Wuling Mountain Area Research Articles

Current Situation and Suggestions of Farmers' Information Literacy Under the Information Construction Environment —— Taking Wuling Mountain Area as an Example

Current Situation and Suggestions of Farmers' Information Literacy Under the Information Construction Environment —— Taking Wuling Mountain Area as an Example

Beyond ‘empty’ forms of formalization: The credibility of a renewed attempt at forest titling in Southwest China

Whereas the prospective benefits of formalization programs are well-understood and received, less attention has been placed on the feasibility of such actions. This paper studies titling under China’s Collective Forest Tenure Reform. We employ the Formal, Actual, and Targeted (FAT) Institutional Framework, based on the ‘credibility thesis’, to examine whether titling increases tenure credibility. To do so, we draw upon interviews and surveys collected in the Wuling Mountain Area (Southwest China), and compare formal policy objectives to households’ targeted (desired) preferences and actual forest rights. Our findings show divergences between formal and targeted versus actual rights. While titles were widely issued, socially supported, and farmers deemed boundaries and plot sizes clear, there is a paradox: (i) half of forest titles did not record boundaries; (ii) boundaries were not uniformly recorded; (iii) no on-site surveying had taken place; (iv) plot data were based on replicating older data, estimates, or averages; (v) titles had not been issued in contested areas; (vi) farmers had a weak legal understanding of ownership and lease rights. We argue that due to pressure from the central government to complete titling in five years, forest registration has emerged as an 'empty institution': an institutional compromise where spatial complexities were disregarded and neglected during implementation. Although seemingly credible at present, such outcomes of formalization bear the risk that future changes could easily dampen the reform’s institutional efforts and intentions.

Mesozoic–Cenozoic stress field magnitude in Sichuan Basin, China and its adjacent areas and the implication on shale gas reservoir: Determination by acoustic emission in rocks

ABSTRACT The Sichuan Basin is one of the vital basins in China, boasting abundant hydrocarbon reservoirs. To clarify the intensity of the tectonic stress field of different tectonic episodes since the Mesozoic and to identify the regional dynamic background of different tectonic movements in the Sichuan Basin and its adjacent areas, the characteristics of the acoustic emission in rocks in different strata of these areas were researched in this paper. Meanwhile, the tectonic stress magnitude in these areas since the Mesozoic was restored. The laws state that the tectonic stress varied with depth was revealed, followed by the discussion of the influence of structural stress intensity on structural patterns in different tectonic episodes. These were conducted based on the paleostress measurement by acoustic emission method and the inversion principle of the stress fields in ancient periods and the present, as well as previous research achievements. The results of this paper demonstrate that the third episode of Yanshanian Movement (Yanshanian III) had the maximum activity intensity and tremendously influenced the structural pattern in the study area. The maximum horizontal principal stress of Yanshanian III varied with depth as follows: 0.0168 x + 37.001 (MPa), R2 = 0.8891. The regional structural fractures were mainly formed in Yanshanian III in Xujiahe Formation, west Sichuan Basin, of which the maximum paleoprincipal stress ranging from 85.1 MPa to 120.1 MPa. In addition, the law stating the present maximum horizontal principal stress varies with depth was determined to be 0.0159 x+10.221 (MPa), R2=0.7868 in Wuling Mountain area. Meanwhile, it was determined to be 0.0221 x+9.4733 (MPa), R2=0.9121 in the western part of Xuefeng Mountain area and 0.0174 x+10.247 (MPa), R2=0.8064 in the whole study area. These research results will not only provide data for the simulation of stress field, the evaluation of deformation degree, and the prediction of structural fractures, but also offer absolute geological scientific bases for the elevation of favorable shale gas preservation.

The coupling coordination relationship between industrial structure transformation and upgrade level and tourism poverty alleviation efficiency: A case study of Wuling Mountain Area

The coupling coordination relationship between industrial structure transformation and upgrade level and tourism poverty alleviation efficiency: A case study of Wuling Mountain Area

Incentivizing household forest management in China's forest reform: Limitations to rights-based approaches in Southwest China

On the basis that property rights provide effective incentives to their users, rights-based approaches have become well-received for purposes of improved resource management, production, and conservation. Recent reform in China's collective-owned forest sector has also been guided by a rights-based approach in generating new incentives and economic benefits for households. Forest property rights have been reconfigured into formal, private, and transferable form, and households are financially compensated for rights' attenuation. In this paper, we draw on a household survey (N = 331) and a series of interviews (N = 29) to empirically examine how three types of forest rights are exercised and perceived by rural households in the Wuling Mountain Area, a relatively poor and mountainous area in Southwest China. Our findings show that although the new rights arrangements are largely perceived as credible by households, the rights are rarely exercised, without tangible contributions to the intended benefits. In explaining this, we find that current economic values of household forests are low. This may suggest that rights-based approaches are unlikely to realize their intended effects if the natural resources themselves are of too little value, an oversight in conventional discussions on resource rights.

Habitat Suitability Evaluation of the Chinese Horseshoe Bat (<i>R. sinicus</i>) in the Wuling Mountain Area Based on MAXENT Modelling

Habitat Suitability Evaluation of the Chinese Horseshoe Bat (<i>R. sinicus</i>) in the Wuling Mountain Area Based on MAXENT Modelling

Clinical and epidemiologic profile of venomous snakebites in Chongqing Wuling mountainous area, western China.

In China, venomous snakebites are an important medical emergency and cause of hospital admission, but few studies have looked at the clinical and epidemiologic profile of human snakebite victims. We conducted a retrospective study of 440 snakebite cases encountered at a single hospital in the Chongqing Wuling mountainous area of western China from July 2004 to August 2018. Data were collected from the electronic medical record system. The majority of bite victims were male (58.4%), 41-60 y of age (37.9%) and the bites occurred during the daytime (51.1%) in July-September (62.5%). The lower limbs were the most vulnerable sites to snakebites (73.9%). The most common local toxicity consisted of pain (86.1%), oedema (78.4%) and bleeding (35.9%). Of the systemic toxicities, haematuria (14.3%) and ophthalmoplegia (9.5%) were common. The majority (86.4%) of individuals presented to the hospital within 6 h. This study describes the clinical and epidemiologic profile of venomous snakebites in the Chongqing Wuling mountainous area of western China. Multicentre prospective studies were needed in the entire country of China.

Region-county characteristic of spatial-temporal evolution and influencing factor on land use-related CO2 emissions in Chongqing of China, 1997–2015

The dependence of county industry on high CO2 emission industries makes it difficult to balance the development of county economy and CO2 emission reduction. Therefore, this article attempts to study on the spatial-temporal evolution and influencing factor on land use-related CO2 emissions at region-county level to promote county economy from CO2 source to CO2 sink. 9 regions and 38 counties in Chongqing of China were thus selected as study objects. Based on land use data, land use-related CO2 emissions were estimated using direct and indirect CO2 emission models for the period 1997–2015. On this basis, the space-time patterns were revealed from two scales of region and county. And the main factors influencing CO2 emissions according to land use were revealed based on Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) and geographic detector analysis (GDA), respectively. The results show that: 1) at regional scale, CO2 emissions of different regions all greatly improve in which southeastern ecological protection and development area showed the largest increase. Increases in per capita CO2 emissions in two-wing (suburban) areas are higher than those in downtown and surrounding-downtown areas. 2) at regional scale, the influences of various decomposed factors on the change of CO2 emissions fluctuate. The effect of population shows an insignificant influence on CO2 emissions. Economic development greatly influences CO2 emissions. Additionally, energy consumption shows a significant inhibitory effect on CO2 emissions while energy mix exhibits significant hysteresis. 3) at county scale, heavy CO2 emissions are concentrated in core urban areas; moderate and mild emissions occur mainly in the main urban expansion area, the region around the main urban areas, and in regional hub cities; low emissions are mainly concentrated in the Wuling mountainous area in southeast Chongqing and the Three Gorges Reservoir area in northeast Chongqing. 4) at county scale, the main influences on land use-related CO2 emissions are total energy consumption, per capita GDP, and urbanization rate. Minor influences include population size, proportion of secondary and tertiary industries, and proportion of land used for construction.

A network-based approach for landscape integration of traditional settlements: A case study in the Wuling Mountain area, southwestern China

A trans-regional landscape network of traditional settlements (LNTS) can be used to integrate scattered landscapes and ensure the unified protection of natural and cultural landscapes. The LNTS is superior to traditional settlement protection in local areas, which is not conducive to maintaining the integrity and order of traditional settlement landscapes at the regional level. The main purpose of this research was to construct the LNTS, and three main steps were involved: the selection of the traditional settlements, the restoration of the connectivity of cultural routes, and the identification of the landscape areas. The landscape areas were identified based on the spatial coupling of the landscape character areas and the core areas of traditional settlement cultural diffusion. The landscape character areas were determined based on the identification of landscape characteristics, while the core areas of traditional settlement cultural diffusion were calculated by the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model. The LNTS could support the overall protection of the traditional settlement landscapes, enhance the cultural, ecological, tourism and educational values, and promote the cross-regional coordination and cooperation among different management and protection departments. Finally, the LNTS was conducive to protecting the virtuous cycle of traditional settlement protection and regional sustainable development.

Spatial accessibility distribution characteristics and influencing factors of the tourism poverty alleviation key villages in Wuling Mountain area, Hubei Province

Spatial accessibility distribution characteristics and influencing factors of the tourism poverty alleviation key villages in Wuling Mountain area, Hubei Province

Study on the Design Strategy of Rural Public Space in Wuling Mountain Area Based on the Needs of the Left-Behind Elderly

Study on the Design Strategy of Rural Public Space in Wuling Mountain Area Based on the Needs of the Left-Behind Elderly

Genetic diversity and pathogenicity dynamics of Magnaporthe oryzae in the Wuling Mountain area of China

Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae), is one of the most destructive diseases in cultivated rice. The Wuling Mountain Area is marked as the key area for the national prevention and control of rice blast disease in China and is the ideal area for M. oryzae research according to its unique natural condition. In this study, a simple, low-cost and effective marker system including RAPD, REMAP, rep-PCR and Avr genes was developed for genetic diversity analysis of 108 M. oryzae isolates collected from the Wuling Mountain Area during 2012–2014. The results showed significant changes in the genetic structures of M. oryzae populations over the 3 years. However, there was no remarkably simple relationship between the genetic lineages and pathotypes (physiological races) of M. oryzae. The main mechanisms of M. oryzae to overcome host genes in the natural conditions of the Wuling Mountain Area might be point mutations or small deletions of gene sequences.

A Geographical Analysis of the Poverty Causes in China’s Contiguous Destitute Areas

One of the most critical development problems in China is the existence of a considerable number of contiguous destitute areas (also known as regional poverty), and the causes behind such regional poverty might structurally differ by geographical characteristics. To deal with the problem, this paper, based on the “Three Nature” theory of New Economic Geography, first establishes an analytical index system of poverty causes, and then uses the gray relational method to identify the causes of poverty in 14 contiguous destitute areas. The results show that, at present, the main poverty causes in the mountain areas in eastern part of China, such as the Dabie mountain area, the Yanshan-Taihang mountain area and the southern Greater Khingan mountain area, are the shortage of human capital and information technology. In contrast, the main factors behind regional poverty in the central mountain areas such as the LuoXiao mountain area, the Lvliang mountain area and the Wuling mountain area are poor transport, locational and other natural factors. The western mountain regions such as Tibet, Tibetan areas in four provinces, South Xinjiang’s three districts and the West Yunnan border area are especially affected by natural endowments, but each area’s specific cause for poverty is different from one another. Finally, this paper discusses relevant policy issues regarding the fact that poverty causes are different by distinct natural factors.

Intellectual Precision Poverty Alleviation of the Biogenetic Resources of Native Livestock and Poultry in the Wuling Mountain Area

Agricultural biological genetic resources are important components of biodiversity, traditional knowledge, agricultural cultural heritage and agricultural intellectual property. They are the basis of differentiation and geographical indications of agricultural products. The Wuling mountain area is located in the subtropical monsoon mountainous humid climate, with abundant indigenous genetic resources of livestock and poultry, is one of the biodiversity centers and the main battlefields of rural poverty alleviation in China. The animal husbandry is the leading industry of industry poverty alleviation and precision poverty alleviation in this area. This paper introduced the geographical indications of the animal husbandry, as well as the biogenetic resources of native livestock and poultry, such as pigs, buffalo, cattle, goats, horses, chickens, ducks, geese, bees and silkworms. Mainly from the point of view of the inheritance of traditional knowledge, and the development of knowledge economy and intellectual resources etc, the paper discussed the strategies of intelligent precision poverty alleviation and protection of native animal and poultry genetic resources under the rural revitalization strategy. The corresponding seven point countermeasures are put forward.

Intellectual Precision Poverty Alleviation and Agricultural Intellectual Property Rights of the Tea Industry in the Wuling Mountain Area

Rural revitalization strategy, precise poverty alleviation, and priority poverty alleviation in the destitute areas, are the three important new problems in rural poverty alleviation and the “three rural” work in recent years in China. Intellectual precision poverty alleviation , is not only the precise poverty alleviation based on the development of intellectual resources and the protection of agricultural intellectual property, but also the knowledge economy way to the rural revitalization strategy in poor areas. The Wuling mountain area is the national demonstration area of priority poverty alleviation, and one of China's important areas of tea producing. This paper analyzed the strategy of the protection of agriculture intellectual property rights of tea industry and intellectual precision poverty alleviation in this area, proposed several suggestions under the rural revitalization strategy, such as: to implement the intellectual property strategy of regions and leading enterprises; to develop agricultural intellectualization and knowledge economy; to inherit the traditional knowledge and cultural heritage; to implement standardization and agricultural industrialization; to construct the regional scientific and technological innovation system; to promote competitiveness and self-generating ability; to establish the geographical indication pillar industry of the regional characteristics; to dock the Belt and Road strategy; to implement regional brand strategy; to develop agricultural and rural informatization; to promote the “internet plus agriculture” intelligence precise poverty alleviation, etc. The paper stated the definition and basic idea of intellectual precision poverty alleviation.

Intellectual Precision Poverty Alleviation Based on “Internet + Se-rich Animal Husbandry” in Enshi City in the Wuling Mountain Area

Priority poverty alleviation in the destitute areas, precise poverty alleviation, and rural revitalization strategy, are the three important new problems in rural poverty alleviation and the “three rural” work in recent years in China. “The world's selenium capital” Enshi city is located in the Wuling mountain area, which is one of the main battlefields of the rural poverty alleviation in China, which has the characteristics of Se-rich industry and animal husbandry. This paper describes the selenium resources, animal husbandry industry, animal husbandry resources, national poverty villages and so on in the city. From the perspectives of industrialization, informatization, intellectualization and development of intellectual animal husbandry and knowledge economy, this paper studies the development and utilization of the intellectual resources in the animal husbandry and the strategy of intellectual precision poverty alleviation based on “internet + Se-rich animal husbandry” in Enshi. A few suggestions are put forward under the rural revitalization strategy.

Rural Revitalization Strategy and Intellectual Precision Poverty Alleviation in the Wuling Mountain Area of Yichang City: Based on the Perspective of Traditional Knowledge

Rural revitalization strategy, beautiful village construction, agricultural civilization inheritance, precise poverty alleviation and priority poverty alleviation in the destitute areas, are the several important new problems of the “three rural” work and rural poverty alleviation in the new era in China. The three counties of Yichang city, which are located one of the main battlefields of the rural poverty alleviation in China, have abundant traditional knowledge resources and ethnic minority cultural heritage. This paper introduces the traditional knowledge, genetic resources, traditional cultural expressions, characteristic villages, famous towns, famous villages, and national poverty villages, et al in the counties. Based on the perspective of traditional knowledge, the paper analyzes the countermeasures of rural revitalization strategy and intellectual precision poverty alleviation in the Wuling mountain area of Yichang city, and puts forward ten suggestions.

Rural Revitalization Strategy and Intellectual Precision Poverty Alleviation Based on Agricultural Intellectual Property Rights: Taking Yichang City in the Wuling Mountain Area as an Example

Rural revitalization strategy, precise poverty alleviation and priority poverty alleviation in the destitute areas, are the three important new problems in the “three rural” work and rural poverty alleviation in recent years in China. Wufeng tujia autonomous county, Changyang tujia autonomous county, Zigui county in Yichang city, are located in the “main battlefield” of the national poverty alleviation — the Wuling mountain area. This paper introduces the agricultural intellectual property rights of the three counties' patents related to agriculture, trademarks, geographical indications, agricultural biological genetic resources, traditional knowledge, and new plant varieties. Based on the perspective of traditional knowledge, the paper analyzes the rural revitalization strategy and intellectual precision poverty alleviation, and puts forward ten suggestions.

Intellectual Precision Poverty Alleviation and Traditional Knowledge Inheritance in Xuanen County in the Wuling Mountain Area under the Rural Revitalization Strategy

Rural revitalization strategy, beautiful village construction, agricultural civilization inheritance, precise poverty alleviation and priority poverty alleviation in the destitute areas, are the several important new problems of the “three rural” work and rural poverty alleviation in the new era in China. Xuanen County has 35 national poverty villages, is located in the “main battlefield” of the national poverty alleviation — the Wuling mountain area. The county is a Chinese Folk Culture Art Village and a place of settlement for ethnic minorities. It has abundant traditional knowledge resources and ethnic minority cultural heritage. This paper introduces the traditional knowledge, genetic resources, traditional cultural expressions, characteristic villages, famous towns, famous villages, and national poverty villages, et al in the county. The paper analyzes the strategies of traditional knowledge inheritance and intellectual precision poverty alleviation under the rural revitalization strategy, and puts forward ten suggestions.

Intellectual Precision Poverty Alleviation Based on Agricultural Intellectual Property Rights in Lichuan City in the Wuling Mountain Area

Priority poverty alleviation in the destitute areas and precise poverty alleviation, are the two important new problems in rural poverty alleviation and the “three rural” work in recent years in China. Lichuan city has 50 national poverty villages, is located in the “main battlefield” of the national poverty alleviation—the Wuling mountain area. This paper introduces the agricultural intellectual property rights of the city's geographical indications, agricultural biological genetic resources, traditional knowledge, trademarks, patents related to agriculture and new plant varieties, analyzes the strategies of agricultural intellectual property protection and intelligent precision poverty alleviation under the rural revitalization strategy, and puts forward some suggestions.