Year Of Residency Research Articles

Community flood risk assessment in selected areas in Muntinlupa City

The study's objective is to hopefully create a profound awareness in the city government of Muntinlupa of the plight the community is experiencing. A quantitative research design was utilized in this study. Flood risk perception: The probability of whether a retention pond, increasing the diameter of the existing reinforced concrete pipes, and or increasing the road elevation can be a permanent or a quick-fix solution is still unknown until the local government can conduct a comprehensive technical and environmental assessment of the different vulnerability factors in the community. No significant differences were found between age, years of residency, and flood risk perception. Flood risk preparedness: No significant differences existed between age, years of residency, and flood risk preparedness. Substantial differences were found between gender and flood preparedness, and they favor the male gender. Flood risk awareness: No significant differences existed between age, years of residency, and flood risk awareness. There were substantial differences between gender and flood awareness, and they favored the male gender. The study's recommendations encourage the local government of Muntinlupa to conduct a comprehensive administrative, technical, and environmental assessment of the different vulnerability factors facing the selected areas in the community.

Accuracy of Diagnosis of Benign Vocal Fold Lesions among Ear, Nose, and Throat Residents.

Introduction Benign vocal fold lesions (BVFLs) disrupt the superficial lamina propria, impacting vocal fold pliability. Investigating the diagnostic competency of ear, nose, and throat (ENT) residents in identifying BVFLs, we hypothesize that factors such as residency year, subspecialty focus, and training center influence diagnostic accuracy. Objectives To assess the accuracy of diagnosis of BVFLs among ENT residents and to correlate diagnostic accuracy with the year of residency. Methods An observational cross-sectional study included all ENT residents in Saudi Arabia. It was performed in August and September 2021 using a self-administered online questionnaire that assessed demographic variables and included three images with open-ended questions on diagnosing vocal fold lesions. Results A total of 61 ENT residents (62.3% male) were included in this study. The images of vocal fold cyst, vocal fold polyp, and vocal fold nodule were correctly diagnosed by 60.7%, 88.5%, and 91.8% of residents, respectively. There was a correlation between the year of residency and the accuracy of diagnosing a vocal fold cyst ( p = 0.029). Residents interested in laryngology correctly diagnosed all three lesions more frequently than other residents. Conclusion The ability of residents to diagnose vocal fold cysts was moderate. In particular, the senior residents were able to diagnose polyps and nodules with excellent accuracy.

Race, Ethnicity, and Gender Representation Among US Academic Spine Surgeons.

Although diversity has improved across certain orthopaedic subspecialties, enhancing diversity within spine surgery has remained a challenge. We aimed to investigate the current state of sex, racial, and ethnic diversity among academic orthopaedic spine surgeons in the United States. In January 2024, a cross-sectional analysis of orthopaedic spine surgery faculty in the United States was conducted using the Doximity database to identify eligible surgeons. Fellowship-trained orthopaedic spine surgeons (professor, associate professor, and assistant professor) who graduated residency between 1990 and 2022 were included. Race, sex, academic rank, residency year of graduation, and H-Index scores were recorded using publicly available information from faculty profile pages and the Doximity database. Four hundred fifty-two spine faculty were included in the analysis: 95.1% men and 4.84% women. Across race and ethnicity, 315 surgeons (69.7%) were White, 111 (24.6%) Asian, 15 (3.32%) Black or African American, and 11 (2.43%) Hispanic or Latino or of Spanish origin. Of the 101 professor-level surgeons, 3 (2.97%) were Black men. Among female professors, none were Black, Asian, or Hispanic/Latino. No Hispanic or Latino female professors, associate professors, or assistant professors were identified. The sex and race/ethnicity demographics that have increased in percentage over time include White women (0.92% to 6.08%), Asian men (11.0% to 26.5%), Asian women (0% to 1.66%), and Hispanic/Latino men (1.83% to 3.87%). The surgeon demographic groups that demonstrated minimal fluctuations over time included Black men, Black women, and Hispanic/Latino women. Our findings demonstrate that underrepresentation among academic spine surgeons remains an ongoing challenge that warrants increased attention. Enhancing the representation of Black and Hispanic men, as well as Black, Asian, and Hispanic women, in spine surgery requires a deliberate effort at every level of orthopaedic training.

Health care system factors associated with receipt of treatment and treatment intent in stage III non-small cell lung cancer: A population-based study in Ontario

PurposeStage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a heterogeneous disease, with a spectrum of anatomic extent, health status, and treatment approaches. Receipt of treatment and its intent should be independent of health system factors where care quality is optimal. We investigated the degree that modifiable health system factors are associated with receipt of treatment and treatment intent in stage III NSCLC in a large, universal health system. MethodsThis was a population-based, retrospective cohort study with health administrative data from Ontario, Canada, 2010–2018 for those aged ≥ 20 years, with AJCC 7 or 8 stage III NSCLC. We explored system factors associated with NSCLC treatment: region of residence, diagnostic interval, travel distance, advanced radiation (e.g. IMRT, VMAT) and systemic therapy treatment volumes and year of treatment. The relative risk (RR) of (1) any treatment versus no treatment, and (2) palliative versus non-palliative treatment was determined, using multivariable stepwise Poisson regression models. We adjusted for patient, disease and treatment factors. ResultsWe identified 7,093 people with stage III NSCLC between 2010 and 2018. There were no system factors associated with receipt of treatment versus no treatment in adjusted analysis. The major system factor associated with palliative intent was region of residence (RR: Region ranges from 0.88 to 1.67, p < 0.001). Stratifying by era (2010–2012 vs. 2013–2015 vs. 2016–2018), there was an increase in receipt of curative treatment and use of advanced radiotherapy techniques and immunotherapy over time, but regional variation of treatment intent was similar. ConclusionsRegion of residence emerged as the major health system factor associated with treatment intent for stage III NSCLC. This variation remained, even as advances in radiotherapy and systemic therapy were adopted. Our study suggests possible opportunities to improve care outcomes by addressing unexplained regional variation in care.

MCQs in-training examination scores of the surgical residency program in Thailand: the relationship between medical school vs public health-based training institutions

BackgroundThis study aims at investigating and evaluating the categorical knowledge of residency using an internet-based examination.MethodsAll in-training examinees from 32 Thailand’s general surgery residency training institutions participating in the online examination. One hundred fifty Multiple Choice questions (MCQs) were selected for this examination from a pool of previous MCQs used for board certification examinations. Baseline chracteristic of the examinee including residency year, training institution (medical schools and public health-based training institutions), regional-based area of the institution, overall test score, scoring by subcategory, total time to complete the examination, and the length of accredited as a training centre time were collected and analysed.ResultsTotal 613 examinees. The mean total score of 1st and 3rd year residency of a public health hospital institution differed from those with medical school-based training. On average, the scores in 4 out of 10 categories of residency from medical school training institutions were higher. However, residency from institutions with over 7 years of experience tended to score higher in the Liver, Biliary and Pancreas category.ConclusionsThe average scores of MCQs exams which reflect the medical knowledge for general surgical residency training at medical schools do not significantly differ from those of individuals undergoing public health training. Additionally, the mean scores of MCQs exams did not differ between high-experience training institutions and recent accredited training centers.

Ultrasound-Guided Lumbar Plexus-Sciatic Nerve Blocks Versus Epidurals for Orthopaedic Surgeries: A Study to Compare the Competency of Novice Anaesthesiology Residents in a High-Volume Level 1 Trauma Centre.

The relative merits of peripheral nerve blocks (PNB) over central neuraxial anaesthesia and the advantages of the above two techniques over general anaesthesia for surgical interventions of the lower limb are well established. The competency of anaesthetic trainees in a high-volume level 1 trauma centre in administering dual ultrasound and nerve stimulator-guided lumbar plexus-sciatic nerve block(DUNLuPS) vs. epidural anaesthesia (EA) was compared by reporting the adequacy of anaesthesia with the two techniques, time taken for the performance of block, time of onset of sensoryblock (TOSB), and time of onset of motor block (TOMB). This prospective, randomized, study enrolled 92 patients aged 18-80 years with lower limb fractures admitted in trauma triage and scheduled for surgery. Thepatients were randomly allocated equally into the EA group and the DUNLuPS group. A total of 20 anaesthesia trainees in the third year of residencywith clinical experience of more than 15 independent lumbar plexus-sciatic nerve blocks were included in the study.A volume of 20 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine was administered in the lumbar plexus (Shamrock technique) but the volume used for sciatic nerve (subgluteal approach) was varied so that the cumulative dose did not exceed 3 mg/kg. For each block, the onset of nerve blockade was assessed every five minutes, and the assessments continued for an additional 30 minutes after the nerve blocks were finished. Clinical characteristics and adequacy of anaesthesia were comparable, i.e., 95.65% and93.47% success in the EA (n = 46) and DUNLuPS (n = 46) groups, respectively. Performance time was significantly more in the DUNLuPS group but followed by significantly less TOSB and TOMB. The time for the first analgesic request was 351.63 ± 148.70 minutes in the DUNLuPS group and 147.60 ± 52.65 minutes in the EAgroup (p < 0.0001). Both EA and DUNLuPS provide effective and comparable intra-operative anaesthesia for orthopaedic lower limb surgeries (OLLS) when administered by residents with more than two years of experience (third year of residency)in ultrasound-guided regional nerve blocks in a high-volume level 1 trauma centre. Statistically significant differences in the block performance characteristicshad no clinical advantage as it was compensated by the faster onset time in the DUNLuPS group. Post-operative pain management was better in the DUNLuPS group, sothe practice and conduct of anaesthesia for trauma patients should focus on the establishment of "block rooms" and timely training of residents in the former so that the advantages can be extended to the patient population.

Historical exposure to metals in contaminated areas and its impact on cardio- and cerebrovascular health

Environmental pollution is of global concern. In Southeast Sweden, historical glass production has contaminated communities with toxic metals. Long-term residency in these communities and high consumption of local foods may constitute a risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) or stroke.The current study investigates if residency in these contaminated sites and long-term consumption of local foods is associated with self-reported CVD and stroke. In addition, the body burden of the toxic metals arsenic, cadmium, and lead, as well as inflammatory protein markers, were studied for association with CVD and stroke.From an existing questionnaire cohort and biomonitoring sub cohort (n = 2290/882) of people living in the contaminated areas, self-reported CVD cases (n = 366/166) and stroke cases (n = 78/25) were identified. Individuals were grouped based on their residency within a 2 km radius of glassworks with historical high, moderate, or low air-borne lead emissions. Body burden of arsenic, cadmium, and lead was analyzed using ICP-MS. Inflammatory markers were investigated using electrochemiluminescence.Long-term residency near glassworks with historically high levels of lead emissions, and high consumption of local foods, were associated with CVD. The risk was increasing for each year of residency in high emission areas. Increased body burden of arsenic in blood, and lead in urine, were associated with stroke. Five and two inflammatory markers, respectively, were elevated in CVD and stroke cases after adjusting for confounders.An increased risk for CVD was found in areas with historically high emissions of lead but possibly also other toxic metals. Interestingly, there was an indication of a dose-response relationship with increasing risk for CVD per year of residency time. Inhalation and consumption of local food may constitute major pathways for this association. The study shows that long-term exposure to toxic metals in these contaminated areas is associated with CVD and that there is a need to limit exposure in the general population.

Online yoga programme for resident physicians in Québec: an evaluation of feasibility and impact on mental health

ObjectivesTo evaluate the feasibility of the Bali Yoga Programme for Residents (PYB-R), an 8-week virtual yoga-based intervention and determine its impact on the mental health of resident physicians.DesignSingle-group repeated measures...

Health selection among outmigrants, return migrants and non-migrants in three subcohorts of international, interprovincial migrants and non-migrants in Manitoba, Canada

Objective and ApproachLinking national and provincial immigration registers with health care utilization datasets at the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, we assembled a cohort of 816,185 adults who resided in Manitoba, Canada and were followed up for at least one year between 1985 to 2023 to outmigration, return migration or death. The cohort included three subcohorts of international immigrants (16.4%), interprovincial migrants (10.8%) and all other Manitobans (AOM) (72.8%). Within each subcohort, we matched ‘stayers’ who never migrated, outmigrants and returnees on sex, birth year and place of residence and compared their hospitalization rates and Charlson and Elixhauser comorbidity scores 1-year before outmigration and 1-year after return migration. ResultsOutmigrants had lower hospitalization rates than stayers among AOM [Adjusted Relative Rate (RR): 0.80; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78, 0.82] and in the other two subcohorts. Comorbidity scores were also consistently lower among outmigrants compared to stayers in all three subcohorts, even after restricting to hospitalized cases. Outmigrants whose destination was another country were healthier than those who migrated to other provinces. Returnees had better health status than stayers upon return in the AOM subcohort only but lower than those who did not return at the time of outmigration in all three subcohorts. ConclusionsMigration is associated with positive health selection among international immigrants, interprovincial migrants and the local population. ImplicationsContrary to common belief, health selection is not restricted to international immigrants. Selective migration may represent a source of bias in health-related population-based studies (e.g., sampling and informative censoring).

SP2.3 - Environmental and non-technical factors influence surgical trainees involvement in laparoscopic appendectomy in Northern Italy: a propensity score matching and survey based multicenter analysis

Abstract Aims Laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) is an index procedure for surgical residents (R). The trends of R involvement in LA can be a quality benchmark for residency programs. The impact of clinical and non-clinical factors on such trends is still undisclosed. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of LA performed by R in the largest Italian educational network and explore the decision-making behind R involvement in LA. Methods We extracted data from the RESIDENT-1 (R1) multicenter trial registry and performed a propensity score matching (PSM) analysis to identify clinical and environmental differences according to the operator, surgeons(S) vs R. Additionally, to explore environmental and non-technical factors influencing the choice of the primary operator, we administered a survey to S and R in the R1 network. Results We enrolled 653 LA from October 2019 to October 2022, 234 (35.89%) were performed by R. We compared 231 per group after PSM. In academic hospitals and dedicated emergency surgery units LA were more frequently approached by R (57.14%vs26.84%, 51.08%vs19.05% p&amp;lt;0.001, respectively). The survey showed discrepant perspectives, R prioritize clinical factors, as the presence of complicated disease (25.53%vs.8.33%, p&amp;lt;0.015), whilst non-technical and environmental factors such as year of residency (63.1%vs.44.7%,p=0.05) and punctuality (47.2%vs.23.4%,p=0.041) were more important for S. Both groups agreed that a perioperative feedback system would improve the process of R involvement in LA. Conclusion Our study report a low rate of LA performed by R in northern Italy, primarily influenced by non-clinical factors. Furthermore, dedicated pathways and a well-structured perioperative teaching method could optimize the teaching process.

Air Pollution and Parkinson Disease in a Population-Based Study

The role of air pollution in risk and progression of Parkinson disease (PD) is unclear. To assess whether air pollution is associated with increased risk of PD and clinical characteristics of PD. This population-based case-control study included patients with PD and matched controls from the Rochester Epidemiology Project from 1998 to 2015. Data were analyzed from January to June 2024. Mean annual exposure to particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 µm or less (PM2.5) from 1998 to 2015 and mean annual exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) from 2000 to 2014. Outcomes of interest were PD risk, all-cause mortality, presence of tremor-predominant vs akinetic rigid PD, and development of dyskinesia. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race and ethnicity, year of index, and urban vs rural residence. A total of 346 patients with PD (median [IQR] age 72 [65-80] years; 216 [62.4%] male) were identified and matched on age and sex with 4813 controls (median [IQR] age, 72 [65-79] years, 2946 [61.2%] male). Greater PM2.5 exposure was associated with increased PD risk, and this risk was greatest after restricting to populations within metropolitan cores (odds ratio [OR], 1.23; 95% CI, 1.11-1.35) for the top quintile of PM2.5 exposure compared with the bottom quintile. Greater NO2 exposure was also associated with increased PD risk when comparing the top quintile with the bottom quintile (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.07-1.19). Air pollution was associated with a 36% increased risk of akinetic rigid presentation (OR per each 1-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.02-1.80). In analyses among patients with PD only, higher PM2.5 exposure was associated with greater risk for developing dyskinesia (HR per 1-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.17-1.73), as was increased NO2 exposure (HR per 1 μg/m3 increase in NO2, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.06-1.19). There was no association between PM2.5 and all-cause mortality among patients with PD. In this case-control study of air pollution and PD, higher levels of PM2.5 and NO2 exposure were associated with increased risk of PD; also, higher levels of PM2.5 exposure were associated with increased risk of developing akinetic rigid PD and dyskinesia compared with patients with PD exposed to lower levels. These findings suggest that reducing air pollution may reduce risk of PD, modify the PD phenotype, and reduce risk of dyskinesia.

Geographical Distribution of Osteopathic Neurosurgery Residents.

The neurosurgery residency match has grown increasingly competitive, especially for osteopathic (DO) medical students, amidst the transition to a single accreditation system in 2020. This shift required former American Osteopathic Association (AOA) programs to apply for Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) accreditation, leading to a notable reduction in programs with a history of accepting DO applicants. This study aims to explore both potential geographical trends in residency match among recent DO neurosurgical residents and in the number of DO neurosurgical residents pre- and post-ACGME merger. Neurosurgery residency programs during the 2023-2024 academic year were identified, and each program's residents, resident degrees, and resident post-graduate years were collected from residency programs' websites. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the ratios of DO and allopathic (MD) residents, while regression analyses were used to determine the trends in DO residents between 2017 and 2024. DO residents were also collated by state to observe their geographical distribution. A comprehensive cross-sectional analysis of 115 neurosurgery residency programs across the United States from 2016 to 2024 reveals a significant decrease in DO residents, from 14 in 2016 to four in 2024, with an average of six DO residents per year post-merger. A geographical heatmap analysis pinpointed New Jersey, Michigan, and California as states with the highest proportions and numbers of DO neurosurgery residents. These findings show the geographical distribution of DO neurosurgery residents in the US. Recognizing and understanding these geographical trends could be essential in the strategic application planning for DO candidates and the need for residency programs to reassess selection criteria to be more inclusive of DO applicants.

Knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of residents towards Hospital-at-Home (HaH) and its role in residency training

BackgroundWith the proliferation of Hospital at Home (HaH) programmes globally, there is a need to equip junior doctors with the skills necessary for provision of HaH care. The ideal training structure and clinical requirements for junior doctors to be considered competent in providing HaH care is still poorly understood. This study examines the perceptions of junior doctors towards HaH, and aims to determine the learning needs that might be helpful for future curriculum planning.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of residents at the National University Health System (NUHS) Singapore. Using a 45-item questionnaire, we explored the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of residents towards HaH, and their interest in participating in HaH as part of residency training.ResultsOne hundred six residents responded. Overall knowledge and attitudes were mostly average. Perceptions were neutral but comparatively lower in the domains of safety, efficiency and equity. 69% of residents showed a positive attitude and interest to participate in HaH as part of residency rotations. 80% of respondents were keen to have a 2–4 week rotation incorporated into routine training. Demographic factors that influenced higher scores in various domains included type of residency programme and years of work experience.ConclusionOur findings suggest that residents are interested in participating in HaH. Incorporation of HaH rotations in residency training will allow juniors doctors to receive greater exposure and training in the skills specific to provision of HaH care. Further studies on the introduction of a HaH curriculum and Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) specific for HaH in residency training may be useful to to ensure that we have a competent HaH workforce that can support and keep up with the growth of HaH globally.

Health literacy and diabetes information preferences among Chinese immigrants: An Australian cross-sectional study.

Explore Australian-Chinese immigrants' health literacy and preferences and engagement with translated diabetes self-management patient education materials. The cross-sectional survey was conducted with Australian-Chinese immigrants at risk or with type 2 diabetes recruited via health services, and diabetes and community organisations. The survey had three parts: (1) diabetes screening; (2) sociodemographic information, clinical characteristics and preferences for translated materials; and (3) Functional, Communicative and Critical Health Literacy (FCCHL) Scale. Of 381 participants, 54.3% reported diabetes (n = 207), the remainder pre-diabetes or at risk (45.7%, n = 174); 34.1% male; mean age 64.1 years. Average total health literacy (FCCHL) scores were 35.3/56 (SD = 8.7). Participants with greater English proficiency reported higher health literacy (p < 0.001). This pattern also existed for functional (p < 0.001), communicative (p = 0.007) and critical (p = 0.041) health literacy subdomains. Health literacy scores did not differ significantly based on years of residence in Australia (all p > 0.05). Although the majority of participants (75.6%, N = 288) were willing to receive translated diabetes information, only a small proportion (19.7%, N = 75) reporting receiving such materials. There is a clear need for co-designed diabetes patient education materials that meet the needs and adequately reach Australian-Chinese immigrants. In particular, these materials must support people with limited English-language proficiency. This study highlights important considerations for nurses seeking to improve diabetes care for Chinese immigrants when incorporating patient education materials as part of their nursing education.

Communicating COVID-19 vaccine information to Chinese communities in the UK: a qualitative study of their knowledge, information sources and trust

IntroductionIn late 2020, the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates of Chinese people living in the UK were estimated between 52% and 57%, significantly lower than that of the general population (76%)....

Enhancing clinical insight: Implementing validated questionnaires for comprehensive assessment of clinician expertise in transfusion medicine practices

BackgroundBlood transfusion is a cornerstone of modern healthcare, pivotal in saving countless lives annually. However, inadequate knowledge among healthcare providers can lead to serious complications. Despite the availability of assessment tools like the Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) test, there is a need for indigenous-validated questionnaires to address knowledge gaps effectively. This study aimed to evaluate bedside transfusion medicine knowledge among clinical residents using a validated questionnaire, focusing on knowledge gaps. Study design and methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care referral center in Northern India. The questionnaire, developed based on national and international transfusion guidelines, was validated by an expert panel, and administered to 245 clinical residents. The questionnaire covered six domains related to transfusion medicine: blood component storage, blood bank procedures, transfusion-transmitted infections, administration of blood components, transfusion reactions, and transfusion practices. ResultsThe study revealed varying levels of knowledge across specialties and residency years. Overall, residents scored 61 % in transfusion medicine knowledge, with Pediatrics residents demonstrating the highest scores. The incremental increase in knowledge from first to third-year residents underscores the value of continuous, experience-based learning throughout the residency period. DiscussionStudy highlights significant knowledge gaps in bedside transfusion practices among clinical residents, emphasizing the need for structured educational interventions. Tailored programs, integrated into undergraduate and postgraduate curricula, are essential to improve transfusion safety and patient outcomes. Addressing these gaps can lead to better bedside transfusion practices, reducing risks and improving the quality of patient care.

Quantifying Radiology Residents' Learning Curves in Report Writing Performance Through Report Comparison and Jaccard Similarity.

Background Report writing skills are a core competency to be acquired during residency, yet objective tools for tracking performance are lacking. Purpose To investigate whether the Jaccard index, derived from report comparison, can objectively illustrate learning curves in report writing performance throughout radiology residency. Materials and Methods Retrospective data from 246 984 radiology reports written from September 2017 to November 2022 in a tertiary care radiology department were included. Reports were scored using the Jaccard similarity coefficient (ie, a quantitative expression of the amount of edits performed; range, 0-1) of residents' draft (unsupervised initial attempt at a complete report) or preliminary reports (following joint readout with attending physicians) and faculty-reviewed final reports. Weighted mean Jaccard similarity was compared between years of experience using Welch analysis of variance with post hoc testing overall, per imaging division, and per modality. Relationships with years and quarters of resident experience were assessed using Spearman correlation. Results This study included 53 residents (mean report count, 4660 ± 3546; 1-5 years of experience). Mean Jaccard similarity of preliminary reports increased by 6% from 1st-year to 5th-year residents (0.86 ± 0.22 to 0.92 ± 0.15; P < .001). Spearman correlation demonstrated a strong relationship between residents' experience and higher report similarity when aggregated for years (rs = 0.99 [95% CI: 0.85, 1.00]; P < .001) or quarters of experience (rs = 0.90 [95% CI: 0.73, 0.96]; P < .001). For residents' draft reports, Jaccard similarity increased by 14% over the course of the 5-year residency program (0.68 ± 0.27 to 0.82 ± 0.23; P < .001). Subgroup analysis confirmed similar trends for all imaging divisions and modalities (eg, in musculoskeletal imaging, from 0.77 ± 0.31 to 0.91 ± 0.16 [P < .001]; rs = 0.98 [95% CI: 0.72, 1.00] [P < .001]). Conclusion Residents' report writing performance increases with experience. Trends can be quantified with the Jaccard index, with a 6% improvement from 1st- to 5th-year residents, indicating its effectiveness as a tool for evaluating training progress and guiding education over the course of residency. © RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Bruno in this issue.

Adicción a los videojuegos, calidad de sueño y malestar psicológico en adolescentes y jóvenes adultos

The present research took levels of video game addiction and tested a model of structural structures to determine whether videogame addiction predicted sleep quality and psychological distress. A sample of 612 young male adults was constituted, with a mean age of 21 years (SD = 2.95) of residents of Greater Buenos Aires and 40% in the Federal Capital. They answered a demographic questionnaire, the GASA questionnaire, a sleep questionnaire and the DASS-21 that measures anxiety, depression, and stress. The results indicated high levels of video game addiction and that age introduced differences. The structural model presented a good fit and addiction predicted greater sleep difficulties and less psychological well-being. The discussion will review the implications of this research and provide suggestions for future research.

Diverticular disease and risk of incident major adverse cardiovascular events: A nationwide matched cohort study.

An increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been reported in patients with diverticular disease (DD). However, there are knowledge gaps about specific risks of each major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) component. This nationwide cohort study included Swedish adults with DD (1987-2017, N=52,468) without previous CVD. DD was defined through ICD codes in the National Patient Register and colorectal histopathology reports from the ESPRESSO study. DD cases were matched by age, sex, calendar year and county of residence to ≤5 population reference individuals (N=194,525). Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for MACE up until December 2021 were calculated using stratified Cox proportional hazard models. Median age at DD diagnosis was 62 years and 61% were females. During a median follow-up of 8.6 years, 16,147 incident MACE occurred in individuals with DD, and 48,134 in reference individuals (incidence rates (IRs)=61.4 vs. 43.8/1,000 person-years) corresponding to an aHR of 1.24 (95%CI=1.22-1.27), equivalent to one extra case of MACE for every 6 DD patients followed for 10 years. The risk was increased for ischemic heart disease (IR=27.9 vs. 18.6; aHR=1.36, 95%CI=1.32-1.40), congestive heart failure (IR=23.2 vs. 15.8; aHR=1.26, 95%CI=1.22-1.31), and stroke (IR=18.0 vs. 13.7; aHR=1.15, 95%CI=1.11-1.19). DD was not associated with cardiovascular mortality (IR=18.9 vs. 15.3; aHR=1.01, 95%CI=0.98-1.05). Results remained robust in sibling-controlled analyses. Patients with DD had a 24% increased risk of MACE compared with reference individuals, but no increased cardiovascular mortality. Future research should confirm these data and examine underlying mechanisms and shared risk factors between DD and CVD.

Surgical Residents' Perception of Feedback on Their Education: Protocol for a Scoping Review.

Feedback is an essential tool for learning and improving performance in any sphere of education, including training of resident physicians. The learner's perception of the feedback they receive is extremely relevant to their learning progress, which must aim at providing qualified care for patients. Studies pertinent to the matter differ substantially with respect to methodology, population, context, and objective, which makes it even more difficult to achieve a clear understanding of the topic. A scoping review on this theme will unequivocally enhance and organize what is already known. The aim of this study is to identify and map out data from studies that report surgical residents' perception of the feedback received during their education. The review will consider studies on the feedback perception of resident physicians of any surgical specialty and age group, attending any year of residency, regardless of the type of feedback given and the way the perceptions were measured. Primary studies published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese since 2017 will be considered. The search will be carried out in 6 databases and reference lists will also be searched for additional studies. Duplicates will be removed, and 2 independent reviewers will screen the selected studies' titles, abstracts, and full texts. Data extraction will be performed through a tool developed by the researchers. Descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis (content analysis) will be used to analyze the data. A summary of the results will be presented in the form of diagrams, narratives, and tables. The findings of this scoping review were submitted to an indexed journal in July 2024, currently awaiting reviewer approval. The search was executed on March 15, 2024, and resulted in 588 articles. After the exclusion of the duplicate articles and those that did not meet the eligibility criteria as well as the inclusion of articles through a manual search, 13 articles were included in the review. Conducting a scoping review is the best way to map what is known about a subject. By focusing on the feedback perception more than the feedback itself, the results of this study will surely contribute to gaining a deeper understanding of how to proceed to enhance internal feedback and surgical residents' learning progress. Open Science Framework yexb; https://osf.io/yexkb. PRR1-10.2196/56727.