Wound Healing Ointment Research Articles

Microbiological studies in the development of wound healing ointment

Aim. To select the concentration of fennel essential oil as an antimicrobial component and amaranth oil as an antioxidant component in the composition of a wound healing ointment for the wound therapy in the second and third phases of the wound process. Materials and methods. The study objects were model samples of the ointment with the lipophilic extract of marigold, amaranth oil and fennel essential oil. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the model samples of the ointment was determined in experiments in vitro by the agar diffusion method. The study of antioxidant properties was performed by biotesting on the biological model of Paramecium caudatum infusoria grown in the Lozin-Lozinsky nutrient medium at a temperature of 20-26 °С. The results were statistically processed using the Excel for Windows software. Results and discussion. The results of the studies conducted showed the presence of the antimicrobial action of varying degrees for all ointment samples with different concentrations of fennel essential oil. There was a slow increase in the antimicrobial activity of ointments with an increase in the concentration of fennel essential oil. The promising concentrations of fennel essential oil providing the maximum antimicrobial effect in the composition of the wound healing ointment were 1.5 % and 2.0 %. Taking into account a slight difference in the growth retardation zones and the requirements of safety and cost-effectiveness 1.5 % concentration of fennel essential oil was chosen for further research. Exposure of the experimental samples with different concentrations of amaranth oil led to a prolongation of the period of activity of infusoria under the influence of poisons compared to the control, indicating the presence of a high level of antioxidant activity. Conclusions. Based on the microbiological studies and biotesting, the concentration of antimicrobial and antioxidant components (fennel essential oil – 1.5 %, amaranth oil – 8 %) has been substantiated when developing a wound healing ointment for the therapy in the second and third phases of the wound process.

Standardization of Simplicia Golden Sea Cucumber (Stichopus hermanii) from Pelapis Island, West Kalimantan

Standardization of medicinal ingredients and drug preparations is a requirement to ensure reproducibility of pharmaceutical and therapeutic quality. With standardization, it is hoped that it can further increase trust in medicines derived from natural ingredients. Golden sea cucumber is one of the natural ingredients that can be used as raw material for wound healing ointment preparations. The main content in golden sea cucumbers that play a role in wound healing is protein. This study aims to standardize the Simplicia of golden sea cucumber (Stichopus hermanii) originating from Pelapis Island, West Kalimantan. Standardization uses physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters like raw material requirements for standardized herbal medicines (OHT). The test is carried out in the laboratory using the method according to SNI. The results of the Simplicia test of golden sea cucumbers from Pelapis Island, West Kalimantan, included water content of 9.57%, zinc 9.32 mg/kg, cadmium < 0.030 mg/kg, copper < 0.030 mg/kg, lead < 0.066 mg/kg , mercury < 0.007 mg/kg, Total Plate Number 8.0 x 103 colonies/g, E.Coli < 3 APM/gr and Salmonella negative have fulfilled the requirements. The results of the Simplicia test of golden sea cucumbers include 13.4% ash content, 1.52% acid insoluble ash, 36.1% protein, 1.39% total fat, 13.1 mg/kg magnesium, and 10.6 mg iron. /kg. The results of the phytochemical screening of golden sea cucumber Simplicia were positive for containing alkaloids, saponins, and triterpenoids.

Phytochemical Screening of alcoholic extract of Thuja Occidentalis Leaves for Formulation and Evaluation of Wound Healing Ointment

Herbal cosmetics are concoctions that are used to beautify and improve the look of humans. The goal of this study was to create and assess a herbal ointment including leaves extract made with alcohol for wound healing. Recent studies in several regions of the world have revealed that t. occidentalis and its active component thujone have a high potential for treating a variety of health problems. T. occidentalis preparations can effectively combat microbial/worm infection. It has antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. In addition to these effects, it has insecticidal, molluscicidal, and nematocidal efficacy against certain pests.During the research period, the formulated ointment demonstrated good consistency and spreadability, homogeneity, pH, non-greasy, and no signs of phase separation. Stability characteristics such as visual appearance, nature, viscosity, and aroma of the prepared ointment revealed no significant modification over the research period.

NEW WAY SCOPING OF TECHNOLOGY FOR OBTAINING BACTERICIDAL AND WOUNDING OINTMENT

In medical practice, for the prevention and treatment of various diseases, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and regenerative herbal medicines are widely used. The healing properties of medicinal plants are due to active or pharmacologically active substances - alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, enzymes, vitamins, hormones, phytoncides, etc. They are the most valuable, although they are contained in plants in minimal quantities. The article presents the results of obtaining a bactericidal, wound-healing ointment based on a dry extract of celandine herb, propolis and sea buckthorn oil.

Wound Healing Potential/Activity of Polyherbal Ointment Containing Salvadora persica, Azadirachta indica and Calendula officinalis Extracts: An Experimental Study

The present study explore the wound healing potential of a novel herbal ointment formulation, fast wound healing ointment (FWHO) composed of 10% w/w crude ethanolic extracts of Salvadora persica (sticks), Azadirachta indica (leaves) and Calendula officinalis (whole plant) on excision wound model in albino rats. The FWHO was applied topically once daily on the wound to evaluate the rate of contraction and period of epithelialization in rats. Complete contraction and epithelialization of wound was observed at 19 day (P<0.0005) in test group animals compared with standard (polyfax skin ointment) at 23 day (P<0.0005) and control group (blank petroleum jelly) at 29 day respectively. It was observed that 10% FWHO has potent wound healing capability as evidenced by decrease in the period of epithelialization and increase in the rate of wound contraction in test group as compared to the standard and control groups. The test group illustrates 34.4%, while the standard group shows 20.6% decrease in the time of epithelialization as compare to control group. The study revealed that test ointment (10% FWHO) has a potential to promote wound healing by accelerating the rate of epithelialization and scar formation as compare to standard (polyfax skin ointment) and control (blank petroleum jelly) groups.

The theoretical substantiation of the composition of a wound-healing ointment with active components of plant origin

Aim. To theoretically substantiate the composition of a wound healing ointment with active substances of plant origin for the therapy in the second and third phases of the wound process. Materials and methods. The study object was the generalization and analysis of scientific literature data on the use of medicinal plants in the treatment of the wound process. Results and discussion. Based on the analysis of scientific literature data on the chemical composition and pharmacological properties of medicinal plants used in the treatment of the wound process, the expediency of using the lipophilic extract of marigold flowers, amaranth oil, fennel essential oil as active ingredients in the wound healing ointment has been substantiated. Marigold flowers due to the presence of a large number of carotenoids and flavonoidswill provide a high level of the antimicrobial, reparative action of the ointment. Due to the content of complex biologically active compounds, such as tocopherols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, phytosterols and squalene, the amaranth oil has a pronounced antioxidant activity. The components that are part of the essential oil of fennel contributeto the connective tissue growth and the skin restoration, as well as provide a high level of the antifungal action. Conclusions. The analysis of scientific literature data has shown the possibility of using herbal medicines in the treatment of the wound process. The greatest advantage of herbal medicines is the high degree of assimilation of molecules of biologically active substances, which are part of natural compounds as the most physiological form, by skin cells. The expediency of using the lipophilic extract of marigold, amaranth oil and fennel essential oil when developing a wound-healing ointment has been proven. The composition selected will provide the predicted antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and reparative effect of the ointment, reduce the likelihood of resistance in pathogenic microorganisms, and accelerate granulation and epithelialization of tissues.

Wound Healing Activity of Neocarya macropyhlla Seed Extracts in Wistar Rats

Neocarya macropuylla seed hexane extract (NMSHE) was examined for the presence of various phytoconstituents. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by testing the extract on selected drug resistant bacteria viz: S. aureus, E. coli, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa and fungi viz: C. albicans, A. niger using agar technique of pour plate and surface plate dilution that were selected based on their peculiarity to humans. Wound healing activity of NMSHE was investigated by formulating a dosage of 5 % and 10 % concentration of the extract in paraffin. 21 wistar rats shared into three groups with each group housing 7 animals each over an experimental period of 21 days were properly fed and given free access to water throughout the experiment that was authenticated by the weight measurement taken every four days. Investigation of the wound healing activity of the extract was performed by measuring the wound area (mm2) and percentage of wound closure on the 4th, 8th, 12th, 16th and 20th day of the study; the wound epitheliasation was determined from the 16th to 20th days. Histopathological analysis of the control and test groups’ skin tissues, liver, kidney, heart, lung and spleen and haematological evaluation of the blood parameters were carried out at the end of the experiment.
 The result of the phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of terpenoids and glycosides in NMSHE. At 5 % and 10 % concentrations, NMSHE inhibited the growth of E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, B. subtilis, C. albicans and A. niger. Group 2 rats treated with 5 % NMSHE gave a faster and better epitheliasation time than those in group 1 treated with control base ointment. The histopathology and haematology analyses result showed no disparity between the control and the test group; this is a point of reference showing that the extracts seemed to possess some essential constituents which actually hastened the wound healing process.
 macrophylla seed hexane extract healed the wound created on wistar rats at a faster time than the control ointment hence could probably serve as a replacement to conventional wound healing ointment.

Cytotoxic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Dihydroisocoumarin and Xanthone Derivatives from Garcinia picrorhiza

Garcinia picrorhiza, a woody plant native to Sulawesi and Maluku Islands, Indonesia, has been traditionally used as a wound healing ointment. In our continuous search for bioactive compounds from this plant, 15 phenolic compounds were isolated from its stem bark, including a previously undescribed dihydroisocoumarin, 2′-hydroxyannulatomarin, and two undescribed furanoxanthones, gerontoxanthone C hydrate and 3′-hydroxycalothorexanthone. The structures of the new metabolites were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS. Gerontoxanthone C hydrate possessed cytotoxicity against four cancer cells (KB, HeLa S3, MCF-7, and Hep G2) with IC50 values ranging from 5.6 to 7.5 µM. Investigation on the anti-inflammatory activities showed that 3′-hydroxycalothorexanthone inhibited NO production in RAW 264.7 and BV-2 cell lines with IC50 values of 16.4 and 13.8 µM, respectively, whereas only (−)-annulatomarin possessed inhibition activity on COX-2 enzyme over 10% at 20 µM. This work describes the presence of 3,4-dihydroisocoumarin structures with a phenyl ring substituent at C-3, which are reported the first time in genus Garcinia. These findings also suggest the potential of furanxanthone derivatives as cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory agents for further pharmacological studies.

Safety assessment of bio-synthesized iodine-doped silver nanoparticle wound ointment in experimental rats

BackgroundIn the wake of antibiotic resistance, treatment of intractable wound have been very challenging and any alternative treatment which may lead to less use of antibiotics deserves further exploitation. Nanoparticle conjugates has potentially not only reduce antibiotic use but it has been considered safe and effectively disinfect wounds already colonized with resistant bacteria as well as promoting granulation tissue formation. In this study, Iodine-doped silver nanoparticle Ointment (Ag-I NPs) was investigated for its toxicological effect on excisional wound of albino rats.MethodsAqueous extraction of Piper guineense leaf was carried out and used for the synthesis of Ag-I NPs. The synthesized Ag-I NPs were characterized by Ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer which confirmed the availability of silver nanoparticles. The particles were then used to prepare a wound healing ointment for treating excision wound inflicted on wistar rat model. Blood samples, liver and kidney biopsies were collected on the 21st day of the experiment from all the rats for hematology, biochemical and histopathological analysis.ResultIn the hematological and biochemical analysis, hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) of experimental rats treated with Ag-I NPs were significantly different (p < 0.05) compared to the untreated group. In the histopathology, the photomicrograph of the liver showed the normal control, PEG, Ag-NP, and Ag-I NP groups remained intact displaying distinctive histo-morphological appearance and stable cell density while the untreated (UTD) group showed fatty liver and reduced cellular density. The kidney photomicrograph of the normal control and Ag- I NP groups were present with intact renal corpuscles while the other photomicrographs displayed corpuscular degeneration marked by the large halo-spaced bowman space.ConclusionSilver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and iodine-doped silver nanoparticle (Ag-I NP) altered haematological parameters in the rats and also influenced some biochemical changes in the serum of the rats. While in the histopathological study, the antioxidant present in the plant extract used to synthesize Ag NPs and Ag I-NPs may have functioned in synergy to maintain and preserve the integrity of the hepatocytes and renal corpuscles of the rats.

Searching for synergistic effects of low-molecular weight chitosan derivatives, chitosan and copper nanoparticles for wound healing ointment

A high demand for modern wound healing drugs is associated with an increasing amount of injuries, chronic and diabetic ulcers, and wound infection resistance to antibiotics. The strategy for improving antibacterial capacity along with stimulation of wound reparation seems fruitful. Chitosan and copper have multifunctional properties, possessing both regenerative and antimicrobial action. The use of modified copper nanoparticles (NPs) of optimal size and phase content in combination with low molecular weight chitosan derivatives or chitosan NPs in the hydrophilic polymer composition with cellulose opens new horizons for wound management. The best synergistic composition for wound healing was a combination of 0.002% Cu1O x NPs and 0.05% N-sulfosuccinoyl-N-carboxymethyl chitosan. Such hydrogels increase the rate of wound closure (by 37%–39% as compared to gels containing individual components and by 65% in comparison with control), to provide effective angiogenesis, re-epithelisation, collagen deposition in the wound, antibacterial activity and cell biocompatibility. The high regenerative effectiveness of ointments with copper NPs at the initial stage of wound healing seems to be a result of activation of the signal rout of the regeneration process by copper, an increase of the NO level in the wound tissue was evidenced by EPR studies. This work proposes a new approach in the development of polyfunctional ointments with wound healing and antibacterial properties.

Evaluation of the wound healing activity of ethanolic extract of Bergenia ciliata (Haw.) Sternb. rhizome with excision wound model in Wistar rats

Ethnopharmacological relevanceBergenia ciliata (Haw.) Sternb. is a plant growing in the Himalayan region of India where locals use its rhizomes for a variety of disease conditions including wounds and fractures. Although some of its pharmacological benefits have been documented, scientific validation of its wound healing property has not been done so far. Aim of the studyTo ensure use of this natural remedy as an alternative therapy to the faster wound healing, this study evaluated the wound healing activity of the ethanolic extract of Bergenia ciliata rhizome using excision wound model in Wistar rats. Material and methodsFour groups (n = 10) of rats were subjected to different topical wound regimens for 14 days. Simple paraffin-lanolin ointment was applied to the control group rats. One group was applied povidone-iodine 10% (w/w) ointment. The other two groups were treated with ointment of ethanolic extract of Bergenia ciliata at 5 or 10% (w/w) rhizome, respectively. Blood and wound tissue samples were collected on 7th and 14th day of treatment and were correspondingly subjected to histopathology, and the assays of L-hydroxyproline, D-glucosamine, antioxidants and pro-inflammatory cytokines. ResultsWound histology revealed increased collagenation, re-epithelialization and neovascularization while decreased bacterial colonies in the treatment groups. These histological changes and wound contraction were better in the 10% Bergenia ciliata group. Tissue L-hydroxyproline levels, blood enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were increased in the treatment groups. On 7th day of treatment glucosamine levels increased in the treatment groups, while as a reverse trend was observed on day 14. Plasma levels of TNF-α and IL-6 decreased in the treatment groups. ConclusionsThe results indicate that treatment with Bergenia ciliata extract ointment provides satisfactory wound healing which is comparable to that of the standard wound healing ointment, povidone-iodine and is surpassing simple lanolin-paraffin ointment. The improved wound healing, especially in the 10% Bergenia ciliata groups, can be attributed to satisfactory profile of the above studied parameters in these treatment groups which is also construed by the phytochemical analysis of its extract revealing the presence of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds gallic acid, catechin, quercetin and rutin as the major active components.

Formulation and characterization of a novel cutaneous wound healing ointment by silver nanoparticles containing Citrus lemon leaf: A chemobiological study

Abstract Introduction Formulating new wound-healing ointments by natural compounds is the first research priority in the developing and developed countries. This study was intended to provide green formulation of Ag-NP ointment containing Citrus lemon leaf aqueous extract and examine its capability of healing cutaneous wounds and its antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Materials and Methods Different techniques, including UV-Vis and FT-IR spectroscopy, were used to characterize Ag-NPs. MTT assay was used to investigate cytotoxicity property of Ag-NPs. Antioxidant activity of Ag-NPs were examined by DPPH in the presence of butylated hydroxytoluene as positive control. Parameters of cutaneous wound healing were measured both histopathologically and biochemically. Results Clear peak at 429 nm shown by UV-Vis spectroscopy indicated formation of Ag-NPs. In FT-IR spectroscopy, presence of many antioxidant compounds provided an excellent condition to reduce silver in Ag-NPs. FE-SEM and TEM images showed spherical Ag-NPs with an average size of 25.1nm. The synthesized silver nanoparticles had excellent cell viability on the HUVECs line and indicated this method was nontoxic. Application of Ag-NP ointment improved wound healing parameters significantly (P ≤ 0.01). Ag-NPs reduced wound areas, total cells, neutrophils and lymphocytes significantly (P ≤ 0.01) and increased wound contracture, vessels, hexosamines, hydroxyl proline, hexuronic acid, fibrocytes, fibroblasts and fibrocyte/ fibroblast ratios significantly (P ≤ 0.01). Conclusions Once our results are verified by clinically experimental studies, Ag-NP ointment can be used as a modern one to treat several types of wounds, especially cutaneous ones, in humans.

Reinwardtia indica: phytochemical screening and evaluation of wound healing activity of the extracts in experimental model rats.

Reinwardtia indica is traditionally used for wound healing. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the wound healing activity of leaves extracts of R. indica using the excision wound model in rats. The leaves of R. indica were collected from Gondrang, Chitwan, Nepal. Leaves were shade dried, extracted by double maceration and subjected to phytochemical screening. Then, the fusion method was used for the formulation of ointment and evaluated. Rats (n=24) were divided into four groups with 6 in each. Excision wound model was used, 2 cm diameter (314 mm2), 2 mm depth wound was created. The treatment was given daily topically to all groups and the % mean wound contraction rate was calculated on days 4, 8, 12 and 16. The result was analyzed statistically using Graph pad prism version 5. Phytochemical test revealed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, phenol, terpenoid, carbohydrate, etc. All the evaluation parameters showed satisfactory results. The extract of R. indica ointment (2% w/w and 5% w/w) increased the wound contraction rate day by day. The % means wound contraction rate, on day 12, (80% and 88%), and on day 16, (97% and 100%) and statistically significant difference was at p<0.0001. The R. indica extract ointment showed an increased wound contraction rate. So, in further R. indica could be used for commercial production of wound healing ointment.

Study of Wound-Healing Ointment Composition based on Highly Dispersed Zinc Oxide Modified with Nanoscale Silver

A complex modern study of the ratio effect of components of an ointment composition based on highly dispersed Zinc oxide modified with nanoscale silver on its physical and chemical properties is performed. It was found that at a concentration of glycerol equal to C = 10%, and at a concentration of methylcellulose C = 3%, the value of the active acidity of the ointment composition is optimal (pH = 6.5-7). Studies of the structural and mechanical properties of the ointment composition have shown t

15871 A demonstration of the excellent tolerability and safety of a lanolin alcohol–containing wound healing ointment

Background: Lanolin alcohol (LA) is an ingredient used in ointments for wound healing because of its high cholesterol content, a key component of skin’s intercellular lipids. Purification of lanolin (wool wax) yields a subfraction of LA with many different purities present in the marketplace. LA has been identified as an allergen causing allergic contact dermatitis. In 2011, the concentration of a specific LA used in the standard dermatology patch test series was increased from 30% to 50% (resulting in a actual concentration of 5% LA).

“Formulation of Morinda Wound Healing Ointment”

The biological process of Wound healing comprises the trauma and pathologic condition of the oral mucosa.For this requires proper management so the wound heal faster and without any complication.The strong indicator of wound healing is the increase in number of fibroblast cells in the oral mucosa. The remodelling phase of wound healing shows decreasing fibroblast cell proliferation and then collagen fibres are synthesized. Noni plant have tremendous medicinal uses, by observing this fact Noni leaf (Morinda citrifolia L.), a part of the noni plant, was successfully used in present research to make ointments to heal soft tissue in wounds. The leaves of Morinda have potential chemical compounds such as glycosides, sterol, amino acids and scopletin that may be useful in the wound repair process. In addition to this Morinda citrifolia leaf contains active substances such as saponin, tannin, polyphenol flavonoid, and triterpen. The purpose of this research is to discover the activeness of the Morinda citrifolia leaves extracts in normal solvent such as ethanol to make ointments in order to arrest the growth of the bacteria.[1] By using macernation extract of morinda leaves done successfully, ointment made and done the evalution test such as spreadibilty, diffusion study, washability and very important antimicrobial test. The entire test gives corresponding good result, so the present research showing good response to healing mechanism of wounds.

Pharmacological assessment of immunotropic activity of new gel metabiotic on cellular and humoral immunity in experimentally modeled thermal skin burns

Thermal skin burns were experimentally modeled in laboratory animals revealed immunotropic effects of new gel metabiotic consisting of complex biological active substances produced by Bacillus subtilis B-3679 strain as part of three gel transcutaneous bases: tizol, eftiderm and organosilicon glycerohydrogel on cellular and humoral immunity. The aim of the study was to evaluate immunotropic activity of a new gel metabiotic on cellular and humoral immunity in experimentally modeled thermal skin burns in 60 white laboratory Wistar rats, weighed 180-220 g, for metabiotic consisting of a complex biologically active substances produced by Bacillus subtilis B-3679 strain containng the three gel transcutaneous bases: tizol, ephtiderm and organosilicon glycerohydrogel (KTGG). Registered, standardized antimicrobial and wound-healing ointment levosin was used as a control. The experimental data obtained confirm the effectiveness of using the drugs studied for treatment of first and second degree thermal burns revealed by faster decreased area of affected area compared to experimental animals treated with levosin. While evaluating therapeutic effectiveness of experimental samples of metabiotic-based gel preparations, their influence on various parameters of cellular and humoral immunity in modeled thermal skin burn was examined. We assessed phagocytic activity of blood neutrophils and peritoneal macrophages, quantified T and B lymphocytes, as well as antibody-forming cells and immunoglobulins of various classes. It was found that in experimental animals reproducing models of traumatic skin injuries, there is an increase in the level of all the studied parameters of humoral immunity. Concentration of immunoglobulin M, circulating immune complexes and immunoglobulin E, as well as various cytokines, increased larger. The level of α-interferon and the receptor antagonist interleukin-1 was elevated. Thus, the study of the humoral status of experimental animals that received test metabiotic-based gel preparations in modeled thermal skin burns, allows to conclude that they significantly influenced various arms both cellular and humoral immunity. More marked effects were observed for metabiotic-based drugs containing tizol and KTGG. In general, based on the experimental data we can conclude that the relatively high therapeutic effectiveness of examined drugs in the treatment of thermal skin burn wounds in experimental animals, use of which provided earlier removal of necrotic masses, accelerated regeneration processes, and prevented development of secondary wound infection in burns.

STUDY OF THE QUALITY COMPOSITION OF MODERN WOUND-HEALING AGENTS BASED ON DECAMETOXIN AND METHYLURACIL

The author has substantiated the concentration of methyluracil (in vivo) and decamethoxine (in vitro) for the development of the composition, technology, and biopharmaceutical research of an antimicrobial and wound-healing ointment with methyluracil, deca

Preparation and evaluation of burns wound healing ointment base of leaves and stem bark of Anthocleista djalonensis (L) extract using animal model.

BACKGROUND: Burn wounds are inescapable life events especially in low income areas. Contamination of the burn wound site results in localized wound infection, hence the need for potent phytochemicals readily available for wound healing. The use of stem bark of Anthocleista djalonensis efficacy for burn wound has not been evaluated to the best of our knowledge.&#x0D; AIM: The study is aimed at evaluating and comparing the wound healing potential of ointment base of leaves and Stem bark of Anthocleista djalonensis on burn wounds created on wistar albino rats.&#x0D; METHODS: The leaves and Stem bark of Anthocleista djalonensis collected were extracted using 95%v/v methanol and phytochemical analysis conducted. Simple ointments of varying concentrations were formulated to screen for wound healing activity using the burn wound model on experimental rats grouped into six (n=4). Group 1 was treated with silver sulfadiazine cream (positive control), group 2 with ointment base (negative control), group 3 with 1% stem bark extract ointment, group 4 with 2% stem bark ointment, group 5 with 1% leave extract ointment, and group 6 with 2% leave extract ointment. All animals were anesthetized before the creation of burn wounds. Measurement was taken on day zero and the wound was left untreated for 48 hours in order to allow bacterial colonization before daily treatment of the wound for 16 days.&#x0D; RESULTS: The result of the phytochemical screening revealed that both extract of Anthocleista djalonensis contains flavonoids, tannins and saponins. On day 2, 1% stem bark, 2% stem bark and 1% leaf extract had 16%, 15%, and 10% wound contraction respectively which was higher than the 8.5% wound contraction of silver sulfadiazine. Also as the concentration of the extract increased, the wound healing effect also increased as seen by the percentage wound contraction on day 16 for all treatment.&#x0D; CONCLUSION: The findings of the study have shown that methanolic extracts of stem bark and leaf of Anthocleista djalonensis contained bioactive constituents which have burn wound healing activity. The stem bark extract showed better activity when compared with the leaf extract and also the positive control (silver sulfadiazine).&#x0D; &#x0D;

Evaluation of Wound Healing Potential of Chrysophyllum albidum Hexane Seed Extract in Wistar Rat

Phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the seeds of Chrysophyllum albidum have been established. However, scientific evaluation of its wound healing activity is lacking. Thus, this study was aimed at evaluating the wound healing potential of Chrysophyllum albidum hexane seed extract using wistar rats. The seed cotyledon was collected, air-dried, blended and extracted with n-hexane by continuous cold extraction. Phytochemicals, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the extracts were assayed by standard methods. Three groups of male wistar rats consisting of seven animals each were used for the animal studies. Wound excision was induced on all animals in the sterilized shaved dorsal fur region.Group1 served as the negative control (untreated), groups 2 and 3 were treated with n-hexane extract (test group) and Povidone-iodine ointment (positive control) respectively. Wound contraction rate and epithelialization time were used to assess the efficiency of the treatment. Group 3 rats had best wound contraction rate with epithelialization time of 16 post-wounding day followed by group 2 (20 days) and group 1 (28 days). The wound healing efficiency of the extract was less than that of the standard ointment but it healed the wound inflicted on the rats faster than the untreated ones. The low wound activity of the seed extract may be due to low phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the extract. Chrysophyllum albidum hexane seed extract have some wound healing activity and therefore have potential for being used as wound healing ointment.