Abstract
One of the most critical development problems in China is the existence of a considerable number of contiguous destitute areas (also known as regional poverty), and the causes behind such regional poverty might structurally differ by geographical characteristics. To deal with the problem, this paper, based on the “Three Nature” theory of New Economic Geography, first establishes an analytical index system of poverty causes, and then uses the gray relational method to identify the causes of poverty in 14 contiguous destitute areas. The results show that, at present, the main poverty causes in the mountain areas in eastern part of China, such as the Dabie mountain area, the Yanshan-Taihang mountain area and the southern Greater Khingan mountain area, are the shortage of human capital and information technology. In contrast, the main factors behind regional poverty in the central mountain areas such as the LuoXiao mountain area, the Lvliang mountain area and the Wuling mountain area are poor transport, locational and other natural factors. The western mountain regions such as Tibet, Tibetan areas in four provinces, South Xinjiang’s three districts and the West Yunnan border area are especially affected by natural endowments, but each area’s specific cause for poverty is different from one another. Finally, this paper discusses relevant policy issues regarding the fact that poverty causes are different by distinct natural factors.
Highlights
Poverty is a worldwide development problem, and China has taken anti-poverty as a national strategy
According to the Outline of poverty alleviation and development in rural China (2011–2020) and the 2011 Central Poverty Alleviation and Development Conference, the contiguous destitute areas of China include 11 contiguous special difficulty areas such as the Wuling mountain area and the Dabie mountain area, together with the South Xinjiang’s three districts, Tibet area and the Tibetan areas in four provinces that are explicitly implemented with special supportive policies
Based on the theory of economic geography, this study analyzed the Contiguous Destitute Areas and established indicators system for poverty causes from the perspectives of three geography natures, used quantitative methods to collect the data, and established an analysis model to explore the causes of poverty in 14 contiguous destitute areas
Summary
Poverty is a worldwide development problem, and China has taken anti-poverty as a national strategy. One serious problem in China is the existence of many contiguous destitute areas, namely, regional poverty. Anti-poverty in these contiguous destitute areas has become a largely debated issue in multidisciplinary studies such as economics and sociology. Different from other general problems relating to poverty, in some regions and individual households, poverty is primarily driven by disasters, diseases or education issues The causes of such kind of poverty are mainly social factors. According to the Outline of poverty alleviation and development in rural China (2011–2020) and the 2011 Central Poverty Alleviation and Development Conference, the contiguous destitute areas of China include 11 contiguous special difficulty areas such as the Wuling mountain area and the Dabie mountain area, together with the South Xinjiang’s three districts, Tibet area and the Tibetan areas in four provinces that are explicitly implemented with special supportive policies. Poverty cannot be attributed to a single reason—natural, economic or individual—and poor natural conditions, weak location, laggard infrastructure, uneven regional development and even the pre-poverty development policy are all the main cruxes of sustained poverty in rural China [4] to deepen the understanding of widespread regional poverty in China, we use a multi-dimensional geography analysis and propose appropriate targeted policies
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