Yield Of Cauliflower Research Articles

Studies on conjoint application of nutrient sources and PGPR on growth, yield, quality, and economics of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.)

ABSTRACTThe present experiment was carried out with cauliflower cv. Pusa Snowball K1 in a randomized block design with three replications. The experiment comprised of seven different treatments with different sources of nutrients including organic fertilizers, inorganic fertilizers, and biofertilizers, which were applied following the proper procedures as per treatment. Conjoint use of fertilizers, manures, and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) significantly influenced plant growth and yield attributes of crop. Gross weight (1,267.22 g), curd weight (981.05 g), curd yield (392.45 q/ha), number of days taken to curd initiation (86.17) and curd maturity (94.00) and ascorbic acid content (74.87 mg/100 g) were found best under T5. Also, treatment T5 recorded 42.77% increase in yield over recommended practice (T1) along with highest benefit cost ratio (3.36) and quality (ascorbic acid). From present investigation, it can be concluded that treatment T5 (75% NPK + 50% FYM and 50% VC on N equivalence basis + PGPR) can be suggested as a cost-effective nutrient module for getting higher yield and quality with 25% net saving of fertilizers, besides enhanced soil health as evident by soil fertility status of soil after crop harvest.

Effect of different sources of sulphur on yield and quality of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea) under temperate conditions of Kashmir

A field experiment was conducted to find the effect of different sources and levels of sulphur on yield and quality of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea) under temperate conditions of Kashmir. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three sources of sulphur, viz. elemental sulphur, gypsum and single superphosphate (SSP) and replicated thrice. The plots were given uniform dose of NPK (100:120:60 kg/ha). Gypsum recorded highest plant height, days to maturity, yield attributes and yield as compared to elemental sulphur and SSP; whereas, among the different levels of sulphur, 45 kg S/ha recorded highest value of plant height, days to maturity and yield attributes and yield. Among the quality parameters, ascorbic acid, protein content in curd was significantly higher with application of Gypsum and 45 kg S ha-1, whereas, free nitrate (NO-3) content was significantly lower in SSP (a desirable quality).

Increasing Cauliflower Yields through Fertigation

Cauliflower is one the important vegetable crop in the tropics; the curd contains high fibres, potassium, carotene and vitamin C. However, the production and productivity of cauliflower in Indonesia has been low and cannot meet the demand, resulting in high importation of cauliflowers into Indonesia. Bogor Agricultural University has developed potential lowland cauliflower genotypes, BOB017 and BOB020, with higher productivity. In this study, we evaluated three fertigation methods on the growth, yield and economic returns of the two lowland cauliflower genotypes. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design with four replications. The main plot contained two cauliflower genotypes, BOB017 and BOB020. The subplot was three fertilizer application methods: through drip irrigation, soil drench, and drilled. The results showed that BOB020 had an earlier harvest time (60 days) compared to BOB017 (71 days). The soil drench fertigation method showed the highest curd weight (351.64 g), curd diameter (14.65 cm) and yield (12.39 t.ha-1) compared to the other two fertigation methods. The BOB017 genotype fertilized with soil drench method resulted in the highest B/C ratio (3.32). The study concluded that growing cauliflower using the soil drench method resulted in the optimum growth of cauliflower, high yield and net income.

Influence of micronutrient (boron) for the growth and yield of cauliflower

Influence of micronutrient (boron) for the growth and yield of cauliflower

Influence of micronutrient (boron) for the growth and yield of cauliflower

Influence of micronutrient (boron) for the growth and yield of cauliflower

Effect of weather parameters on the growth and yield of Cauliflower

Weather parameters influence all stages of plant growth and thereby affect the crop productivity. Each crop has its own set of optimum and tolerable environmental conditions under which it can grow efficiently. Knowledge about the relationships between crop growth stages and weather parameters is very important to maximize the production and productivity by adjusting the crop management practices. For a plant to be successful in a given region, the sequences of its growth phases must fit in the climate to ensure good growth and adequate production. Agro-climatological knowledge of individual crops and individual locations is thus very essential. Vegetable crops, the important component of horticulture, assume great significance in providing food and nutritional security. Even though India ranks second in the world production of vegetables (NHB, 2011), the availability of vegetables still continues to be much low below the dietary requirements. There is ample scope to increase the productivity by the development of location and situation specific technologies. But the challenges before us are to produce more from shrinking land and declined water in the scenario of climate change. Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) belonging to the family brassicaceae is one among the most popular vegetable crops cultivated in India. Cauliflower is very sensitive to growing conditions and for the transformation from vegetative to curd initiation phase and for the development of curd, it needs distinct climatic conditions. So, we have to find out the relationships between the magnitude of yield fluctuations and environmental influences of the crop growing season.

Integrated Nutrient Management for Improved Cauliflower Yield and Soil Health

ABSTRACTNutrient management in Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) cultivation is in part dependent on the microbial population in the rhizosphere. Fertilizer must be applied to support plant growth and development. Whether fertilizer usage in cauliflower can be reduced needs to be determined. Rhizospheric isolates of cauliflower, obtained from soil around the roots and from their roots, in the low and mid-hills agro-ecological zones of India were tested for their efficacy to support cauliflower productivity. The plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria SB5, SB8, SB10, and SB11 exhibited the best plant growth–promoting traits with antagonism against soilborne pathogens compared to the reference strain Bacillus pumilus (JN559852). Application of SB11 (Bacillus spp.) exhibited the most plant growth–promoting attributes in field trials at 75% N and P and increased yield by 33% over the uninoculated control at 100% N and P. The isolate SB11 exhibited P solubilization, siderophore production, indole acetic acid production, hydrocyanic acid (HCN) production, and antifungal activity that may be developed as a plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to enhance crop productivity and sustain soil health while saving 25% usage of chemical fertilizers.

Yield and Heavy Metal Content of Wastewater-Irrigated Cauliflower and Soil Chemical Properties

ABSTRACTA two-year field study was conducted to determine the effects on the growth, yield, heavy metal content, and water use of cauliflowers and on the soil chemical properties of irrigation with reclaimed urban wastewaters (filtered, aerated, diluted) by comparing with fresh water under semi-arid climate conditions. Cauliflower curd yield, water use efficiency, and heavy metal contents were found to be the highest in the filtered wastewater application. Cadmium (Cd) content was just over the critical level for human health. Filtered and aerated wastewater applications created higher soil salinity, organic matter, and total nitrogen (N), dipotassium oxide (K2O), and phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) contents. Copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn) contents in the surface soil were also found to be significantly higher. Treated-wastewater irrigation could increase cauliflower yield and water productivity. However, higher heavy metal contaminations under these conditions may increase health risks. Therefore, the diluted wastewater application may be preferred, but it must be utilized while taking human health into account.

Effects of Planting Date and Growth Hormone on Growth and Yield of Cauliflower

An experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from October 2014 to March 2015 to study the effects of planting date and growth hormone on the growth and yield of cauliflower. The experiment consisted of two factors; Factor A: Three planting dates, such as P1: Planting on 1 November; P2: Planting on 15 November and P3: Planting on 1 December; Factor B: Four levels of Growth hormone, such as H0: No Hormone (control); H1: 10 ppm IAA (Indole-3 Acetic Acid); H2: 70 ppm GA3 (Gibberellic Acid) and H3: 10 ppm IAA + 70 ppm GA3. The experiment was laid out following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. In case of planting date, the highest plant height (63.26 cm), number of leaves per plant (24.13), leaf length (59.26 cm), leaf breadth (19.31 cm) at harvest, curd diameter (22.25 cm), marketable yield per hectare (28.11 t ha-1) were recorded from P2 and the lowest of those parameters were recorded from P3. In case of growth hormone the highest plant height (63.10 cm), number of leaves per plant (23.66), leaf length (59.05 cm), leaf breadth (18.98 cm) at harvest, curd diameter (22.39 cm), marketable yield per hectare (29.88 t ha-1) were recorded from H3 and the lowest of those perameters were recorded from H0. Combination of planting date and growth hormone the highest plant height (65.96 cm), number of leaves per plant (26.42), leaf length (63.64 cm), leaf breadth (20.92 cm) at harvest, curd diameter (25.75 cm), marketable yield per hectare (31.03 t ha-1) were recorded from planting on 15 November and 10 ppm IAA with 70 ppm GA3 (P2H3) and the lowest parameters (21.75 t ha-1) were recorded from planting on 1 December and no hormone (P3H0). It is apparent from the above results that the combination of planting on 15 November and 10 ppm IAA with 70 ppm GA3 (P2H3) was more productive from the other combinations.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(2): 143-150 2016

Plastic mulch and indigenous microorganism effects on yield and yield components of cauliflower and tomato in inland and coastal regions of Bangladesh

ABSTRACTProduction gaps exist in vegetable crops at the farm level in inland and coastal regions of Bangladesh and these gaps could be minimized using different innovative/new agricultural technologies and improved crop management practices. The present study was conducted to compare yield, yield components of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), and income of smallholder vegetable farmers within different innovative technology practices (with plastic mulch and indigenous microorganism (IMO) vs. without plastic mulch and IMO) at Baliakandi, Rajbari (inland region); and Dashmina, Patuakhali; and Charfession, Bhola (coastal region) in Bangladesh. Yield and gross margins of cauliflower and tomato with plastic mulch and IMO were higher compared with no plastic mulch and no IMO, regardless of location. At Baliakandi, Rajbari, cauliflower yield with plastic mulch was 42.5 t ha–1, which was a 24.3% improvement over cauliflower yield obtained without plastic mulch (34.2 t ha–1). At Charfession, Bhola, the highest yield of tomato (57.6 t ha–1) was obtained with IMO compared with tomato yield (49.2 t ha–1) without IMO, indicating a 17.1% improvement in yield. Similar trends were obtained at Dashmina, Patuakhali. The difference in gross margin between tomato with and without plastic mulch was US$ 1146 ha–1 at Dashmina, Patuakhali. Similar trends were obtained in other locations. Innovative agricultural technologies have the potential to increase yield and income of smallholder vegetable farmers in inland and coastal regions of Bangladesh.

Physico-chemical attributes of no-till Brassica crops cultivated after various cover crops

ABSTRACT Cauliflower and cabbage require high amounts of nutrients in short periods of time; however, the intensive use of inorganic fertilizers can cause nutritional imbalances in these crops and reduce the quality of the final product. This study evaluated the chemical composition and yield of no-till cauliflower and cabbage grown on residues of various cover crops in Uberaba, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four cover crops (sunn hemp, brachiaria, pearl millet and fallow) and two main crops (cauliflower and cabbage). The treatments were evaluated on plots of 20 m2 with four replications. The following traits were analyzed after harvest: moisture (MO), ash (ASH), lipid (LIP), crude fiber (CF), protein (PTN), carbohydrates (CARB), total soluble solids (TSS), total titratable acidity (TTA), pH, ascorbic acid (AA), head fresh weight (HFW), head dry weight (HDW) and yield. Cauliflower cultivated on sunn hemp residues produced high levels of LIP, PTN, CARB, TSS and TTA, whereas cauliflower cultivated on brachiaria and millet residues demonstrated high AA levels when compared to the treatment with sunn hemp residues. In the aerial part, cabbage presented significantly higher levels of CARB, TTA and AA when cultivated on brachiaria residues, whereas PTN levels were higher on sunn hemp residues. The cultivation of cauliflower and cabbage on cover crop residues affected positively most of the chemical attributes of the evaluated crops when compared to the fallow treatment, although the highest yield and AA levels were observed when the crops were cultivated on brachiaria residues.

English

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of boron fertilization on the quality and yield of cauliflower growing under tropical conditions. The study was carried out in randomized block design in split plot design. The main plots four boron doses (0, 2, 4, 6 kg ha-¹) whereas subplots with 3 cauliflower genotypes (Verona CMS, Sarah and Sharon) with three replicates. Among the genotypes, the higher fresh curd weight means were observed to Sharon followed by Verona and Sarah with 1.007, 0.801 and 0.583kg plant-¹ respectively. In relation to boron doses, genotypes of Sharon, Verona and Sarah showed responsive to boron doses with maximum fresh curd mass of 1.378, 1.216 and 0.804 kg plant-¹ with doses of 6, 4.18 and 4.06 kg B ha-¹. Total yield showed variation up to 307.96% positive with boron added. In contrast, there was observed a high loss ratio in the harvest mainly due to “hollow stem” incidence. Correlations were observed between the incidence of hollow stem, cultivars and boron doses. Analyzing hollow stem disorder between genotypes, Sharon presented higher incidence than Sarah and Verona CMS with values of 88.1%; 73.10% and 66.7%, respectively. Sharon and Verona CMS presented low incidence on the doses of 2 and 4 kg B ha-1 (57.1 and 42.9%) respectively. For Sarah genotype boron dose was not significant whereas 85.7% of the curds were checked with hollow stem disorder. Overall, in this study we can conclude that: (i) Sharon genotype presented the higher productivity, whereas demand more boron fertilization than the other genotypes evaluated; (ii) Under tropical conditions Verona CMS is more tolerant to high temperature than Sarah and Sharon exhibiting more marketable products on postharvest by reducing hollow stem and physiological disorders. Key words: Brassica oleracea, quality, mineral nutrition, tropical horticulture.

Study on effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.)

In order to investigate the effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield components in Cauliflower, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L., cv. Pusa snowball- 16, an experiment was conducted using Randomized Block Design with two replications. The experiment comprised of 14 different treatment combinations comprising of different sources of nutrients including organic, inorganic and bio-fertilizers. The growth parameters like height of plant (12.10, 23.50 cm), number of leaves per plant (9.10, 14.40) and diameter of stem (1.20, 2.10 cm) at 40 and 60 DAT respectively, the days required for curd initiation (62.00 days), days required for curd maturity (85.70 days) and staying period of curd (9.50 days) were observed maximum in treatment combination 75 % RDF + FYM + Azotobacter + Azospirillum (T6). The yield parameters like weight of curd per plot (17.50 kg/plot) and yield per hectare (180.04 q/ha) which was increased 44.10 per cent over RDF. From the studies it can be inferred that the application of 75 % RDF + FYM along with Azospirillum and Azotobactor was found to be the most effective treatment combination for getting enhanced growth and yield in cauliflower.

Influence of Phosphorus and Potassium on Growth and Yield of Cauliflower

Influence of Phosphorus and Potassium on Growth and Yield of Cauliflower

Integrated Approach for Liming and Fertilizer Application on Yield of Cabbage and Cauliflower in Acidic Soil of Sylhet

An experiment was conducted at farming system research and development (FSRD) site, Jalalpur and multi location testing (MLT) sites, Moulvibazar and Zokigonj during 2013-2015 to study the effect of liming and fertilizers levels on the yield of cabbage and cauliflower in acidic soil of Sylhet. Trials were laid out in a factorial randomized block design with six dispersed replications. The treatments of fertilizer managements were M1: soil test based (STB) recommended fertilizer and M2: fertilizer dose practiced by the farmers (FP) and the level of limes were L1:0 t ha-1; L2: 1 t ha-1 and L3: 2 t ha-1. Results revealed that yields of cabbage and cauliflower responded significantly to fertilizer doses, levels of lime, and their combinations in all the locations. Soil test based fertilizer rate (M1-N201, P63, K65, S23, Zn0.5 for cabbage and M1-N157, P57, K116, S20, Zn0.5 Kg ha-1 for cauliflower) gave the maximum head and curd yields of cabbage and cauliflower, respectively. The levels of lime at the rate 2 t ha-1 (L3) provided the highest yields of cabbage and cauliflower in all locations. Dolomite lime @ 2 t ha-1 in combination with recommended fertilizer (M1L3) gave the highest yields and maximum economic returns of cabbage and cauliflower in all locations. However, it was identical with 1 t ha-1 of dolomite lime of similar dose of fertilizer nutrients. Therefore, application of lime at the rate 1 t ha-1 with STB recommended fertilizer management (M1) could be enough for profitable economic returns for cultivating cabbage and cauliflower in strongly acidic soil in Sylhet.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016, 19(1): 49-57

Efficacy of Biopesticides for Management of the Swede Midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)

Management of the swede midge, Contarinia nasturtii Kieffer, in North American crucifer production relies on crop rotation and the timely application of synthetic insecticides, based on pheromone trap monitoring of local adult populations. Organically acceptable formulations of azadirachtin, pyrethrin, and spinosad, and a commercial biopesticide containing the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana, were evaluated for their effects on larval mortality and oviposition deterrence in the greenhouse, and on damage symptoms in the field. In greenhouse trials, pyrethrin and spinosad treatments applied up to 24 h prior to C. nasturtii exposure resulted in significant reductions in oviposition on host plants, whereas azadirachtin and B. bassiana only deterred oviposition when applied 2 h prior to exposure. Spinosad caused the highest larval reduction (∼96%) on cauliflower meristems, while azadirachtin, B. bassiana, and pyrethrin caused significant larval reduction when applied preoviposition and significant mortality when applied postoviposition. Field trials conducted with these insecticides on broccoli in 2011 produced no significant reductions in overall damage levels; however, B. bassiana treatments produced more marketable plants than did the control. In 2013, all treatments significantly reduced overall damage levels and all treatments, except B. bassiana, produced more uninfested and marketable plants than the control. Field applications of these alternative insecticides may be effective in protecting yields of broccoli and cauliflower, when combined with other tactics in an integrated pest management program.

Potentiality of producing summer cauliflower as influenced by organic manures and spacing

The experiment was conducted to find out the effect of organic manures and spacing on the growth and yield of cauliflower in summer season. In this study, the treatment consisted of three organic manures viz. F0: no organic manure, F1: cowdung, F2: vermicompost and three spacing viz. S1 (60 × 30) cm, S2 (60 × 40) cm, S3 (60 × 50) cm. Two factorial experiments were laid out in the RCBD with three replications. Significant variations in all parameter were observed due to organic manure and spacing at different days after transplanting. For organic manure, highest yield of cauliflower (12.98 t ha-1) was obtained from F2 and lowest (8.24 t ha-1) from F0. For spacing, highest yield of cauliflower (11.25 t ha-1) was obtained from S1 and lowest (10.57 t ha-1) from S3. For combined effect, highest yield of cauliflower (13.33 t ha-1) was obtained from F2S1 and the lowest (7.91 t ha-1) from F0S3. The highest BCR (3.79) was found from F2S1 and lowest (2.7) from F0S3. It is found from the experiment that growth and yield of summer cauliflower were positively correlated with organic manure and spacing. However, white beauty cultivars can be cultivated in summer season and use of vermicompost with 60×50 cm spacing would be beneficial for the farmers.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2016, 2(2): 304-317

Cauliflower Yield and Susceptibility to Alternaria Leaf Spot under New York Field Conditions

Twelve commercial cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) varieties were evaluated for horticultural traits and susceptibility to alternaria leaf spot (Alternaria brassicicola) at the New York State Agricultural Experiment Station in Geneva, NY, in 2014 and 2015. Data including total yield, curd weight, curd width, plant height, days to maturity, and length of harvest were collected for each variety. A duplicate trial was planted in each year and inoculated with A. brassicicola, the causal agent of alternaria leaf spot, and the percentage of disease was assessed for each commercial cauliflower variety. Most of the commercial varieties were similar in susceptibility to disease and yield. ‘Artica’ and ‘Apex’ were ranked among the highest yielding varieties each year of the trial. The varieties ‘Graffiti’ and ‘Violet Queen’, both of which produce purple curds, had significantly less alternaria leaf spot compared with other varieties. Differences were seen between the 2 years of the trial in performance of individual varieties as influenced by temperatures during the growing season. This study demonstrates that some cauliflower varieties perform better than others under New York State growing conditions.

Effect of honey bee pollination and curd scooping on seed yield of cauliflower

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of honey bee pollination and curd scooping on seed production of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) cv. ‘Poushali’. Eighteen combinations of treatments comprising three types of pollination viz., open pollination (natural pollination), using bees for pollination inside net (planned pollination) and plants inside net without bees (control) and six kinds of curd scooping viz., 25%, 50% and 75% of curd cutting, cross curd cutting, central curd cutting and no curd cutting (control). Honey bee (Apis cerana L.) was used as pollinator. Seed yield and yield attributes were significantly influenced by both factors and their combinations. Central curd cutting influenced early flowering and siliqua maturity compared to other curd cutting treatments. Planned honey bee pollination was found to inflict maximum impact on the seed production of cauliflower with an increase in seed yield of 45.46% and 23.17% higher over plants grown inside net without bees and open pollination, respectively. Central curd scooping increased 26.52% higher yield than that of no curd cutting treatment. Planned bee pollination and central curd cutting independently as well as in combination gave the maximum yield attributes of seed viz., primary and secondary flower stalks/plant, number of siliquas/plant, length of siliqua, number of seeds/siliqua,1000 seed weight, seed yield and seed germination percent of cauliflower. Planned pollination coupled with central curd cutting gave the maximum seed yield of 607.43 kg/ha in cauliflower.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(2): 251-258, June 2016

Effect of boron and molybdenum on growth, yield and quality of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var botrytis) cv. Snowball 16

The experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Rewa under Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur during the rabi season 2009-2010. The results showed that morphological characters of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var botrytis L.) increased significantly with the different levels of boron and molybdenum at every stage of observation. At 60 DAT, the maximum plant height (34.35 cm), number of leaves/plant (19.45), leaf length (32.02 cm), leaf width (28.31 cm) and stem girth (5.14 cm) were recorded in treatment T9, whereas the minimum plant height (32.50 cm), number of leaves/plant (16.49), leaf length (29.07 cm), leaf width (25.72 cm) and stem girth (4.50 cm) were observed in control treatment T1. Yield and quality parameters were also influenced significantly due to various treatments of boron and molybdenum. The highest curd diameter (18.41 cm), fresh- weight of curd (1.24 kg), yield/ha (400.29 q) and dry matter of curd (11.37 %) were recorded in treatment T9, whereas the lowest curd diameter (15.52 cm), fresh weight of curd (0.69 kg), yield/ha (218.28 q) and dry matter of curd (0.69 %) were found in control treatment T1. The treatment T9 was found significantly superior over all the treatments. The treatment T8 registered the maximum ‘A’ grade curds (52.54%) as well as ‘B’ grade curds (35.20%) and the lowest ‘C’ grade curds (12.26%). This was equally followed by T7 and T9 treatments. The lowest ‘A’ grade curds 46.57% were found in case of control treatment T1, this was followed by T2 giving 46.64% ‘A’ grade curds, 33.09% ‘B’ grade curds and 20.01% C grade curds.