World Perspective Research Articles

Scientometric mapping of organic farming research performance in the global perspective during 2010-2019

This study covers the pattern of organic farming research performance at the global level. The scientific analysis and outcome citations are used to investigate the scientific representation of the country. This study is conducted based on the output publications in organic farming research during the period 2010 to 2019. A total number of 10704 publication data were collected from the Web of Science (WoS) core collection database. BibExcel, Vosviewer, R statistical software, and MS Excel are used for data analysis. The study found different aspects of organic farming research such as increment of publications, document types, prolific authors, network analysis of co-authorship, co-citations of authors, institutions, countries engaged, and source impact of publications. The maximum number of publications was in 2019 with 1413 records, and the minimum number of publications in 2010 with 796 records. The author Lal R has made the highest publications (66). This study indicates the annual scientific production of organic farming, the world perspectives of citation count, collaboration rate, and so on. Researchers have also indicated further research areas using databases such as Scopus, PubMed, and Chemical abstract.

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Foreign Direct Investment – The World Perspective

Purpose – Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has been considered a robust element of globalization that was chiefly immune to financial and economic threats. However, late 2019 introduced international direct investors to COVID-19, a yet unknown risk factor. The aim of this study is to take a holistic perspective and test a research hypothesis of a negative impact of COVID-19 on relative inward FDI activity on the global scale.Research method – FDI is modelled with a series of literature-based determinants including aggregate independent variables that allowed to overcome the issue of too many FDI determinants and model underspecification simultaneously. A series of tests is run on two models (n = 152 and n = 141) to assure their econometric validity.Results – Results show that number of COVID-19 related cases and number of deaths have not had an impact on relative inward FDI on the world scale. Originality / value / implications / recommendations – Unlike most studies, this one exa-mines relative FDI host attractiveness from a global/holistic perspective, which provides additional analytical context. Such determinants as market size, access to qualified labour force and quality of governance are shown to trump risks associated with COVID-19 in determining FDI activity. Policymakers should focus on economic growth, access to qualified labour force and political stability. Hence, lockdown policies were not the optimum solution.

Nurses' perceptions of quality of work life in private hospitals in Enugu, Nigeria: A qualitative study

Despite being essential for retaining nurses, not much is known about nurses' quality of work life (QWL) in private hospitals in sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria. We explored nurses' perceptions of QWL, factors influencing it, how it affects motivation, and strategies for its improvement. The study was conducted in seven private hospitals in Enugu, Nigeria. The design was qualitative, using focus group discussion (n = 7) with registered nurses (n = 66) purposively selected using maximum variation sampling and the inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using verbatim transcription and thematic analysis. The nurses understood QWL from work-family life, work design, work context and work world perspectives. Opportunities for skill acquisition, resource availability, helpfulness from colleagues, and a hygienic work environment improved the QWL and motivation of nurses. Work-family life factors including caring obligations, night shifts, long hours, burnout, and inappropriate leave policies; work design factors including declining autonomy, inadequate staffing, and a high workload; work context factors consisting of a lack of participatory decision-making, blaming nurses for gaps, restrictive training policy, limited training opportunity, and insecurity; and work world factors related to poor remuneration, poor community view of nursing and ease of job termination undermined QWL and demotivated nurses. Strategies identified by the nurses to improve QWL included improving staffing, vacation, care coordination, supportive supervision, teamwork, promotion, participatory decision-making, training opportunities, timely hand-over of shifts, job recognition, and compensation. The quality of nursing work life in private hospitals in Enugu needs improvement. Quality improvement programs addressing the barriers to nurses' QWL are warranted.

The Embodiment of Traditional Partería in the Colombian Pacific Region.

A Traditional Partera refers to a woman who assists, by traditional practices, women during gestation, birth, and reproductive life, aside of the formal health care system. Their practice, Traditional Partería, is considered a key ancestral cultural component in marginalized communities in Colombia. A comprehensive description of the essence of Colombian Traditional Partería is currently missing, and this practice is facing the loss of its body of knowledge. Here, we describe the essence of being a Colombian Traditional Partera. Eight Traditional Parteras participated in phenomenological interviews and body maps focused on their embodied conscious experience of being a Traditional Partera in Colombia. Seventeen general meaning units were identified and grouped in three embodied components (Head, Heart, and Hands) related to practice, knowledge, feelings, perceptions, context, and culture. We discuss philosophical reflections and implications of knowing other's world perspectives, describing a sensitive triad central in the Traditional Partería practice.

Macroinvertebrate communities and physicochemical characteristics along an anthropogenic stress gradient in a southern Nigeria stream: Implications for ecological restoration

Anthropogenic pollution of water has become an urgent management challenge across the world. We explored benthic macroinvertebrates community structure in relation to physicochemical conditions of the water column and sediments along an anthropogenic stress gradient in a southern Nigeria stream. We used Principal Component Analysis (PCA) followed by Canonical Corresponding Analysis (CCA) to analyse the original monitoring dataset (33 water quality indexes), identify the important physicochemical variables, and evaluate the relationship between the concluded important physicochemical variables and macroinvertebrates assemblages. PCA and CCA showed that sediment heavy metals explained larger part of variance in benthic macroinvertebrates assemblage. CCA showed a strong relationship between species metrics and environmental predictors. Sediment heavy metals pollution residues from industries that have relocated from the catchments of Site 2 affected the sediment and water quality as well as the benthic community structure at this site, demonstrated by the dominance of organic and heavy metal pollution tolerant taxa. Due to rapid urbanization, gradients of anthropogenic impacts resulted in an increase in the profile of heavy metal and nutrient concentrations along Sites 2, 3, and 4, indicated by the dominance of pollution-tolerant taxa of Oligochaete and Diptera groups. Our results supply useful baseline knowledge on urban chemical pollution in a developing world perspective. The long-term impression from sediment heavy metals pollution residues resulting from relocated industries should be a concern to environmental managers. For ecological restoration, objective management policies, legislation, and participatory scientific monitoring are key.

Individualized AML Induction with Venetoclax Based Therapy in Unfit Treatment Naïve Patients Aged ≤ 60 Years: A Real World Perspective from India

Introduction:Although AML outcomes have reportedly improved in the developed world, outcomes continue to be poor in low middle income countries (LMIC). Apart from financial constraints, presence of baseline infections is one of the major reasons for early mortality and treatment deferral. According to an Indian study of 268 patients acute leukemia, more than 54% patients had baseline infections out of which only 40% received induction versus 93 % patients who did not have baseline infections.(Ragesh R et al EHA23 abstract book: Hemasphere; 2018)Venetoclax has improved outcomes in AML and has been approved in elderly population. There is an unmet need for protocols for younger patients who are unfit for 3+7 due to multi drug resistant baseline infections or ECOG ≥2 or organ dysfunction.Methods:This is a single centre prospective observational study of AML patients who received either Azacytidine+Venetoclax or modified 3+7 regimen with Venetoclax.We recruited 26 AML patients aged 60 or younger who had clinico-radiological evidence of infection or ECOG PS ≥2 or comorbidities from July'19 to March'21. Therapy was individualized based on the nature of infections, ECOG PS and co morbidities into two cohorts by the treating panel.Cohort A (n=12) received Azacytidine @75mg/m 2 x 7 days with Venetoclax 100mg on day1, 200mg on day 2 and 100mg from day 3 with Voriconazole from day 3 onwards as antifungal prophylaxis and to reduce the cost. This regimen was preferred in patients who were unfit to receive modified 3+7 regimen.Cohort B (n=14) received modified 3+7. This included backbone of Cytarabine (Ara C) infusion @100mg/m 2 with Venetoclax. Daunorubicin @60mg/m 2 was added based on the clinical status of the patient.Venetoclax was added from day one in the similar ramp up manner as in cohort A. Day 14 bone marrow examination and cytopenias were used to guide the duration of Venetoclax(range 7-14 days).Daunorubicin doses were individualized as follows: Two doses of Daunorubicin were given to hemodynamically stable patients who showed recovery following antimicrobial therapy. Single dose of Daunorubicin was given to patients with multiple foci of infections or those who required ICU stay either before or during the initiation of therapy. Daunorubicin was omitted in patients on ventilatory support.Ara C infusion was limited to 5 days with 2 doses of Daunorubicin.Patients who achieved CR and had their infections resolved received standard consolidation like High dose Ara C or HSCT as per ELN risk.Results:Baseline data is presented in table 1. Induction mortality was 2/26 (7.6%) till day 56. Median follow up was 6 months. At Day 28 composite CR (CR+CRi) was achieved in 8/12 (66%) in cohort A and 10/14 (71.4%) in cohort B. At day 56 composite CR (CR+CRi) was achieved in 9/12 (75%) in cohort A and 12/14 (85.7%) in cohort B. Overall CR rates at day 28 & day 56 were 69.2% and 80%.One year OS was 62.8 % for the entire study population. It was 76.2% cohort A and 74 % in cohort B as per Kaplan Meier Curve estimates. RFS was 78.6% at 1 year for entire cohort. RFS was 66.7 % in cohort A and 100 % in cohort B.In Cohort A, all patients were continued on Azacytidine and Venetoclax as they were not fit for standard consolidation.At the time of analysis 33% patients experienced relapse, 25% patients had refractory disease and 42% patients continue to be in CR. 33% patients were dead at the time of analysis due to disease.In Cohort B, all patients who achieved CR were consolidated using Ara C @ 9 gm/m 2x 3 cycles. 2 patients underwent HSCT. No relapses were seen in this cohort. At the time of analysis, 3 non relapse mortalities were noted in Cohort B.Adverse events:Hematological toxicities were the most common adverse effects in both the arms. Most common infection was colitis. Sepsis due to carbapenem resistant organisms was the most common cause of grade ≥ 3 febrile neutropenia.On Univariate analysis the outcome was not affected by ICU stay. We report that AML induction using Ara C infusion and Venetoclax backbone with individualized Daunorubicin dose yields non inferior CR rates and durable responses. No patient in cohort B relapsed.We found that by modulating the intensity of induction using Venetoclax we can salvage heavily infected or co-morbid patients.Conclusion:Ara C infusion and Venetoclax based AML induction with individualized Daunorubicin dosing is a promising strategy in unfit younger patients. However, it needs to be validated in a larger prospective trial. [Display omitted] DisclosuresNo relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Assessing Clinical Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Splenectomy for Immune Thrombocytopenia: A Real World Perspective

Background:Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired immune-mediated disorder characterized by frequent relapses. Splenectomy was considered an integral part of ITP therapy until the inception of newer agents, namely rituximab and thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RA) over the last 20 years. Recently the role and timing of splenectomy have become an area of debate. Studies regarding optimal predictors of response have not demonstrated reliable clinical or laboratory factors. We chose to evaluate the most recent practices and outcomes at Montefiore Medical Center to assess the role of splenectomy in ITP treatment in our diverse, real world patient population.Methods:We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients who had undergone splenectomy for ITP at Montefiore between January 1, 2015 and July 1, 2021. Collected data included demographics, comorbidities, prior lines of treatment, and splenectomy outcomes. Outcome data included mortality and need for post-splenectomy treatment. Response rates were assessed by American Society of Hematology (ASH) guidelines.Results:The study population comprised 29 patients who underwent splenectomy for ITP as primary indication. Patients were 59% (N=17) female, with a median age of 45 years. Our multi-ethnic cohort included 11 (40%) Hispanic, 7 (24%) African American, and 6 (21%) Caucasian patients. Five patients chose not to specify. Significant comorbidities prior to undergoing surgery were present in 79% (N=23) of patients, with the average number being two. Of these, 41% (N=12) had a comorbid autoimmune condition. Two were HIV positive.Initial treatment consisted of steroids, IVIG (or WinRho), or both for all patients. Only four patients failed to respond to these therapies; one of whom experienced remission following splenectomy and one of whom expired within 30 days of surgery. Fourteen patients (48%) continued to receive repeat doses of steroids and/or IVIG until surgery. Time to splenectomy was variable, range 0-9 years. Additional therapy following relapse on initial treatment consisted of TPO-RA (11/29, 38%); rituximab (11/29, 38%); immunosuppressive therapy (1/29, 3%); and danazol (3/29, 10%). Response rates for TPO-RA (8/11, 73%), danazol (2/3, 67%), and immunosuppressive therapy (1/1) were greater than that for rituximab infusion (4/11, 36%). Overall, the average number of unique lines of therapy was 2.8 (median=2) and average years from diagnosis to splenectomy was 2.8 (median=1, range 0-11).At a median time from splenectomy to last follow up (or time of death) of 971 days (median=876 days), 18 patients (62.1%) had remained off medical therapy with complete response (CR) following splenectomy. Three patients (10.3%) transiently required additional therapy but subsequently achieved CR and remained off medical therapy for greater than a year. Six patients (20.7%) continued to rely on medical therapy. Two patients (6.9%) died within 30 days of splenectomy; one of unknown causes and one of pulmonary embolism (despite thromboprophylaxis) in the setting of TPO-RA therapy. There was no difference in continued reliance on medical therapy in patients who underwent splenectomy earlier versus later in their ITP course. No differences in outcomes were noted in patients with underlying comorbidities. No differences in outcome were noted between Hispanic, African American, and Caucasian patients.Conclusion:Our review of ITP splenectomies in a real world patient population revealed significant differences in treatment practices and timing of surgical intervention. We did not note differences in splenectomy outcomes across patients of different backgrounds or with comorbidities, confirming that these should not play a role in treatment decisions. Patients who failed to respond to steroids and/or IVIG had lower response rates to splenectomy as has been previously hypothesized, though these represented a very small subset of our study population. Further evaluation of compliance, tolerance, and social factors (i.e. insurance, etc) may assist with understanding differences in response rates to various second line medical therapies. Splenectomy continues to offer high rates of sustained CR for a variety of patients, though reliable predictors of response remain elusive and should continue to be an area of active research. DisclosuresNo relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Horses, Women, Storms and More: The Dialogics of the Human and Non-Human in St. Mawr

This article explores the contending languages of the natural world and humans in Saint Mawr, one of Lawrence’s short novels. The Bakhtinian concept of heteroglossia, the polyphony of different world outlooks and perspectives, may shed light on how Lawrence tries to give a voice to the symbolized and anthropomorphic animals and natural phenomena (storms, life of the plants at the ranch, etc.) to enhance his view of the inseparability of our unconscious and of vast nature. The voices artistically given to a horse and to the powerful element of water (which Lawrence singles out as the predominant one in his essay “The Two Principles”) in St. Mawr paradoxically debunk the voices of deficient humans. The dialogic nature of the spatial and temporal characteristics of the text, or chronotope, may hint at the post-Romantic ecological thinking, for which the mind does not simply attend to the mystical in nature, but also moves away from the aesthetic to the ethical relationship with the environment. St. Mawr also incorporates C.G. Jung’s vision of a horse, thus complicating the dialogic construction of meaning with Lawrence’s ecological and Jungian mystical motifs.

Luta pela vida– The struggle for life

This paper is an introduction to the psychological perspective of the Indigenous people of Brazil, the violations of their human rights and what they perceive as ‘genocide’. From a world perspective the murdering of the best curators of the Amazon forest is perversely adding to the environmental crisis and climate change. Some prefer gold, and beef to the natural wonder of the Amazons. Pursuing monetary gains not only devalues but destroys both forest and humans, causing it to produce CO2instead of absorbing it, and a threat to the globe rather than mitigating disaster. The article touches on what psychology can offer to and learn from the Indigenous people and the need for more research.

TAFSIR FUNDAMENTALIS

Fundamentalism ideology is the massive challenge towards systematical structures including structural state and government, educational aspect, economy, social and cultural aspects. By using systematic approach on al-Qur’an and Hadits interpretations based on Islamic ideology, fundamentalism claims to build their own world perspectives. Their perspectives commonly construct prosecute separations among Islamic society from humanities aspects while claimed that their ideology is universal.
 This concern need to be wisely determined in which the fundamentalism ideology appear in complex society such as Indonesia. The impacts within society is a certain concern. Thus, we should have any consideration to live in plural and complex society. This is the main course of our concern to compose Islamic ideas of rahmatal lil alamin.

Enzalutamide in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer: retrospective, multicenter, real life study.

BACKGROUND Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is the final stage of pCa history and represents a clinically relevant phenotype with an elevated burden of mortality. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of enzalutamide in a real-life setting in mCRPC patients. METHODS Data about all mCRPC patients treated with enzalutamide from September 2017 to September 2018 were collected. Demographics, comorbidities, clinical parameters, outcomes, toxicity, overall survival and progression free survival were analyzed. RESULTS Overall, 158 patients were enrolled. Mean age was 75.8 (±8.7) years with a baseline median PSA of 16.5 (IQR 7.4-47.8) ng/mL. The median follow-up lasted 7.7 (IQR 4-14.1) months. Of all the 10.1% of patients reported grade 3-4 adverse events. 43.7% of patients experienced a progression. Overall, the 6 and 12 months PFS rates were 69.5% (95% CI: 61.7-78.3%) and the 45.6% (95% CI: 36.5-57.1%); a median baseline PSA>16 ng/mL (HR:2.0, 95% CI: 1.2-3.3, P<0.005), the use of opioid (HR: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.9-5.0, P<0.001), a previous treatment (abiraterone, docetaxel or abiraterone + docetaxel) were significantly associated with higher rates of cancer progression. Conversely, a brief pain questionnaire of 0-1 (HR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.7, P<0.001), a 12 weeks 50% PSA reduction (HR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.8, P<0.006) and a longer time to mCRPC (HR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.3-0.7, P<0.002) were related to lower cancer progression rates. CONCLUSIONS Our data shows an effective and safe profile of enzalutamide in a real world perspective in patients with mcRPC.

Gender: In World Perspective 4th Edition by Raewyn Connell—Book review by James Pickles

Gender: In World Perspective 4th Edition by Raewyn Connell—Book review by James Pickles

Inspire Students by Understanding Past Social Movement Success

Generational designations like Baby Boomers and Millennials are marketing concepts, not scientific theories. Yet attempts to understand a certain world perspective from a given point in time can be...

INSIGHTS into Superficial Vein Thrombosis Management – Some New Light and Room for Improvement

Isolated superficial vein thrombosis (SVT) has clearly been underestimated in the past and is now increasingly recognised in view of the potential association with thromboembolic complications. Bauersachs et al.1 conducted a large, prospective observational study (INSIGHTS-SVT) that gives a real world perspective of the current management of acute isolated SVT in Germany. With a very similar design to previous observational studies on the subject, the INSIGHTS-SVT study presents an updated, contemporary view on risk profile and treatment patterns.

A systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of infectious diseases of Duck: A world perspective.

The Indian poultry industry is one of the fast-growing sectors of which duck farming plays an important role. Duck population in India is 33.51 million that is concentrated towards north-east and southern parts of the country who rears mainly for eggs and meat. Duck diseases are of great concern as they badly affect the financial status of the small, landless farmers. Databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, J gate were used to search articles between 2000 and 2019 that showed the prevalence of viral, bacterial, and parasitic duck diseases. R open source software was used to derive forest plots by statistical analysis. Pooled prevalence estimates of duck diseases worldwide was found to be 20% (95%-CI:15–26). Also, continent-wise analysis of all duck diseases has revealed highest prevalence in North America, followed by Asia, Africa, Europe,Oceania and South America. This prevalence of data would be helpful to the policymakers to develop appropriate intervention strategies to prevent and control diseases in their respective locations.

Jennifer Palmer, Intimate Bonds. Family and Slavery in the French Atlantic

In Intimate Bonds, Jennifer Palmer focuses on the French colonial empire, more specifically the port cities of La Rochelle and Port-au-Prince, to analyze how gender and race structured the social order, household and family relationships in the late 18th century. The author addresses the specificity of time-rhythm in the two territorial units from an Atlantic World perspective that integrates the metropolis (France) and the colony (Saint-Domingue) by observing the circulation of people, ideas...

Temporality, Space, and Networks in Indo-Pacific Environmental Histories

This special issue of Pacific Historical Review, “Crossroads of Indo-Pacific Environmental Histories,” is guest edited by Gregory A. Barton and Brett M. Bennett. The special issue explores how environmental historians can use the concept of the Indo-Pacific to understand both the deep and contemporary histories of regions that are frequently viewed through Indian Ocean world or Pacific Ocean world perspectives. A preface and this introduction provide a theoretical overview, establishing some of the key temporal, spatial, and causal parameters of the Indo-Pacific. The following articles by Timothy P. Barnard, by Ruth Morgan, and by Gregory Barton and Brett Bennett highlight how local and foreign powers have sought to control the Indo-Pacific’s natural resources to shape new economies, ecologies, and polities within the region during the past two centuries. Broadly, the special issue encourages other historians to engage with the Indo-Pacific concept due to its theoretical depth as well as its relevance to contemporary geopolitical affairs.

Immaterial Monuments, Narrative Inequality and Glocal Social Work. Towards Critical Participatory Community Art-Based Practices

Abstract The aim of this study is to ask critical questions about the immaterial narrative force of monuments and social justice related to place and space, and to develop an interdisciplinary, participatory, art-based methodology for the study of narrative inequality in glocal social work. The study begins with the glocal turn in social work, a condition characterised by a critical understanding of the interlinked and intersectional localities within a world perspective, theoretically and methodologically reshaped towards space, the arts, architecture and interdisciplinary practice-based collaborations. It develops participatory art as a tool for dialogue and critical spatial practice in urban environment by drawing upon critical scholarship on participatory art projects and the author’s experiences as a guest participant within the project ‘Immaterial Monuments’ in the Western Balkans. Experiences from this project are used as a catalyst to illustrate and discuss how participatory community art and social sculpture, with illustrations from photography and poetry, are useful for visualising the language of narrative inequality. The study argues that the question of how immaterial monuments reflect the worldviews and dominant narratives of privileged elites restrict spaces for marginalised people, and that glocal social work research, education and practice needs to promote anti-discriminatory and social justice perspectives through the critical study of immaterial monuments.

Analytical Exposition of 'Right to Life' with Reference to Judicial Decisions in Pakistan and India

The right to life is an integral right which basically is a necessary requisite to enjoy other rights. This paper begins with an overview of the basic and essential right in which the meaning of life is analyzed and then focuses on how the right to life gains importance in every legislative document and world's perspective to enhance its scope and also its application. On the one hand, this paper analyses the inviolable nature of this fundamental right, but on the flip side, it focuses on the non-absoluteness of this right. Moreover, this article discusses landmark cases decided by the Indian and Pakistani judiciary, which encompass such utilities and facilities that naturally a free-born person in a sovereign country is entitled to enjoy, but all such amenities are subjected to the law of their lands.

An evaluation of the experiences of radiography students working on the temporary HCPC register during the COVID-19 pandemic

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has changed the world's perspective and had a profound impact on all those residing in the United Kingdom, resulting in unprecedented changes being made to the education and training of healthcare students. Universities and practice partners had to respond quickly and work in close collaboration with their wider system partners, Health Education England and the Department of Health, to ensure the changes made within the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC) emergency measures were implemented.The aim was to explore the experiences of final year diagnostic and therapeutic radiography students who joined the HCPC temporary register during phase one of the COVID-19 pandemic. MethodsThis study was informed by a phenomenological approach, in which a purposeful sample of seventeen participants comprising of nine students, six practice educators and two academics were chosen to participate. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted to collect the data via a virtual platform. ResultsThe results highlighted three themes, professionalism and transition to registration, benefits and challenges of working through a pandemic, and emotional impact. Students described how they gained confidence and competence during their time on the temporary register and suggested that professional bodies could consider curriculum changes to encompass a final transitional placement similar to their experience. They said they had been well supported but felt a sense of loss having been denied the normal rite of passage associated with completion of their course and graduation. ConclusionThe results provide insight into how students, practice educators and academics transformed their practice to meet the necessary requirements whilst working during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. They highlight the importance of having good support mechanisms in place and the rewards and challenges for students joining their professional register early. Implications for practiceSome consideration could be made to changing the curriculum in the future to allow for early temporary registration and paid Band 4 final placements for students working as assistant practitioners.