Yellow Corolla Research Articles

Zingiber baumii Chatan & Promprom: A New Species of Zingiberaceae From Thailand.

Zingiber baumii Chatan & Promprom, a new species from the Zingiberaceae family, is described from Sakon Nakhon Province in northeastern Thailand. This species was identified during field expeditions conducted between 2018 and 2024 in Phu Pha Yol National Park. The morphological characteristics of Z. baumii, such as red or pinkish-red leaf sheaths, leaf blades (1.5-) 2.0-3.0 cm wide, pink petioles, and bright yellow corolla with a red patch, distinguish it from closely related species such as Z. isanense Triboun & K. Larsen. Zingiber baumii grows in slightly shaded dry dipterocarp forests at elevations of 300-380 m. The preliminary conservation assessment indicates that this species should be classified as Endangered (EN) according to IUCN criteria due to its limited distribution and small population size. Detailed morphological comparisons with related species are provided, along with illustrations and habitat descriptions.

A new species of Oxalis sect. Holophyllum (Oxalidaceae) from the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo, discovered with the help of citizen science

A new species of Oxalis sect. Holophyllum restricted to the Atlantic Forest of the State of Espírito Santo (Brazil) is described. This species can be distinguished from others of the section by the leaf blades up to ca. 1.6× longer than wide, adaxially with very abundant, patent hairs, phyllodial peduncles shorter than the leaves, distally enlarged and hiding floral buds and young fruits underneath, and flowers with yellow corolla. A morphological description with taxonomic notes and a preliminary assessment of its conservation status are presented here, as well as a photographic plate, and a geographic distribution map for the new species. An identification key for the species of O. sect. Holophyllum with the peduncle wider distally than proximally is also provided.

Primulina hoangmongii (Gesneriaceae), a new species from northern Vietnam

Primulina hoangmongii, a new species from Yen Bai Province of northern Vietnam, is described and illustrated. It is similar to P. albicalyx in its robust rhizome, rosette leaves, and yellow flowers. However, P. hoangmongii is clearly distinguished by its linear to narrowly-lanceolate bracts, 8–12 × 2–3 mm (vs. narrowly ovate to ovate, 18–25 × 9–14 mm), green calyx (vs. white), rich yellow corolla (vs. pale yellowish), base of the upper lip flat, thin and rich pure yellow (vs. swelling between lobes, yellow-brownish), and a ligulate, entire stigma (vs. deltoid, 2-lobed). The conservation status of P. hoangmongii is preliminarily assessed according to IUCN criteria as Critically Endangered (CR).

Synopsis of Calea subgen. Teucriifoliae (Asteraceae: Neurolaeneae), a new subgenus endemic to the Cerrado

Calea comprises 159 species characterized by striate phyllaries, pistillate ray florets, yellow corolla, and pappus elements as scales. The “Calea teucriifolia complex” is an informal group of 15 species. Molecular phylogenetic inference recognized the polyphyly of this group, but also supports the recognition of a monophyletic subgenus when considering a more restrict set of species. Thus, the aim of this study is to morphologically circumscribe the group at subgeneric rank and provide an updated nomenclatural and taxonomic synopsis. As defined here, C. subgen. Teucriifoliae comprises eight species (C. ferruginea, C. hymenolepis, C. hypericifolia, C. microphylla, C. ramosissima, C. senecioides, C. teucriifolia and C. villosa). The new subgenus is endemic to the Cerrado tropical savanna and is characterized by cylindrical involucres, reddish phyllaries, and pappus scales shorter than 1 mm. Seven lectotypes are designated and data on type specimens is clarified including localities, dates of collection, and collector. In addition, we record new state level occurrences for four species and provide a key for species identification.

A New Species of Pinguicula (Lentibulariaceae) from Western Yunnan, China

A new species of Lentibulariaceae, Pinguicula gongshanensis, is described and illustrated from western Yunnan, China. Morphologically, it is similar to Pinguicula alpina but differs from the latter by its corolla with 8–12 brown stripes on the tube and spur, yellow corolla lip, corolla tube with yellow pubescence inside, glandular pilose pedicel, and calyx. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 30(2): 171-174, 2023 (December)

MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES AND PRODUCTIVITY OF THE ATROPA L. GENUS SPECIES, CULTIVATED IN THE MOSCOW REGION

Background. The application of the anatomical method of studying various forms, varieties and species will allow to determine the degree of plant adaptation to habitat conditions and to assess its ecological plasticity.
 Purpose. This work aim is to evaluate the species and breeding samples of the Atropa genus by a set of signs, including morphological description, shape, size and weight of leaves, the nature of the pubescence of the leaf plade epidermis, location, size and number of stomata, as well as the yield of raw materials.
 Results. All collection samples of the studied species of the genus Atropa in the conditions of the Non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation undergo a full cycle of development. The assessment of the potential resistance of 14 forms and species of belladonna to unfavorable biotic and abiotic environmental factors was carried out, their main morpho-anatomical features were studied. The adaptive potential of the leaves of the studied Atropa plants is due to the variability of the structural elements of the leaf epidermis and is one of the factors of resistance to stress. In the group of studied samples, A. acuminata (406, Lithuania) and A. belladonna (487, Poland) have the lowest stress-adaptive potential (according to the set of signs). It was noted that populations of A. belladonna from Eastern Europe and France have signs of xeromorphism against the background of a decrease in plant size compared to the control and the lowest yield. It is noted that A. belladonna samples from Europe with yellow corolla staining occupy an intermediate value in yield in the presence of xeromorphic signs, which indicates their adaptability to the conditions of agrocenosis. The presence of numerous secreting trichomes in the studied accessions of A. belladonna and A. komarovii (nos. 5 and 14) may indicate their potential resistance to diseases and pests. The A. caucasica and A. komarovii species, as well as the A. belladonna specimen from Great Britain (no. 1), can be considered well adapted.
 Conclusion. The highest-yielding populations are from Russia A. belladonna 15/15; A. caucasica 118 compared to the Bagira variety. These samples can be considered promising and well-adapted candidates for creating a new variety of A. belladonna.

A new lithophilous species of Gesneriaceae, Petrocodonrubrostriatus, from the karst area of South Yunnan, China.

A new lithophytic species of Gesneriaceae, Petrocodonrubrostriatus K.Tan, X.Q.Song & M.X.Ren, sp. nov. from Lvchun County, South Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated here. It closest resembles P.mollifolius (W.T.Wang) A.Weber & Mich.Möller, but the new species is differentiated from it by red to brownish-red stripes in the yellow corolla throat and 4.5 mm long bract lobes, a ca. 10 mm long style, and staminodes inserted at 2.5-3 mm from the corolla base. The species is preliminarily assessed as 'Critically Endangered' (CR) according to IUCN criteria, since currently only one single locality is known with a few subpopulations on a fragmented limestone cliff, with fewer than 300 individuals.

Morphological trait evolution inSolanum(Solanaceae): Evolutionary lability of key taxonomic characters

AbstractSolanumis one of the world's largest and economically most important plant genera, including 1245 currently accepted species and several major and minor crops (e.g., tomato, potato, brinjal eggplant, scarlet eggplant, Gboma eggplant, lulo, and pepino). Here we provide an overview of the evolution of 25 key morphological traits for the major and minor clades of this giant genus based on stochastic mapping using a well‐sampled recently published phylogeny ofSolanum. The most evolutionarily labile traits (showing >100 transitions across the genus) relate to plant structure (growth form and sympodial unit structure), herbivore defence (glandular trichomes), pollination (corolla shape and colour), and dispersal (fruit colour). Ten further traits show evolutionary lability with 50–100 transitions across the genus (e.g., specialised underground organs, trichome structure, leaf type, inflorescence position and branching, stamen heteromorphism). Our results reveal a number of highly convergent traits inSolanum, including tubers, rhizomes, simple leaves, yellow corollas, heteromorphic anthers, dioecy, and dry fruits, and some unexpected pathways of trait evolution that could be explored in future studies. We show that informally named clades ofSolanumcan be morphologically defined by trait combinations providing a tool for identification and enabling predictive phylogenetic placement of unsampled species.

Paraphlomisyingdeensis (Lamiaceae), a new species from Guangdong (China).

Paraphlomisyingdeensis (Lamiaceae), a new species from the limestone area in northern Guangdong Province, China, is described and illustrated. Phylogenetic analyses, based on two nuclear DNA regions (ITS and ETS) and three plastid DNA regions (rpl32-trnL, rps16 and trnL-trnF), suggest that P.yingdeensis represents a distinct species in Paraphlomis. Morphologically, P.yingdeensis is similar to P.foliatasubsp.montigena and P.nana, but can be distinguished from the former by its densely villous lamina and calyx, not decurrent base of lamina and bristle-like-acuminate apex of calyx teeth, and distinguished from the latter by its significantly taller plant (15-20 cm vs. 1-5 cm) and larger lamina (6.2-16.5 × 4-11.5 vs. 2-7 × 1.5-4 cm), densely villous stem, lamina and calyx and yellow corolla.

Astragalusbashanensis (Leguminosae), a new species from Central China.

A new species Astragalusbashanensis, from western Hubei Province, Central China is described and illustrated. The new species is morphologically similar to Astragalussinicus and A.wulingensis, but differs from both by its spreading pubescent indumentum on stems and petioles, longer petioles, white bracts, whitish or yellow corolla, longer claw of the keel-petal, hairy pods and smaller seeds.

A new species of Lindernia (Linderniaceae) from Tanzania

The new species Lindernia sallyae from Tanzania, Mpanda District is described and illustrated. It differs from Lindernia linearifolia and L. monroi in the lack of basal rosulate leaves, the taller habit, the calyx with shorter tube and the acute lobes, the yellow corolla with purple marks and veins, the larger lower lip of the corolla, the longer abaxial stamens with acute anthers, and the glabrous adaxial stamens. The ecology of this probably poikilohydric species is briefly discussed. The endemic flora of the Uzondo Plateau, the type locality for this new Lindernia species, is highlighted.

Smithiayehii (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae), a new species from Taiwan.

A new species of Smithia Aiton, S.yehii C.M.Wang, Chih Y.Chang & Y.H.Tseng, sp. nov. from the wetlands of Taiwan is reported in this article. This species was mistakenly identified as S.sensitiva Aiton, but can be distinguished by its pale yellow corolla (vs. vivid yellow), often smaller flowers and shorter style. There is also a color gradient on the adaxial surface of the leaflets between young and mature leaves. Surface sculpture of pollen of S.yehii has significantly larger perforations, and muri are wider than those of S.sensitiva. An identification key to the Smithia taxa of Taiwan and S.sensitiva is presented.

Waltheria marielleae (Byttnerioideae, Malvaceae), a new species from north-eastern Brazil supported by morphological and phylogenetic evidence

Background – Waltheria marielleae is a new species of Malvaceae endemic to north-eastern Brazil that occurs only in the states of Pernambuco and Alagoas, in areas of Atlantic Forest and Caatinga. It is characterized by cinereous leaves, axillary and sessile to subsessile inflorescences, pallid yellow corollas with apically eciliate petals and fan-plumose stigmas. Material and methods – DNA was extracted from leaf tissue and the markers matK, ndhF, and ITS were amplified using universal primers, with PCR products purified and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis was performed, including DNA sequences obtained from GenBank. Morphological studies were based on the analysis of specimens deposited in seven herbaria and specimens collected in Pernambuco state, Brazil. Results – Waltheria marielleae is morphologically and phylogenetically related to pantropical W. indica and W. ackermanniana, with these three species forming a well-supported clade. Overall, phylogenetic molecular analysis suggests the monophyly of Waltheria, with the two currently proposed sections also being monophyletic, and Melochia as its sister group. The new species is assessed here as Endangered, according to IUCN criteria. In addition, we formally present new occurrences of W. ackermanniana and W. rotundifolia. Conclusion – In this study, a complete morphological description, illustration, distribution map, and phylogenetic tree are provided for Waltheria marielleae. This species is compared with morphologically and phylogenetically related species (W. ackermanniana, W. indica, and W. rotundifolia) and an identification key to the species occurring in Alagoas and Pernambuco is provided.

Two new species of Sinningia (Gesneriaceae) endemic to Bahia, Brazil

Chautems, A., D.B.O.S. Cardoso & M. Perret (2022). Two new species of Sinningia (Gesneriaceae) endemic to Bahia, Brazil. Candollea 77: 137–144. In English, English abstract. Two new species of Sinningia Nees (Gesneriaceae) occurring in the state of Bahia in northeastern Brazil are described and illustrated, i.e., S. ganevii Chautems & Mat. Perret and S. sulphurea Chautems & D.B.O.S. Cardoso. Sinningia ganevii is unique within the genus by its tubular-campanulate and light purple corollas borne in the upper axils of erect stems 20–60 cm long. Sinningia sulphurea is characterized by pale yellow corollas borne on short axillary pedicels arising from an erect stem. Both species are illustrated, featured with photographs and distribution map, and their IUCN conservation status assessed. Morphological features and pollination syndromes are discussed based on recent phylogenetic studies on the subtribe Ligeriinae. Received on February 2, 2022. Accepted on July 17, 2022. First published online on September 14, 2022.

Primulina fangdingii (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China

Primulina fangdingii, a species of Gesneriaceae new to science from Guangxi, China, is corroborated by both morphological and molecular evidence. The new species is similar to P. longzhouensis in leaf shape and size, but is easily distinguished from the latter by its adaxially glabrous leaf blades, yellow corolla with reddish inner surface and yellow filaments. It is also similar to P. repanda in corolla color and corolla shape, but can be diagnosed by its fleshy small leaves with glabrous adaxial surface, glandular and eglandular pubescent pedicels, yellow filaments and annular disc. In addition, Primulina fangdingii is somewhat similar to nine other species of Primulina, including P. cordifolia, P. danxiaensis, P. xiuningensis, P. chingipengii, P. cordistigma, P. diffusa, P. jingxiensis, P. petrocosmeoides and P. sinovietnamica, in either floral or vegetative morphology. However, all these species differ from P. fangdingii by a series of morphological characters. Phylogenetic analyses with ITS and two chloroplast DNA regions (rpL32‐trnL, trnL‐F) revealed that P. fangdingii is sister to P. luochengensis and isolated from its morphological relatives. Primulina fangdingii is described and illustrated here, and a key to the new species and its morphological allies is provided.

Siphocampylus flavescens (Campanulaceae, Lobelioideae), a New Endangered Species from Southeastern Brazil

Abstract— Siphocampylus flavescens is a new species endemic from the Serra Negra region, in the Serra da Mantiqueira complex, in Minas Gerais state, Brazil. It is characterized mainly by being a polycarpic decumbent subshrub, with whorled phyllotaxis (usually three leaves per node), and by its entirely yellow corolla, which differentiates S. flavescens from all other Brazilian species of Siphocampylus. Morphologically, it is more related to S. fluminensis, from which it can be distinguished mainly by the entirely yellow corolla (vs. bicolor, with the tube reddish and the lobes yellowish or greenish). Minor differences include the equally denticulate leaf margin, with reduced teeth, the reduced widely obconic hypanthium, and the rounded capsule of S. flavescens (unequally denticulate to fimbriate leaf margin, larger obconic hypanthium, and obconic capsules in S. fluminensis). The new taxon is here described. We provide a distribution map, photographs, and an identification key to the Siphocampylus species found in Minas Gerais state. We also informally propose the inclusion of S. flavescens in the IUCN Red List as an Endangered (EN) species due its small area of occurrence and the growing human impact in the region.

A new Paypayrola (Violaceae) from Panama, with notes about the species complexes for the genus

A new species of Paypayrola is described from multiple exsiccatae from west-central and east-central Panama. Paypayrola panamensis sp. nov. is represented by dozens of herbarium specimens from 26 putatively distinct populations located at lower elevations on the northern slope, in wet evergreen tropical forest on slopes and ridgetops, as well as along streams and rivers. By in its moderately short-petiolate leaves and yellow corollas, the new species resembles northern South American P. guianensis and P. hulkiana. It differs from P. guianensis in its proportionally longer leaf blades, subsessile to short-pedunculate, short inflorescences, and puberulent sepals longer than broad. It differs from P. hulkiana in its proportionally broader leaf blades, and proportionally broader elliptical to suborbicular sepals, commonly with two (rarely four) distinct lateral nerves besides the medial nerve, and a broadly rounded to frequently truncate or retuse apex. The new species also differs from both in its larger leaf blades with more lateral nerves, tapering to a narrowly rounded or weakly subattenuate apex, and a more densely flowered inflorescence. A key differentiating it from other species of Paypayrola is provided. In discussing the genus, three species complexes are well separated based on corolla color and inflorescence features.

Two New Species of PurpleCalibrachoa(Solanaceae) from Southern Brazil Grasslands Revealed by Molecular and Morphological Data

Abstract—We describe two new species ofCalibrachoa(Solanaceae) from southern Brazil grasslands. The new species were first detected by molecular data, and later corroborated by morphological traits and field observations. Both species are erect shrubs with showy purple corollas. The main distinctive morphological traits are the marked dark purple ring contrasting with the yellow corolla throat and the lobed stigma inC. atropurpurea,and the long androecium reaching the distal part of the corolla tube and the connivent anthers inC. synanthera. A key for the species with purple flowers from the Rio Grande do Sul Brazilian State, where the species were found, is given.Keywords—Calibrachoasubg.Stimomphis, Rio Grande do Sul, subtropical grasslands, taxonomy

INTRODUCTION TO THE COMPOSITAE – 3

INTRODUCTION TO THE COMPOSITAE – 3

1009. CENTAUREA CINERARIA: Compositae

SummaryCentaurea cineraria L. (Compositae: Cardueae: Centaureinae), part of the Centaurea cineraria group, is described and illustrated, and notes provided on its cultivation, propagation, pests and diseases and availability. Within current concepts the full synonymy of C. cineraria and C. gymnocapra are provided along with type citations and the known distribution of type material. The infrageneric divisions of Centaurea are commented on briefly. The varying treatments of the Centaurea cineraria complex of species is discussed, some clearly recognizing a distinct Centaurea gymnocarpa, others combining the latter in synonymy. Kew's material may well be of hybrid origin, but is described here as the species with additional commentary, as it is unlikely to be C. gymnocarpa, a very local endemic of the Isola di Capraia in the Tuscan Archipelago National Park, now with a Conservation Status assessment of Vulnerable. As one of the many plants that is often called dusty miller, the use of common names is commented on, especially since a diverse range of genera have been given the same name. Criticism is also levelled at some web sites that are clearly providing images not illustrating anything from this species group in Centaurea, with illustrations of plants with yellow corollas referred to Centaurea cineraria – as well as other erroneous information.