0.05). These three types of this biofertilizer can increase stover fresh weight of shallot between 13.97-52.05%, dry stover weight 67.76-151.42%, number of tillers 44.75-47.00%, heavy fresh tuber 20.31-28.13%, and tuber diameter 3.13-10.97%. The three isolates of the biofertilizer agent were identical to Trichoderma asperellum, where the Tc-Jjr-02 isolate showed the best performance in assisting the growth and production of shallot plants in acidic soils. Key words: acid soil, growth, oyster mushroom waste, shallots, Trichoderma isolates, yield

Use of Soil Ameliorant And Inorganic Fertilizer to Increase Soil Fertility Phosphorous Concentrations in Plant Tissue, Growth and Yield of Shallot in Dry Land

Sub-optimal land use including dry land in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) has not been optimal due to various land biophysical constraints such as low soil fertility, physical conditions with rough soil texture, and uncertain water availability, so efforts are needed to improve the land condition. . Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) is one of the vegetables that have a high enough potential to be developed in the land. The purpose of this study was to determine the interaction of various soil enhancers and doses of inorganic fertilizers on growth, tuber yield, and P content of shallot plants in suboptimal land. The method used in this research is the experimental method. The experimental design used was a Randomized Block Design which was arranged in a factorial design consisting of two factors. The first factor is a soil amendment, consisting of 4 types, namely: P0= without soil ameliorant; P1= 20 tons ha-1 manure; P2= 5 tons ha-1 biochar; P3= 10 tons ha-1 mushroom baglog waste. The second factor was the dose of NPK fertilizer, consisting of N1=150 kg ha-1; N2 = 300 kg ha-1; N3=450 kg ha-1. Each treatment combination was repeated 3 times. The results showed that there was an interaction between soil amendments and the dose of NPK fertilizer on organic C and soil CEC. But there was no interaction between the growth and yield of shallot bulbs. Soil ameliorant and dose of NPK fertilizer alone affected growth, namely the height and number of leaves of shallot plants. The best treatment for tuber yield was obtained in a combination of an application of 20 tons ha-1 of manure and 450 kg ha-1 of NPK fertilizer. Likewise with the P concentration in the onion plant tissue.

Liquid Organic Fertilizer Test and Tuber Cutting on Shallots (Allium Ascalonicum L.) Growth and Yield

This research aims to analyze the effect of liquid organic fertilizer concentration and bulbs cutting on the growth and the yield of shallots (allium ascalonicum. L). This research was conducted on december 02, 2021 until february 13, 2022 located in a garden plant food and horticulture tohudan, Tanon Lor, Gedongan, Colomadu, Karanganyar, Central Java, with an altitude of 105 m above see level. This research is Complete Random Blok Design (CRBD) factorials. The result showed that cutting tubers (P1) 0,25 a part on the parameters of observation of leaves, number of leaves, the wet weight of biomass, dry weight of biomass, number of tubers planted, number of tubers plot, tuber weight planted showed an increase with increasing LOF, while tuber weight a plot showed a decrease with increasing LOF concentration. The cutting of tubers (P2) 0,33 a part on the parameters of observation of number of leaves, the wet weight of biomass, dry weight of biomass, number of tubers planted, tuber weight planted showed an increase with increasing LOF, while the long narrow leaves, number of tubers plot, tuber weight a plot showed a decrease with increasing LOF concentration. The cutting of tubers (P3) 0,5 a part on the parameters of observation number of tubers planted, number of tubers plot showed an increase with increasing LOF, while the long narrow leaves, of number of leaves, the wet weight of biomass, dry weight of biomass, tuber weight planted, tuber weight a plot showed a decrease with increasing LOF concentration.