Yield Of Broccoli Research Articles

Role of Humic Acid and Chemical Fertilizer in NPK Concentration, Growth and Yield of Broccoli Under Salinity Conditions

A field experiment was conducted during the winter agricultural season 2020. To study the effect of humic acid and fertilizer recommendation, humic acid was supplied with irrigation water at two levels i.e., 0 and 0.25 gm L-1. Nine levels of the fertilizer recommendation were applied according to the fertilizer recommendation of 92kg N.h-1, 200 kg P. h-1 and 150 kg K. h-1 taking the symbols of F1to F9. The results showed the superiority of the treatments of humic acid application( 0.25 gm l-1) in the traits of plant height, Weight of broccoli head, total yield, nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium concentrations, by giving 32.64 cm, 246.5 gm plant-1, 8.215 tons ha-1, 5.541%, 0.3816%, and 3. 641% respectively, the treatment of adding chemical fertilizer at a level of 125% N + 125% P + % K 125 of the fertilizer recommendation(F2) gave the highest plant height of 36.60 cm, Weight of broccoli head of 269.2 g plant-1, total yield of 8.972 tons H-1, nitrogen concentration 5.817% and concentration Phosphorous 0.3141% compared to treatment F9, while treatment F5 gave the highest potassium concentration 3.893% compared to treatment F9 (1.914%).

Phosphorus and Biofertilizer Application Effects on Growth Parameters, Yield and Chemical Constituents of Broccoli

Broccoli is a popular vegetable throughout the world and contains important nutritional features. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect the fertilization with different phosphorus sources (i.e., soil application of rock phosphate (RP) at 428 kg ha−1, calcium superphosphate (CSP) at 670 kg ha−1, phosphoric acid (PA) at 126 L ha−1 and monoammonium phosphate (MAP) at 334 kg ha−1) combined with biofertilizers (i.e., inoculation with phosphorin or mycorrhiza) on plant growth aspects, antioxidants enzyme activity, chemical constituents, yield and quality of broccoli leaves and heads (Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck). The experiment was performed according to the randomized complete block design with three replications (n = 3), for two growing seasons (2018–2019) at the experimental farm of Benha University, Egypt. The obtained results showed that the highest values of plant height, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of leaves/plant, head weight and diameter, and the highest yield of heads ha−1 were recorded in plants that received MAP fertilizer and were inoculated with mycorrhiza. On the other hand, the highest value of head length, total carbohydrate and total soluble solids (TSS) content were observed in plants fertilized with PA and inoculated with mycorrhiza. The highest leaf nitrogen % and head ascorbic acid content, as well as the lowest head total phenol content were recorded in plants supplemented with MAP fertilizer and inoculated with mycorrhiza. Moreover, broccoli plants fertilized with PA and inoculated with mycorrhiza showed promising results in terms of phosphorus, potassium and total carbohydrate content, antioxidant activity and dehydrogenase activity. In conclusion, phosphorus may affect plant growth, yield and chemical parameters in broccoli plants depending on the fertilizer source, while inoculation with mycorrhiza may also have a beneficial impact on these parameters.

Standardization of fertigation scheduling in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var italica)

Efficient use of water and fertilizer is extremely critical to sustain the agricultural production, in the context of declining per capita land and water availability, pollution and increasing cost of fertilizers. A field experiment was conducted at Vegetable Research Centre of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India during the rabi 2016-17 and 2017-18 to study the effect of fertigation with levels and scheduling on growth, yield and economics of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var italica). The experiment was laid out in two factorial RBD with one additional treatment consisting of five fertigation levels and three fertigation scheduling along with one control (soil application of RDF with flooding) replicated thrice. The outcome of study revealed that fertigation of broccoli with water soluble fertilizer gave significantly higher plant growth, net return and benefit cost ratio as compared to the soil application of RDF with flooding (control). Fertigation treatments registered a significantly higher yield of 13.74 t/ha and it was higher by 15.96% over the conventional method of fertilization (11.85 t/ha).

English

The experiment entitled “Effect of Organic Manures and inorganic Fertilizers on Growth, Yield, Quality and Economics of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) cv. Paraiso” was conducted during Rabi season of the year 2020-2021 on experimental farm of Department of Horticulture, AKS University, Satna (M.P.). The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replicated 12 treatments viz., T1: Control, T2: 100% NPK, T3: 100% NPK +100% FYM, T4: 100% NPK + 100% VC, T5: 100% NPK + 50% FYM, T6: 100% NPK + 50% VC, T7: 100% NPK + Bioinoculant, T8: 100% NPK + 50% FYM + 50% VC, T9: 100% NPK + 50% FYM + Bioinoculant, T10: 100% NPK + 50% FYM + 50% VC + Bioinoculant, T11: 75% NPK + Bioinoculant + 100% FYM, T12: 75% NPK + Bioinoculant +100% VC. The results reveal that increase in nitrogen and Bioinoculant level had significant response on vegetative growth yield and quality of Broccoli. The treatment (T10) with 100% NPK + 50% FYM + 50% VC + Bioinoculant was found to be the best treatment among the different treatments with growth, yield and quality as well as maximum gross return for broccoli under satna condition.

Nitrogen fixation and crop productivity enhancements co‐driven by intercrop root exudates and key rhizosphere bacteria

Abstract Crop diversity management is widely used to increase agricultural productivity and sustainability. Recent studies have demonstrated that maize root exudates can drive interspecific facilitation to enhance N2 fixation of bean in intercropping systems. However, the mechanisms of N2 fixation enhancement stimulated by root exudates in the intercropping systems remain unclear. Four experiments were designed to provide a progressively deeper understanding of how root exudates stimulate microbial‐mediated N2 fixation. First, the effects of faba bean/maize intercropping on yields and soil microbial communities were determined in a field experiment. Second, root‐derived interspecific facilitation was evaluated using a root partitioning approach. Third, the key microbial taxa in the faba bean rhizosphere were traced using 13C‐labelled maize root exudates. Fourth, the co‐driven mechanism of maize root exudates and micro‐organisms in the faba bean rhizosphere were explored. Faba bean/maize intercropping with maize residue return increased the yields of faba bean (26%), maize (27%) and broccoli (9.1%) compared to that under monocropping. Nodulin‐like 4 (NODL4), chalcone‐flavanone isomerase (CFI) and early nodulin‐like (ENODL2) gene expression in faba bean roots intercropped with maize increased by 1.5–2.3‐fold compared to that observed under monoculture. More than half of the N2 fixation of faba bean increase under intercropping was due to interactions with micro‐organisms. Nine key bacterial genera in the faba bean rhizosphere were identified by 13C‐DNA‐based stable isotope probing analysis. Among them Agromyces, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Lysobacter and Paenibacillus directly fix N2, while Gemmatimonas, Heliobacillus, Natronocella and Sorangium increase the N2 fixation capacity of Azotobacter by providing additional carbon sources. These key bacteria triggered by maize root exudates played an important role in the rhizosphere facilitation of intercropping. Synthesis and applications. We demonstrated a novel root–root facilitation of N2 fixation and increased crop yields co‐driven by root exudates and rhizosphere bacteria under faba bean/maize intercropping, and nine key bacteria associated with this process were identified by 13C‐DNA‐based stable isotope probing. We recommend the adoption and optimization of intercropping systems with residue return to reduce the shortcomings of continuous cropping and to increase the sustainability of crop production.

The Study of nutrient removal and implementation of organic farming on broccoli cultivation to anticipate climate change

The excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides continuously has some problems faced by farmers in horticulture cultivation. Implementation of an organic farming system is one way to adaptate climate change for sustainable agriculture, improves soil quality, reducing of the detrimental effect on water quality, and efficient in the use of non-renewable energy. This study aim to determine the level of N, P and K removal, the growth and yield of broccoli on the three kinds of cropping systems in Batur, Getasan-Semarang. The research used a Completely Randomized Block Design with 3 treatments, namely organic, semi-organic, and conventional farming, and replicated 6 times. The soil and plant sampling were used the survey method and broccoli were harvested 8 and 10 weeks after planting. Soil properties analysis was taken before the experiment ongoing, including pH, N-total, C-organic, P-total and P-available, K-total and K-available, CEC, Particle density, Bulk density, and Percentage of total porosity. Plant growth parameters were carried out on 6, 8, and 10 weeks The result of study showed that the chemical and physical properties of the soil in the organic broccoli cultivation better than semi-organic and conventional farming, which proved by soil pH, organic C, total N, P, and K available have a higher value, while the particle density and soil bulk density have a lower value. Moreover, the total porosity and permeability have a higher value compared to conventional farming. Growth and yield of fresh broccoli by the organic farming system are increased about 21.81% and 31.43%, respectively than the conventional farming.

Effect of Boron and Nitrogen Level under Different Plant Spacings on some Growth and Yield Parameters of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck) in a gypsiferous soil

A field experiment was conducted in the fields of the Faculty of Agriculture, Tikrit University for the 2019-2020 agricultural season to study the effect of planting distances and the level of nitrogen fertilization and boron on the growth and yield of broccoli in gypsum soil. The study included three factors, the first factor was the distance between plants, and it included four distances (35, 45, 55, and 65 cm) (D1, D2, D3, and D4), respectively. The second factor was the level of nitrogen application, which includes two levels of nitrogen 70 and 140 (kg N ha-1) (N1 and N2), respectively. The third factor was the level of boron addition and it includes two levels of boron, which are (without boron application and 6 kg B. ha-1) (B0 and B1), respectively. Results showed that the nitrogen level N2 gave a clear significant increase compared to the N1 level in dry matter yield (the first cut), reaching (21.58 g. Plant-1), while the first level N1 reached (17.94 g(. Dry matter yield (the second cut) reached (84.39 g. Plant-1) in the second level N2, while in the first level it reached (74.36 g. Plant-1) and the N2 level was significantly superior over N1 level for some indicators of vegetative growth, plant height (cm) and leaf area (cm2). -1) and the number of leaves (leaf-plant-1) and thus the yield increased significantly in this level of nitrogen at the N1 level, as the total yield of floral heads at the N2 level was (25.865 tons. Ha-1) and at the N1 level (22.6 ton ha-1). The addition of boron fertilizer at a rate of (6 kg B. ha -1) led to a significant increase in the dry matter yield (the first and second cuts) and to a significant increase in the yield, as well as in the boron concentration in the shoot and the floral heads, and the vegetative growth indicators of broccoli. Planting at a 65 cm among broccoli plants (D4) led to a significant increase in dry matter yield (first and second cut) and an increase in plant yield. The superiority was significant over other distances except for the distance D1, which gave the highest total yield of broccoli floral heads, reaching 26.63 (tons ha-1). 1), whereas the distances D2, D3, and D4 gave a total yield of 25.38 , 22.71, and 22.21 (ton ha-1), respectively. The triple interaction between nitrogen (N) and planting distances (D) and boron (B) gave the highest value at the treatment (D4N2B1) which was significantly superior over other treatments for most of the studied traits, except the total yield of the floral heads where the superiority was in favor of treatment D1N2B1.

Influence of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on the growth and seed yield of Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. alboglabra Baily)

Influence of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on the growth and seed yield of Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. alboglabra Baily)

Evaluation of critical period for weed crop competition in growing broccoli crop

To standardize the existing approach of single weeding in cole crops practiced by most of the vegetable growers, a two-year field trial was designed to figure out the critical period for weed competition in broccoli (Brassica oleraceae L. var. italica). Two broccoli varieties “Rocco” and “Galabrease” were used with weeding intervals of 15, 30, 45, and 60 days after transplantation (DAT) along with a weedy check (control). Ten-gram (10 g) seed of various weed species was sown in each plot to get sufficient weed influx. Growth and yield parameters of broccoli including head diameter, number of axillary shoots, the weight of axillary shoots, total yield, and marketable yield, while weed parameters viz. weed density and fresh weed biomass were recorded during experimentation. Results revealed that Rocco a hybrid variety of broccoli performed significantly better than Galabrease for various growth and yield parameters at all weeding intervals. As regards the effect of various weeding treatments, the best treatment was hoeing 15 DAT followed by 30 DAT. Delayed hoeing beyond this critical period of 15 to 30 DAT correspondingly decreased all the growth and yield parameters, the untreated control showing the lowest value. Weed infestation had a strong negative correlation with the yield parameters of broccoli. It is concluded from the present study that weed density of 1 plant m−2 would result in a loss of 0.062 t ha−1 of marketable yield in broccoli, which warrants timely management of weeds to obtain the optimum yield of broccoli.

Effect of Vermicompost and Vermicompost tea on the Growth and Yield of Broccoli and Some Soil Properties

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of the use of Vermicompost and Vermicompost tea on the growth and yield of broccoli and some soil properties The field experiment was formed In Saqlawiyah sub-district - Anbar–Iraq on 10 October 2019.The experiment lasted approximately three months. In situ analysis and measurements of plant and soil were carried out at the site of the experiment, and also in the laboratories of the Agricultural Research Center, Soil Research Department in Abu Gharib. The treatments consisted of (T1 soil only, T2 DAP chemical fertilization only (according to fertilizer recommendation) 240 kg DAP.ha -1,T3 = 8.ton ha -1 Vermicompost mixed with soil + half the recommendation of 120 kg DAP. ha-1,T4 = 16 tons. ha-1 Vermicompost mixed with soil + 120 kg DAP. ha-1T5 = Vermicompost tea spray on the plant + 120 kg DAP. ha-1 ,T6 = 8 tons. ha-1 Vermicompost mixed with soil + Vermicompost tea sprays on the plant + 120 kg ha-1 DAP.. The plant traits were; plant height (cm), the total number of leaves (leaf. plant -1), the leaf area (dcm2.plant -1), vegetative dry weight (g. plant -1), dry weight of rhizosphere (g.plant-1), the weight of the main flower (gm) which were (52.8, 42.4, 98.6, 190.2, and 865.8), respectively, as well as the percentage of protein%, fat%, N%, P%, and K% that reached (23.37, 2.81, 3.74, 0.79, and 2.93) successively.concluded from this study that the treatment of Vermicompost with Vermicomposting tea combined with half of the fertilizer recommendation enhanced growth and yield of Broccoli plant and some soil properties.

PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN MASSA TANAH DENGAN PUPUK ORGANIK GRANUL TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN BROKOLI ( Brassica oleracea var. italica forma couliflora

Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) which is often called green flower cabbage is one type of vegetable that is popular with the public. To meet the growing needs of broccoli, its cultivation business requires the right planting medium and is rich in nutrients.This study aims to obtain a ratio of soil mass and granule organic fertilizer which can increase the growth and yield of broccoli. The experiment was carried out from March 2017 to May 2017, located in Cicalung Village, Wangunharja Village, Lembang District, West Bandung Regency, with an altitude of 1200 m above sea level. The design used was a randomized block design (RBD) with 7 treatments and repeated 4 times, namely A = 6 kg of soil: 0 kg of granular organic fertilizer, B = 5.9 kg of soil: 0.1 kg of granular organic fertilizer, C = 5, 8 kg soil: 0.2 kg granule organic fertilizer, D = 5.7 kg soil: 0.3 kg granule organic fertilizer, E = 5.6 kg soil: 0.4 kg granule organic fertilizer, F = 5.5 kg soil: 0.5 kg granule organic fertilizer, G = 5.4 kg soil: 0.6 kg granule organic fertilizer.The results showed that in treatment F the use 5.5 kg of soil: 0.5 kg of granular organic fertilizer gave a better effect on plant height, number of leaves, canopy width and gross weight but had the same effect on net weight between treatments give.

Impact of foliar application of carbon nanotube and benzyladenine on broccoli growth and head yield

The experiment were performed on the broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) at an a private farm in, Tema, city, Sohag, Egypt located at N 26° 52' 12.1908, E 31° 24' during the two successive winter seasons of 2018 and 2019 respectively, to study the effect of foliar applications with carbon nanotube (CNTs), benzyladenine (BA) and the combined effect of them on vegetative growth, head yield and head quality of broccoli in a clay loam soil. CNTs at 3 g/L, 5 g/L and 7 g/L concentrations and 50, 100 and 150 ppm of BA and the interaction of them, was sprayed on broccoli seedlings after two weeks of transplanted. A random complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was used. The data showed that positively effect of CNTs at 7 g/L and 100 ppm of BA. Also, CNTs at 5 g/L plus BA at 100 ppm scored the maximum values of broccoli growth characters and flower head yield.

Effects of Short-Term Root Cooling before Harvest on Yield and Food Quality of Chinese Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Alboglabra Bailey)

Vegetable product quality is an important consideration for consumers. Long-term root cooling could improve certain food quality of horticultural crops, but often comes at the expense of reduced shoot biomass or yield. Since few studies have investigated how fast Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra Bailey) responds to changes of root temperature, we shortened the duration of the root cooling treatment to one week before harvest to make the production system more effective. The aim of this study was to improve the food quality of Chinese broccoli without causing deleterious effects on plant growth and yield. The seedlings were cultivated hydroponically at two root temperatures (10 and 20 °C) during the last week prior to harvest in summer 2018 (Exp-1) and autumn 2019 (Exp-2). Plant growth, yield, physiological variables, soluble sugars, total chlorophyll, glucosinolates and mineral elements concentration were examined. The results showed that the yield reduction was alleviated compared to results over the long-term. Specifically, yield was not affected by root cooling in Exp-1 and reduced by 18.9% in Exp-2 compared to 20 °C. Glucose and fructose concentrations of the leaves were increased when the root temperature was 10 °C in both experiments with a more pronounced impact in Exp-2. In addition, root cooling produced a significant accumulation of individual glucosinolates, such as progoitrin, gluconapin, 4-methoxyglucobrassicin and 4-hydroxyglucobrassicin, in the stems of Exp-1 and the leaves of Exp-2. Minerals, such as N, showed reductions in the shoot, but accumulation in the root. Therefore, compared to long-term root cooling, short-term (one week) reduction of the root temperature is more economical and could help improve certain quality characteristics of Chinese broccoli with less or even no yield reduction.

Impact of Diamondback Moth Density and Infestation Timing on Broccoli Yield.

The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lep.: Plutellidae), is an important pest of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck). Few studies have focused on the real DBM impact on broccoli yield. We performed greenhouse studies to assess the effect of DBM densities and infestation timing (at pre-heading, heading, or during the entire cycle) on broccoli head weight. Polynomial trend analysis revealed a downward linear response of head weight to DBM densities, indicating that broccoli is susceptible to DBM attack. As for the infestation timing, infestations during the pre-heading stage significantly impacted head weight, whereas the same did not occur for infestations during the heading stage. DBM density did not affect plant height or total leaves but was upward-related to plant defoliation, and head weight correlated negatively with plant defoliation. These findings indicate that pre-heading is the determining stage for head weight loss of plants under DBM attack. In order to prevent quantitative losses, efforts for DBM management should be focused on this particular stage.

Nutrient cycling of different plant residues and fertilizer doses in broccoli cultivation

ABSTRACT The decomposition and release of nutrients from plant residues that precede the cultivation of vegetables can positively affect the morphological parameters and crop productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of plant residue decomposition and the cycling of macro and micronutrients of four cover crops preceding the broccoli production (single head Avenger hybrid). A 4x3 factorial scheme was implemented including four cover crops: signal grass (SG), pearl millet (PM), sunn hemp (SH), mixture PM+SH; and three doses of mineral fertilizer: 0, 50 (200 kg ha-1 of P2O5, 50 kg ha-1 of K2O, 75 kg ha-1 of N) and 100% of the recommended fertilizer dose (400 kg ha-1 of P2O5, 100 kg ha-1 of K2O and 150 kg ha-1 of N). Fresh (FB) and dry biomass (DB), residue decomposition, nutrient cycling of cover crops, the number of leaves, head height (HH), stem diameter (SD), head diameter (HD), head fresh-biomass (FB), head dry biomass (DB) and broccoli yield were evaluated. The FB production from PM (25.9 t ha-1), SG (23.3 t ha-1) and mixture PM+SH (23.9 t ha-1) were similar, while the largest production of DB occurred in the SG (11.9 t ha-1). The lowest rate of decomposition and the greatest half-life time of residues occurred where PM was present. The accumulation and nutrient cycling follow the sequence K>N>Ca>Mg>P>S and Mn>Zn>B>Cu for all cover crop treatments evaluated. The highest SD (51.95; 51.44 and 50.67 mm), HD (187.97; 187.41 and 183.48 mm), FB (1.01; 1.00 and 0.97 kg), DB (0.08; 0.07 and 0.07 kg) and broccoli yield (25.3; 24.9 and 24.7 t ha-1) was observed in the 100% dose of mineral fertilizer and on the residues of SH or PM+SH mixture, respectively.

Ecosystem Services and Cash Crop Tradeoffs of Summer Cover Crops in Northern Region Organic Vegetable Rotations

Intensive production practices characterizing vegetable farming contribute to high productivity, but often at the expense of supporting and regulating ecosystem services. Diversification with cover crops may support increased resilience through soil organic matter (SOM) contributions and physical soil protection. Vegetable farming often includes spring and fall production, limiting establishment and productive potential of over-wintered cover crops that are more widely used in the USA. In northern climate vegetable systems, warm-season cover crops planted during short summer fallows could be a tool to build resilience via ecosystem service enhancement. This project evaluated summer cover crops in the northern USA (MN and WI) for biomass accumulation, weed suppression, and contribution to fall cash crop yield. Our study included four site years, during which we investigated the effects of four cover crop species treatments, grown for 30 (short duration, SD) or 50 days (long duration, LD) alongside bare fertilized and unfertilized control treatments: buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) monocultures, and biculture of chickling vetch (Lathyrus sativus) or cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) with sorghum-sudangrass (sudex) (Sorghum bicolor x S. bicolor var. Sudanese). To quantify cover crop quantity, quality, and weed suppression capacity, we measured cover crop and weed biomass, and biomass C:N. To quantify effects on cash crops, we measured fall broccoli yield and biomass. Mean total biomass (cover crop + weeds) by site year ranged from 1,890 kg ha−1 in MN Y1 to 5,793 kg ha−1 in WI Y2 and varied among species in Y1 for both the SD and LD treatments. Most cover crops did not outcompete weeds, but treatments with less weeds produced more overall biomass. Data from Y1 show that cover crops were unable to replace fertilizer for fall broccoli yield, and led to reduced fall crop yield. Broccoli in Y2 did not reach maturity due to fall freeze. Summer cover crops, because of their biomass accumulation potential, may be used by farmers in northern climates to fit into cropping system niches that have historically been left as bare soil, but care with timing is necessary to optimize weed suppression and mitigate tradeoffs for cash crop production.

Application of organic and biofertilizers to increase soil biota diversity and vegetable production

The diversity of soil biota and vegetable production could be increased using organic fertilizer and biofertilizer. The objective was to determine the effect of organic fertilizer and biofertilizer on soil biota and vegetable production. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with 6 treatments, 4 replications. The treatments were T1: farmer practice (goat manure + chicken manure (CM) + banana stem dose of 20 t ha−1), T2: ( CM+ plant residue (PT)) dose 10 t ha−1 + arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, T3: (CM+PT) dose of 10 t ha−1 + bio-fertilizer (BF), T4: (CM+PT) dose 10 t ha−1 + Tithonia diversifolia 1 t ha−1, T5: vermicompost 12.5 t ha−1 and T6: vermicompost 10 t ha−1 + BF. The results showed that application of chicken manure + plant residue of 10 t ha−1 and biofertilizer yielded 13.3 t ha−1 of Chinese lettuce and chicken manure + plant residue of 10 t ha−1 + Tithonia yielded 3.8 t ha−1 of broccoli and the diversity of soil biota was significantly high. Vermicompost gave the lowest yield of Chinese lettuce and broccoli due to root disease causing by parasite nematode. Organic fertilizer and biofertilizer increase prospectively soil biota diversity and vegetable production.

Growth and Yield of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) Impacted by Seedling Age and Mulching Materials

Growth and Yield of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) Impacted by Seedling Age and Mulching Materials

Влияние агрохимикатов на пространственно-временные изменения агрохимических свойств почвы и урожай брокколи

The aim of the study. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of agrochemicals (mineral and organo-mineral fertilizers, plant growth regulators and ameliorants) on the spatio-temporal changes in the properties of agro-gray soil and broccoli yield using a cartographic approach. Methodology. The field experiment was conducted in 2016 at the site located near the Bykovo village in the south-east of West Siberia (54°58 '02.8" N; 83°5'21.45" E, Novosibirsk region). The objects of the study were the agro-gray soil (Luvic Retic Greyzemic Phaeozem (Siltic, Aric)) and the medium-ripe broccoli cabbage variety "Linda". The experiment scheme included the following treatments: (1) Control (without fertilizers), (2) Background (N100P60K160), (3) Background + succinic acid, (4) Background + dolomite, (5) Background + mulch, (6) Organo- mineral fertilizer "Criall". Soil samples were analyzed for the content of organic carbon, nitrates, total, mineral and organic phosphorus, as well as its mobile form; exchangeable potassium, calcium and magnesium, and pH. The dried samples of broccoli inflorescences were analyzed for the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium. Main results. After applying agrochemicals and harvesting broccoli, the variation coefficients of рН, mobile phosphorus, potassium and calcium increased by two or more times. The use of agrochemicals increased the yield and improved the nutritional value of broccoli inflorescences. The treatments with mineral fertilization (2, 3, 4 and 5) the treatment 2 (Background N100P60K160) provided the greatest return. The application of the studied agrochemicals resulted in the negative (acidification, binding of phosphorus, calcium and magnesium) and positive (increase in the content of elements) effects. The immobilization of nutrients (phosphorus, calcium, magnesium) in poorly soluble soil compounds and the respective decrease in the content of the elements’ mobile forms did not have a negative effect on the elemental composition of broccoli inflorescences. Thus, chemical immobilization, leading to the fixation of nutrients in the upper soil horizon, prevents their leaching by melt- and rainwater into the lower horizons.

Effect of different doses of micronutrients with phosphate solubilizing bacteria on growth, yield and quality of broccoli (Brassica oleraceae)

Effect of different doses of micronutrients with phosphate solubilizing bacteria on growth, yield and quality of broccoli (Brassica oleraceae)