World Perspective Research Articles

Discovering Culture and English: My Learning Experience at Ahmad Dahlan University through UMT's Study Abroad Program

The aim of this research is to open the door for writers to explore their public speaking in Indonesian culture, especially in the UAD campus environment. They detailed interactions with local students, participation in cultural activities, and learning about the traditions and values that underlie Indonesian society. In addition, the author also notes the positive influence that Indonesian culture has on their world perspective. The method used is a qualitative method. The results of this research show that the authors share their challenges and achievements in improving their English language skills. They evaluated how this experience improved their English and public speaking skills, which would be useful in the current context of globalization and provided insight into valuable cross-cultural and linguistic learning experiences through comparative study programs. It also underscores the importance of cultural exchange in opening up global understanding and developing language skills for students participating in such programs.

Approach to Developmental Delay: A Developing World Perspective

Abstract This review article provides an overview of epidemiology of developmental delay, with focus on developing countries and from preventive medicine perspective. It discusses common etiological factors, clinical evaluation and a management approach with available diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies. Management of developmental delay is centered around early intervention with initiation of specific treatment wherever relevant. A holistic multidisciplinary approach that addresses the diverse needs of these children is essential to achieve optimum outcomes.

Effect of Neo-Liberal Globalisation on Women in Garment Industries: AThird World Perspective

The garment industry has significantly contributed to the economic growth of many developing countries,with women constituting a large percentage of the labour force. However, gender inequality persists in thissector, manifesting in inadequate safety standards, wage disparities, and lack of maternity benefits andproper compensation packages. Despite efforts by international organizations to promote decent workingconditions, the effectiveness of these initiatives has been limited due to a lack of understanding of thegendered aspects of these issues. This research aims to shed light on the consequences of patriarchalstructures within organizations in comprehending the challenges faced by women in the garment sector andthe development of appropriate policies. The study assumes that women's voices and concerns areinsufficiently represented in policy-making processes, necessitating a gendered perspective on thedevelopment, implementation, and monitoring of policies related to the garment industry. Thisunderstanding will enhance awareness of the working conditions of women in the garment industry andhighlight the impact of global policies on the female labour force. The study examines the historical aspectsthat contribute to globalisation, subsequent policies, and their impact on women, particularly in the contextof export-oriented garment industries.

“Clustering by Employee Personality”, Modern Working World Perspectives on Work Efficiency in the Organizations

The purpose of this study is to classify the employees of a multinational company with Thai operations. A two-step cluster analysis technique is used in this quantitative study to analyze the data. Six variables are used to group individuals: gender, education level, type of international firm, personality, length of employment with the organization, and work efficiency. The research aims to help businesses build their human resource strategies, and several areas, including hiring, placement, and personal growth. This study distributed 446 questionnaire sets. Six clusters emerged from the two-step cluster analysis. Cluster 1 had the lowest work efficiency and the shortest work time, as characterized by Conscientiousness personality. Cluster 2, which was also characterized by Conscientiousness, had the highest work efficiency and moderate work duration of all groups. Cluster 3, which was distinguished by Emotional Stability, scored fourth in terms of job efficiency, and had a relatively long working time. Cluster 4 (Agreeableness) ranked fifth in work efficiency and had the longest work duration. Extraversion characterized Cluster 5, which ranked third in work efficiency and had a rather long work time. Finally, Cluster 6, which is defined by Openness to Experience, came in second in terms of work efficiency but had the lowest work length.

Universities and the long arm of neo-nationalism

Neo-nationalism and Universities, a collection of essays edited by John Aubrey Douglass, explores the effects of the global phenomenon of neo-nationalism on the behaviors, roles, and values of major universities. The book's contributing authors, diverse and seasoned voices in higher education, illustrate how nationalisms of the past have taken on new configurations, ranging from nascent populism to autocratic regimes, across contexts such as the U.S., UK., Hungary, Poland, Turkey, China, Russia, and Brazil. Through grounded national and pan-national examinations, the chapters shed light on how neo-nationalist parties and leaders have domesticated universities, weaponized science, and curtailed dissent to service their respective political and ideological agendas. Perhaps the biggest takeaway from this book is that universities, despite the malleability of their missions, should function as responsible stewards of knowledge and promote the common good while maintaining the dignity of free persons. While broad in its scope, the book could have been more holistic and pluralistic in its analysis of neo-nationalism by better incorporating Third World perspectives and trends.

Storytelling - Intervention method for children affected by war trauma

The war in Ukraine is the largest humanitarian crisis that Europe has faced in recent years, and our country, Romania, was directly involved in managing the situation created by the refuge of millions of Ukrainians (in particular, mothers and children) who left the country at the beginning of the armed conflict. This type of conflict has had a strong negative impact on children, especially Ukrainian children, and the thus generated trauma can affect the development of self-identity, of spirituality or of the world perspective due to its influence on cognitive processes involving the development of trust, intimacy, control, security, and power. Through our case study we capture the psychological effects of war on children, and the technique „ storytelling” as an effective method of intervention in treating war trauma in children.

The Significance of Al-Jazari's Four-Bucket Water Lifting Machine in the History of Engineering and Science

The developments in the field of engineering have an eclectic structure. During ancient times, the works carried out at the School of Mechanical Engineering in Alexandria were transmitted to the Islamic world through translations at the House of Wisdom (Bayt al-Hikmah). Following this process, engineering studies became the focus of research in the Islamic world, both from theoretical and practical perspectives. Prominent researchers in this context include the Banu Musa brothers (9th century), Al-Farabi (875-950), Al-Hazini (1100s), and Al-Jazari (13th century). The renowned Turkish philosopher Al-Farabi conducted research on air and vacuum, expressing his views in the treatise "Risale li-Ebi Nasr al-Farabi fi’l-Hala" (On Vacuum). Al-Hazini's book "Mizanu’l Hikme" (The Balance of Wisdom) sheds light on the concept of balance, with Hazini turning the water balance into an extraordinary equilibrium device and creating a balance called "Mizânü'l-Câmî" (The Collector).The Banu Musa brothers presented valuable machine and mechanical system designs in their work "Kitab al-Hiyal" (The Book of Ingenious Devices). Al-Jazari, born in 1153 in Cizre, served as the chief engineer of the Artuklu palace for 32 years. During this time, he designed many mechanical and automation-based systems. Upon examining the designs in Al-Jazari's book "Kitab-ül Cami Beyn-el-İl ve'l-Amel el-Nâfi fi Sınaât el Hiyel," it becomes apparent that he elevated the designs made before him to a completely different level. Some of today's engineering designs can trace their origins to the drawings found in this book. In this study, the design features of Al-Jazari's 4-bucket water-lifting machine are examined, and its value in contemporary engineering is explored. Al-Jazari designed a mechanical timer to ensure the continuity of water flow in his design. This timer allowed each bucket to discharge water one after the other, maintaining a continuous flow of water. He achieved this through a shaft with quarter-toothed gears. This design can be considered the precursor to the eccentric and crankshafts found in modern internal combustion engines. The eccentric shaft controls the mechanical timing of valves in engines, while crankshafts ensure the continuous transmission of the force generated by four pistons in a four-stroke engine over a quarter of the cycle to the flywheel gear.

Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease-the Developing World's Perspective.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is the most widely used device-assisted therapy in patients with moderately advanced stages of Parkinson's disease (PD) experiencing motor complications. Only a minority of eligible patients get the opportunity to undergo DBS in the developing world. To examine the proportion and characteristics of patients with motor complications of PD who are willing for DBS and who undergo surgery. Patients with motor complications of PD eligible for DBS over a five-year study period (2016-2020) were included. The demographic, clinical and socio-economic characteristics and information on their status in 2021 were collected and analyzed. Among 1017 patients, 223 had motor symptoms qualifying for DBS and follow-up information available. Only 78 (35%) opted for surgery. The willing patients had higher socioeconomic status, were older and had longer duration of PD and motor complications, more freezing of gait, cognitive symptoms, and neuropsychiatric disturbances. 37 of them were found unfit during pre-operative work-up; only 41 (18%) with motor complications were finally taken up for DBS. Age, duration or severity of motor symptoms did not differ between patients who were finally selected for surgery and those who were not. Less than one-fifth of our patients with motor complications of PD finally underwent DBS. The patients appeared to wait till the late stages of PD, before making a decision on availing surgical treatment. The delay resulted in nearly half of them being found unfit in pre-operative work-up. Our findings may enable clinicians to counsel eligible patients more efficiently.

Transformative disruptiveness or transition? Revealing digitalization and deep decarbonization pathways in the Italian smart electricity meter roll-out

Energy infrastructure digitalization is proposed as key for a just deep decarbonization. However, an integrative literature review reveals the lack of a more profound exploration on normative considerations tied to world perspectives and values, as levers of a lasting transformation in the context of socio-technical transitions. Thus, the paper employs qualitative research methods to investigate how energy infrastructure digitalization contributes to transformative disruption, along which deliberated deep decarbonization pathways, using Italy's smart electricity meter roll-out as a case study. While the roll-out represents a substantial effort in introducing digital devices into the residential sector, concerns persist about its effectiveness, also due to potential societal disruptions. Through in-depth interviews with experts (N = 17) and citizens (N = 23) and content-oriented analysis, the research unveils evolving pathways between ever more disengaged two grand narratives and value systems: energy as a commodity and energy as a common good. The first opts for technological progress, changing consumer behavior, to address energy poverty and social justice, building on market-based instruments and new business models. Conversely, the second harbors skepticism towards technological fixes, emphasizes energy sufficiency and questions energy opulence, linked to environmental justice considerations, and calling for corrective principles by regulatory means. Finally, the paper presents a conceptual framework to re-shape deep deliberative transformation, highlighting the importance of re-connecting to defined values, re-generating actionable knowledge, restructuring institutions in societal experimentation, and recognizing underlying processes such as justice claims. It argues for further research into discourse coalitions capitalizing on defined narratives, to better understand their impact on policy-making processes.

Rewriting the Indian other

Abstract This article reexamines the colonial representation of Indians in Rudyard Kipling’s “The Story of Muhammad Din” through a postcolonial resistant translation from English to Arabic. Set in India, Kipling’s short story depicts the buried Anglo-Indian conflict between the world perspectives of an adult Englishman and an Indian child. To this Indian child, Muhammad Din, existence is situated at the crossroads of an intense personal and national struggle for power, freedom, and independence. The dominant presence of the colonial law, which is embodied in the English doctor’s presumed authority and strict medical discourse in Kipling’s narrative, fashions a negative and inferior representation of Muhammad Din and his father Imam. Moreover, the impersonal style of narration, which is noted in the final scene of Muhammad’s death, enhances a colonial desire of the English to accentuate a rigorous sense of Englishness and national superiority that cannot be compromised. By offering a postcolonial translation of Kipling’s story in Arabic, however, Arab readers re-conceptualize or re-imagine othered Indians – here Muhammad Din – as central post-colonial agents who also function as vital sources of artistic or creative power that is necessary to deflate colonial authoritative agency in Kipling’s colonial text.

Evolution of Indian Cinema and Its Impact on Indian Culture

Indian cinema has greatly contributed to the globalisation of Indian culture, the world of cinema has seen many changes, this paper will shed some light on the societal impact of Indian cinema. Owing to the enhancement of technology and creativity, cinema has been a major influence on people's world views and perspectives. By examining major Bollywood and Tollywood films, this paper will analyse how Indian cinema has affected the course of Indian history. Moreover, the paper presents what changes have occurred in the opinions of the masses as a result of cinema's impact on Indian culture and society.

A window to the future: Frontiers of glass research from a world perspective

A window to the future: Frontiers of glass research from a world perspective

Caragiale between comic and communism

"A work of art is never finished because it acquires and captures new values and meanings with each passing year, decade or century. Thus, Caragiale's dramatic work, mirrors a new world and new perspectives of thought with each staging. What kind of Romania was captured by Sică Alexandrescu in staging the play "A lost letter" from 1954 compared to the one offered by Liviu Ciulei in 1982? What kind of comedy did a society in the midst of a world war taste when "A Stormy Night" was made in 1943 compared to the humor it enjoyed during the years of communism in 1984? If we balance these different stagings of the two plays of the most beloved Romanian playwright, we can observe both the evolution of his dramatic work and the evolution of Romanian society."

Indigenous war captives and mobility-oriented punishments: An Atlantic-Mediterranean world perspective

ABSTRACT This study explores two well-known case studies involving the removal of Indigenous war captives from their places of origin to fortifications or to Mediterranean galley ships to do forced labor. I draw on known scholarship on Indigenous war captives in New England and New France during the seventeenth century to consider the local conditions in Europe and North America that created the possibility for the dispersal of captives. Europeans moved Indigenous captives for various reasons and responded to the actions and demands of Indigenous polities, particularly during times of warfare or raiding. Rather than placing Indigenous history into European power frameworks, I focus on how mobility-oriented punishments are simultaneously connected to events in interior continental Indigenous and the European mainland. By doing so, I offer a critique of the settler colonial paradigm.

Advancing Technology in Healthcare Supply: A Review

Supply Chain Management (MRP) has an important role in healthcare services, including in Indonesia where the majority of raw materials used by the pharmaceutical industry are imported. From the world perspective, Indonesia's pharmaceutical and healthcare industry is known to be very expensive. The Indonesian government has struggled to control the pharmaceutical industry due to its complexity. Too many players that take roles in this industry are also extending the supply chain flow thereby increasing the price to be paid by the end customer (patient). In this era of globalization, technology has played a role and helped human life in almost all aspects, including the health and pharmaceutical service sectors, therefore it is hoped that the use of advanced technology can be a solution to overcoming the complexity in Indonesian health services.

Real World and Public Health Perspectives of Intraoperative Radiotherapy in Early-Stage Breast Cancer: A Multidisciplinary Analysis Beyond the Statistical Facts.

Breast conservation therapy (BCT) (usually a lumpectomy plus radiotherapy (RT)) has become a standard alternative to radical mastectomy in early-stage breast cancers with equal, if not higher, survival rates. The established standard of the RT component of the BCT had been about six weeks of Monday through Friday external beam RT to the whole breast (WBRT). Recent clinical trials have shown that partial breast radiation therapy (PBRT) to the region surrounding the lumpectomy cavity with shorter courses can result in equal local control, survival, and slightly improved cosmetic outcomes. Intraoperative RT (IORT) wherein RT is administered at the time of operation for BCT to the lumpectomy cavity as a single-fraction RT is also considered PBRT. The advantage of IORT is that weeks of RT are avoided. However, the role of IORT as part of BCT has been controversial. The extreme views go from "I will not recommend to anyone" to "I can recommend to all early-stage favorable patients." These divergent views are due to difficulty in interpreting the clinical trial results. There are two modalities of delivering IORT, namely, the use of low-energy 50 kV beams or electron beams. There are several retrospective, prospective, and two randomized clinical trials comparing IORT versus WBRT. Yet, the opinions are divided. In this paper, we try to bring clarity and consensus from a highly broad-based multidisciplinary team approach. The multidisciplinary team included breast surgeons, radiation oncologists, medical physicists, biostatisticians, public health experts, nurse practitioners, and medical oncologists. We show that there is a need to more carefully interpret and differentiate the data based on electron versus low-dose X-ray modalities; the randomized study results have to be extremely carefully dissected from biostatistical points of view; the importance of the involvement of patients and families in the decision making in a very transparent and informed manner needs to be emphasized; and the compromise some women may be willing to accept between 2-4% potential increase in local recurrence (as interpreted by some of the investigators in IORT randomized studies) versus mastectomy. We conclude that, ultimately, the choice should be that of women with detailed facts of the pros and cons of all options being presented to them from the angle of patient/family-focused care. Although the guidelines of various professional societies can be helpful, they are only guidelines. The participation of women in IORT clinical trials is still needed, and as genome-based and omics-based fine-tuning of prognostic fingerprints evolve, the current guidelines need to be revisited. Finally, the use of IORT can help rural, socioeconomically, and infrastructure-deprived populations and geographic regions as the convenience of single-fraction RT and the possibility of breast preservation are likely to encourage more women to choose BCT than mastectomy. This option can also likely lead to more women choosing to get screened for breast cancer, thus enabling the diagnosis of breast cancer at an earlier stage and improving the survival outcomes.

Falsafah Ekonomi Imam Al-Ghazali: Antara Sufisme dan Rasionalisme

The article aims to understand the basis of Imam al-Ghazali’s economic thought. There are two streams studied, namely rationalism and sufism which are thought to influence Imam al-Ghazali’s economic thought. In this article, it is concluded that the philosophy of economic thought of Imam al-Ghazali knows no dichotomy between the world perspective and the hereafter ones. The point of view that was used did not stop at the worldview, but succeeded in containing Islamic values, which were oriented to the afterlife. In other words, Imam al-Ghazali’s economic thought is not only based on the aspect ratio, but is also controlled by ethics and moralilty. The ukhrawi's point of view that emphasized by Imam al-Ghazali serves as a lighter in economic activities based on ethics and morality. Because the nature of the economy is only one way to achieve a better life later in life. Imam al-Ghazali’s concept of the purpose of human life that focuses on the happiness of the hereafter, does not mean he rejects the happiness of the world. But according to him, the happiness of the world is majazi, while the happiness of the afterlife is intrinsic. In other words, Imam al-Ghazali succeeded in placing Islamic thought outside of Greek rationalist thought, but on the other hand, it also succeeded in melting mysticism in the sufi world.

Accounting for Spillovers Effects and Temporal Dynamics on the Impact of Renewebles on Labour Force: A World Perspective

Accounting for Spillovers Effects and Temporal Dynamics on the Impact of Renewebles on Labour Force: A World Perspective

The societal role of meat: the Dublin Declaration with an Australian perspective

It is clear that the societal role of meat is being challenged with ideological and simplified logic without substantiation from robust data-driven science. With this background, the international summit titled ‘The societal role of meat – what the science says’ was held in Dublin, Ireland, during October 2022, to provide evidence-based evaluations and the Dublin Declaration was signed by over 1000 scientists. In this paper, we provide a synopsis of the summit and then give context for evaluating the societal role of meat in Australia. The key themes of the summit were the essential roles of meat in (1) diet and health, (2) a sustainable environment and (3) society, economics and culture. Evidence clearly showed the role of meat as a nutrient-dense source of high-quality protein and micronutrients that can be safely consumed by humans. Further, the complementary role of livestock in agricultural systems was highlighted with both plant- and animal-based agriculture reliant on each other to maximise the efficient production of food. Thus, from both an Australian and world perspective, very little food considered to be human-edible is fed to livestock. The role of livestock in rural societies across the world was emphasised to underpin regional and national economies, with particular importance in those countries with developing economies to facilitate growing wealth to ‘step out’ of poverty and provide gender equality. Meat production, particularly from ruminants, is a critical part of Australian primary production and it is concluded that the Dublin Declaration is highly relevant to Australia. Finally, concern regarding future funding and organisation of research and extension is discussed. There is a need to continue funding highly collaborative programs that bring a broad range of disciplines together, in conjunction with undergraduate and postgraduate teaching to underpin the social license to operate for meat and livestock production.

PERAN FILSAFAT DALAM KEBHINEKAAN KEBERAGAMAN MASYARAKAT

This study is done because there are still many problems or conflicts due to diversity in the community environment such as cultural differences, differences between individuals, social changes, and so on. It can be said to be a potential because Indonesia has abundant wealth, both natural and cultural and language wealth. This method uses a quantitative approach, the method used is a Literature (library research) study used by collecting data by looking for sources from various books, articles, journals and research. The results and discussion of this study show that philosophy is very active in making demonization of the society. But from the results concluded that philosophy plays an important role in aligning community diversity by providing frameworks to understand and respect different world perspectives and views such as, understanding the nature of diversity, developing critical thinking skills, fostering ethics and moral, creating the same language. Philosophy helps the community to appreciate the values and importance of different experiences of society and to recognize the value and importance of diversity. By questioning the assumptions and examining the fundamental values and principles that guide the mind and behavior of the community, philosophy helps identify and challenge tendencies that perpetuate inequality and discrimination.