Fairer World Research Articles

Playing Neoliberal Politics: Post-Racial and Post-Racist Strategies in “Same Love”

ABSTRACTThis essay argues that marriage equality discourses have successfully been used not only to advance GLBTQ rights but as a vehicle for re-securing neoliberalism after the 2008 Great Recession. Specifically, this essay analyzes how Macklemore and Ryan Lewis's “Same Love” (featuring Mary Lambert) supports neoliberalism by forwarding antiblackness and circumscribed political subjectivities while urging support for marriage equality. Through appeals to minimization, multiracialism, and inverting oppression, “Same Love” demonstrates how avowedly progressive texts can simultaneously impede the freer and fairer world the text supposedly promotes.

Rebecca VanDiver. Review of "Negro Building: Black Americans in the World of Fairs and Museums" by Mabel O. Wilson.

Rebecca VanDiver. Review of "Negro Building: Black Americans in the World of Fairs and Museums" by Mabel O. Wilson.

Impact of Personal Justice Perceptions of Students at the Faculty of Sport Sciences on Their Decision Making Level

The present study aimed to reveal whether personal justice perceptions of the students at the faculty of sport science have impact on their decision making process. Based on the correlation table, it was observed that there is weak and positive relationship between their personal 'fair world perceptions' and dilatory decision making process. In the study, it was found that there is a significant relationship between students' personal perception concerning belief in a just world and their self confidence levels in decision making and dilatory decision making process. Hence, it could be concluded that as students' personal fair world perception increases, their dilatory decision making process develops in quite limited amount.

Diez claves pedagógicas para promover buenas prácticas en la formación médica basada en competencias en el grado y en la especialización

During the past decade, the competency-based training has become a familiar term in Medical Education. The authors of this article argue that, although there have been outstanding changes in some universities and medical centers, in many others the only thing that has been changed is the name of concepts, but keeping on doing the same without producing any changes in the competence profile of students and residents. Also, there are institutions that do not even consider some kind of movement. Nevertheless, the current social situation requires to think of a competency-based education and to establish competency profiles to address the health needs. Therefore, the transition from a traditional training to a competency-based training must be broadened and strengthened in educational and health institutions. The authors argue that the shift from traditional training to a competency-based one has to be led for the directors, staff, and teachers/tutors, and that the decisions they make need to be founded on a pedagogical framework. They also specify this framework in 10 pedagogical keys which they set out throughout this reflection. Finally, they conclude that the well-established curricula and training programs based in these pedagogical keys, guarantee not only the development of the competency-based profile of students and residents committed to a more humane and fair world, but also the development of a good training practice in Medical Education.

Review: Sites Unseen: Architecture, Race, and American Literature, by William A. Gleason; Little White Houses: How the Postwar Home Constructed Race in America, by Dianne Harris; and Negro Building: Black Americans in the World of Fairs and Museums, by Mabel O. Wilson

William A. Gleason Sites Unseen: Architecture, Race, and American Literature New York: NYU Press, 2011, 288 pp., 37 b/w illus. $23 (paper), ISBN 9780814732472 Dianne Harris Little White Houses: How the Postwar Home Constructed Race in America Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2013, 366 pp., 148 b/w illus. $39.95 (paper), ISBN 9780816654567 Mabel O. Wilson Negro Building: Black Americans in the World of Fairs and Museums Berkeley: University of California Press, 2012, 464 pp., 57 b/w illus. $39.95 (cloth), ISBN 9780520268425 While scholarly interest in the critical intersections of race and architecture is by no means new within the humanities, there are hints of some new horizons in contemporary scholarship. Earlier studies in North American architectural history have primarily focused on the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, including the racial segregation perpetuated by urban renewal policies. Sociological studies have tended to focus on the structural and institutional causes of racism or have presented ethnographic accounts of minority groups that proved their resilience under oppression.1 More recent studies have built on these investigations with new cross-cultural and transnational analyses, as well as brought the material environments produced by such processes under greater scrutiny. For example, in the past ten years, scholarship in visual studies has isolated the hegemonic function of whiteness in visual contexts seemingly unmarked by the presence of white and nonwhite figures. Martin Berger’s Site Unseen: Whiteness and American Visual Culture is representative of such scholarship, and his work has paved the way for both William A. Gleason’s Sites Unseen: Architecture, Race, and American Literature and Dianne Harris’s Little White Houses: How the Postwar Home Constructed Race in America .2 While Gleason most closely emulates Berger’s theoretical approach (as evidenced by the similar titles and methodologies of both works), Harris takes Berger’s conceptual focus on whiteness in American visual culture and extends it through a sustained archival study of material culture taken from everyday life. Also anchored by a deep analysis of historical archives, Mabel O. Wilson’s Negro Building: Black Americans in the World of Fairs and Museums will no doubt become a fundamental reference book for future studies of black self-representation in the field of architectural history. Her work follows that of scholars who have used material culture to describe the historical transition of public debates between and …

Mabel O. Wilson. Negro Building: Black Americans in the World of Fairs and Museums.

In Negro Building, architectural scholar Mabel O. Wilson looks at African American participation in various public history forums in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Supported by extensive archival research, Wilson's analysis focuses particularly on world's fairs, Emancipation expositions, and early grassroots efforts to establish black history museums in cities like Detroit and Chicago as vital extensions of a black “counterpublic sphere,” spaces in which African American leaders could represent black history and identity on their own terms, promote black achievements around the world, and define a path forward for themselves, the nation, and the international community. Beginning with the Atlanta Exposition of 1895, Wilson examines the shifting political, economic, and cultural contexts in which African Americans sought both to dispute longstanding racist stereotypes and to assert their own understandings of black heritage and accomplishments. While providing a trenchant analysis of the institutionalized racism African American organizers faced at every turn, Wilson is also attentive to political differences and disagreements among black leaders, who took positions reflecting varying degrees of accommodation and dissent as they debated how best to define and assert black interests.

Addressing Social Inequities to Create a More Just, Fair and Equitable World

The Harvard Public Health Review (HPHR) recently sat down with Dr. Nancy Krieger, Professor of Social Epidemiology in the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, and Director of the Interdisciplinary Concentration on Women, Gender and Health, at HPSH. Drawing on her extensive body of research, she outlined how populations ultimately embody their social and ecologic experiences, which, under inequitable conditions—like those related to poverty to global climate change—can result in unfair and unjust distributions of disease and suffering. Far from deeming these distributions a given, Krieger argues that academics, public health professionals, policymakers, and informed constituencies have a right and an obligation to mobilize evidence in their efforts to address heath inequities head on and create a better world for all.

A Mathematical Model of the Profit-Loss Sharing (PLS) Scheme

In financial world, lending money is a part of investment where the borrower get an opportunity to start up or enlarge their business, and as in the fair world, the lender should also take profits on the borrower's investment. In Islamic finance, the profit (and later also the loss) of an investment is coming from the profit-loss sharing concept. We proposed a mathematical model of micro-credit scheme based on this concept. The model is implemented onto real data taken from some low income Indonesian traders and the simulated one. We deliberately choose these respondents due to they are traditionally targeted by usurers (or rentenir in Indonesian) who lend money with high interest rate and penalties so, in many cases, it will makes them broke instead of having their business improve. The important issues in the model are how to generate the simulated data representing the real data, determination of required parameters and to find an optimal portion of profit share which is quite fair for the lender and the borrower. The model shows that the borrower will benefit from the scheme even though sometimes she has losses in particular days, and the lender will get good return as an investment return.

Negro Building: Black Americans in the World of Fairs and Museums

Employing the lens of African American public history and contested public spaces, Negro Building demonstrates how blacks in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century America used community spaces as platforms for activism. Beginning with the 1876 Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia and ending with several black-organized expositions in 1963, Mabel O. Wilson contends that fairs and museums played a critical role in the creation of African American identity. Designed to demonstrate African American progress, the exhibitions and fairs also revealed black anxieties about participation in museums they had been historically barred from visiting or exhibiting in. Wilson examines the challenges, strategies, and receptions of some of the most significant black exhibitions at museums and fairs. She does an excellent job in revealing the conflicts between African American elites and white commissioners and curators about the foci, goals, and types of exhibits. However, while Negro Building provides a comprehensive analysis of the difficult and complex decisions made by Booker T. Washington, W. E. B. Du Bois, Daniel Murray, Alain Locke, Carter G. Woodson, and a number of other members of the African American intelligentsia, the book would have benefited immensely from both gender and class analysis.

Negro building: black Americans in the world of fairs and museums

List of Figures Acknowledgments Introduction Prologue 1. Progress of a Race: The Black Side's Contribution to Atlanta's World's Fair 2. Exhibiting the American Negro 3. Remembering Emancipation Up North 4. Look Back, March Forward 5. To Make a Black Museum Epilogue Notes Bibliography Index

Negro Building: Black Americans in the World of Fairs and Museums

Booker T. Washington's renowned “Atlanta Compromise” speech, delivered at the opening ceremonies of the Cotton States and International Exposition of 1895, marked the first and most conspicuous app...

A random world is a fair world

A preference for fairness or equity in the distribution of resources influences many human decisions (1). The origin of this preference is a topic that has consumed philosophers (2), social scientists (3), and biologists (4) for centuries. However, although we feel a sense of fairness deeply and intuitively, it has so far been difficult to explain from first principles how such a feeling might have evolved. How could natural selection allow for the survival of “fair” individuals who sometimes give things away to equalize resources when they must compete with self-interested individuals who keep everything for themselves? In PNAS, Rand et al. (5) provide a unique and compelling solution to this puzzle: it’s all because of dumb luck.

Improving Global Health: a win‐win for leadership development and a fairer world?

Purpose – Improving Global Health is a one year leadership scheme which places trainee doctors and more experienced nurses, midwives and AHPs in a developing country (Cambodia or Tanzania) to develop leadership and quality improvement skills while contributing to Millennium goals in the developing countries. The purpose of this paper is to report on an independent evaluation of the programme, with the purpose of highlighting lessons learned to inform other leadership development initiatives, and in particular to highlight the vital importance of a receptive NHS environment if maximum value is to be gained from investment in clinical leadership.

Princípio da Igualdade e o Acesso ao Ensino Superior Ante as Ações Afirmativas

The present paper addresses public policies and the affirmative actions, specifically the question raised by the quota system for the admission of blacks in public universities. The importance of the subject is related to issues involving the breach in the principle of equality, the equality of races, the crime of racism provided for by the constitution, prejudice and quotas in Brazil. There is general agreement among people with good sense that we live in a country full of inequalities, in which prejudice and racism are deeply ingrained in interpersonal relationships. It’s hard to tell people’s true intentions, but surely there are few humans who do not wish to live in a fairer world. With that in mind, we intend to investigate the rights and guarantees in view of the constitutional principles, especially equal rights and the content of the principle of equality.

Disenchantment in education, or: ‘Whither art thou gone, fair world?’–Has the magic gone from the ivory tower?

With reference to the current debate surrounding the humanities in the West, this paper draws on subsequent theoretical explorations of disenchantment to analyse what numerous observers describe as the ‘crisis’ of our universities. Engaging both Jungian thought and the Frankfurt School to understand the psychological dynamics of ‘disenchantment’ as experienced on campus, it investigates Adorno's notion of the ‘totally administered society’ and — more broadly — surveys some of the arguments proposed to explain this decline. Moving beyond, on one hand, the lamentation and hand-wringing nostalgia for a long-lost past and, on the other, what some have termed a ‘new managerialism’ that inhabits an acronym-ridden climate of control, it tries to discern, in what is undoubtedly a political and an economic problem, the contours of a psychological crisis, whose resolution cannot ignore the archetypal dimension of the collective soul.

Empowerment Through Knowledge of Accounting and Related Disciplines: Participatory Action Research in an African Village

ABSTRACTAccounting scholars are challenged to discover ways to facilitate a broader engagement with the oppressed and poor toward a more just and fair world. This paper reports an interaction between an accounting educator and disadvantaged Kenyan villagers in an exploratory attempt to expand the reach of critical accounting research from the confines of academia to practice. In Africa, the end of colonialism left widespread poverty that was exacerbated by illiteracy and ignorance. At the same time, the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) required newly independent African states to implement neo-liberal-inspired policies that weakened state social governance. This, in turn, led to the growth of religious and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) whose policies aimed to fill the gaps in government social services that alleviate inequities. Ignorance enslaves, but knowledge—including knowledge of accounting and financial systems—will empower the poor to evaluate the motives, desirability, and achievements of governmental and NGO services and programs introduced to ease poverty. The specific aim of this modest, grassroots intervention was to share financial knowledge with members of a church in Bungoma, a poor region in Northwestern Kenya. This participatory action research (PAR) intervention was carefully implemented to respect the values and culture of the village participants, and avoided Western values and praxis to maintain the villagers' status quo. Instead, the accounting educator introduced empathetic learning by relating accounting principles to the Christian values of the villagers. The paper concludes with a discussion on the outcomes and limitations of this intervention.

A Capitalism of Owners: Policies for a Fair and Sane (Business) World

For all its faults, the private business system has been, and should remain, a driver of innovation, a creator of wealth for all, a harbinger of economic freedom. We have seen and experienced in the former socialist countries of Eastern Europe the suffocating system of fear and scarcity that emerged when markets were eliminated and private business enterprises banned.The benefits of markets and private enterprises are again at risk, but this time not from leftist ideologues and agitators. Under the vicious, pervasive influence of financial markets, anchored in a self-serving neoliberal ideology, corporations of the “contemporary” kind, particularly in the financial sector, are turned into nests of greed and tools for the enrichment of speculators.This sort of economic arrangement, which came about over the last 20-30 years in so-called Anglo-Saxon countries and was adopted broadly in many parts of the world, has brought the international financial system within a hair’s breadth of total collapse1. It plays a key, but often overlooked, role in almost all business shenanigans. It drives management to take actions that are not in the long term interest of the corporation or of the society in which it operates.This type of corporation has grown over the years, abetted, even promoted, by institutional investors and governance champions.Although well intentioned, they failed to realize they were planting the seeds of destruction of the sort of managerial capitalism that served societies so well for so long.How have we come to this state of affairs with recurring crises, financial double-binds and easy willingness to inflict on citizens the pain of failed policies? The answer resides in the neo-liberalism that has dominated policy making since Reagan-Thatcher but with a renewed fervour after the fall of the Berlin wall in 1989, which left “free markets” neo- liberalism as the only ideology standing.If governments of threatened countries (the USA, several members of the European Community) do not bring about a return to some fairness and sanity in their business and financial world, they may well trigger unmanageable social unrest and an acute loss of legitimacy, which arealways the forerunners of political and social mayhem. The whole world would bear the economic costs of this nasty turn of events.For, people will not accept for long to serve as “bank fodder”, as guinea pigs for “financial innovations”, as patsies in the game of global finance.In our previous book, Black Markets and Business Blues, we traced the evolution of business enterprises over the course of the last thirty years. We showed how and why managerial capitalism was replaced by financial capitalism, a corrupted system which brought about repeated fiascos. Then, as a member (Allaire) of the Global Council on the Role of Business of the World Economic Forum, we made several rather radical recommendations to bring about change in this system, recommendations which were surprisingly well received by a group made up of several chief executives of large American and international corporations as well as university scholars. This book builds on these two foundations. Its purpose is, so to speak, to rub the nose of readers in the stuff of which financial markets are made, to bring readers close to the action, right in the midst of the dynamic interplay between financial analysts, investors, speculative funds, corporate management, and boards of directors. Only with an empathic understanding of the pressures exerted on the management of publicly listed corporations can one fathom the depth of changes that need to come about to bring some sanity back to the world of business and finance.

The Crisis of Globalization as an Opportunity to Create a Fairer World

After having reviewed trends leading to greater international inequality, this article argues for a more stable international financial system allowing developing countries greater participation in international trade combined with full exploitation of their development potential. As emerging economies tap deeper into global supply chains, outsourcing of jobs will influence employment and there is need for a more transparent, coherent and balanced framework at the global level. Also a more balanced pattern of domestic demand will only be achieved with rising wages rather than through increased debt levels. Economies need continuously to increase their skill and knowledge base in order to successfully integrate themselves into the global production process. Active labour market policies (including skill development) should be strengthened to better prepare workers for the future job market. When temporary dislocation of workers cannot be avoided, appropriate social protection measures provide worker security. In all cases, the benefits that global production can bring should be properly weighted against the costs, and these costs can only be minimized through active involvement of all the major actors.

Employment, Inequality and Globalization: A Continuous Concern

1. Introduction: Employment, Inequality and Globalization: A Continuous Concern Rolph van der Hoeven 2. Employment, Basic Needs and Human Development: Elements for a New International Paradigm in Response to Crisis Richard Jolly 3. How the New Poverty Agenda Neglected Social and Employment Policies in Africa Thandika Mkandawire 4. Say's Law, Poverty Persistence, and Employment Neglect Alice H. Amsden 5. Income Inequality and Employment Revisited: Can One Make Sense of Economic Policy? Rolph van der Hoeven 6. Income Distribution under Latin America's New Left Regimes Giovanni Andrea Cornia 7. Does Fast Growth in India and China Help or Harm US Workers? Alex Izurieta and Ajit Singh 8. The Crisis of Globalization as an Opportunity to Create a Fairer World Rob Vos

Prospects for a Genuine Revival of Primary Health Care—Through the Visible Hand of Social Justice Rather Than the Invisible Hand of the Market: Part II

This second part of a two-part article explores the prospects for genuine revival of primary health care (PHC) as announced by the WHO in 2008, with reference, briefly, to Global Health Watch 2, published by the People's Health Movement, Medact, and Equity Gauge Alliance, and, in more depth, to the positions of social and people's movements most closely aligned with the original values and principles of Alma-Ata and the structural foundations of the PHC project. The author argues that the social justice struggle for health cannot be limited to curbing capitalism's excesses. The multiple crises of today--in energy, water, food, the environment, finance, science, information, and democracy--must be recognized as capitalist crises and addressed as such. Particular attention is given to ideology, including the distortion of human nature and society under neoliberal capitalism, and to moral foundations of Health for All. Not only must the invisible hand of the market be replaced by the visible hand of social justice, but the single ideology proclaiming the "end of history" and, by implication, the end of politics and political struggle must be exposed and rejected as neoliberal, totalitarian propaganda. In line with the spirit and intention of the U.N. Charter, PHC remains a political project for a fair and safe world in which Health for All is both possible and necessary.