Work Station Research Articles

Line Balancing Analysis Using Ranked Positional Weight and Region Approach Method in Nail Production

At the moment industrial development, there is open competition on a national and international scale, the manufacturing and service industry sectors are developing very quickly. To create good, quality products and efficiency, the company must have a good track balance. As is the case in nail production. CV. XYZ is a company engaged in manufacturing. This company is located in the city of Sidoarjo, East Java. The aim of this research is to improve the balance of the work station trajectory of the nail production process at CV. XYZ. The method used in this research is the Region Approach and ranked positional weight. The best method chosen for this problem is the Region Approach method, because this method has the greatest line efficiency (68.17%), the smallest balance delay (31.83%), and the smallest smoothes index (100.63), so this method was chosen as the best method and can improve line balancing conditions in the company. The increase in line efficiency from 54.68% using the company method to 68.17% using the Region Approach method can occur due to a reduction in the number of work stations from 5 work stations as well as a decrease in the number of smoothing indexes from 168.20 to 100.63. which indicates that there is an increase in balance between work stations.

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders, fatigue and stress among gas station workers in China: a cross-sectional study

IntroductionWork-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are disorders of the musculoskeletal system that have the highest prevalence among workers worldwide. Workers in gas stations usually work in poor ergonomic working conditions, including...

Quality control of garment product using DMAIC Six Sigma

Quality control is intended to ensure that the products are in accordance with the predefined standards. PT. XYZ is a garment company that manufactures products with global target market. Hence, product quality assurance becomes an important issue for PT. XYZ. This research focuses on the Just Brand-MCJA216142 jacket product at the sewing work station on line-4 of PT. XYZ. Preliminary observations show that the number of reworked-products was experiencing an increasing trend. This study aims to determine whether the company has carried out quality control properly. Specifically, the research objectives are to identify the type and level of product defects, identify the factors causing product defects, and provide proper improvement suggestions to reduce the occurrence of product defects. This study applied DMAIC (Define–Measure–Analyze–Improve–Control) Six Sigma concept. The results showed that the quality of the Just Brand-MCJA216142 jacket product has exceeded the Indonesian industry average and is classified as the USA industry average. However, quality improvement is still needed since the products are targeted for the export market. Based on Pareto diagram at the Analyze stage, it was found that the most dominant defects occurred in the Just Brand-MCJA216142 jacket production process were broken threads and puckering. The frequency of occurrence for these two types of defect reaches 23% of the total 16 types of defects. The defects were caused by human, machine, material, method, and environmental factors. Recommendations for improvement at the Improve stage are based on root cause analysis of each causative factor that is identified using a fishbone diagram. This research results strengthen the previous related researches regarding the effectivity of DMAIC Six Sigma for analyzing quality control of products.

Optimization of Production Process by Applying Theory of Constraint (TOC) at CV. Wijaya Mandiri Label

CV. Wijaya Mandiri Label is a company engaged in the printing industry sector located in Sidoarjo which provides printing services inside and outside Sidoarjo. In the production process, problems arise after several years of operation at work stations that cause bottlenecks in the production capacity of bontax and OPP sticker printing, thus hindering the production process to run optimally. This resulted in an inefficient sticker production process in meeting targets that made throughput not optimal. To overcome these problems, researchers conducted research that explored the use of Theory of Constraints (TOC) and supporting methods, namely linear programming, to optimize the company's production process and analyze data on working hours and product production demand. From the results of the research, it was concluded that the company experienced Capacity Constraints which caused bottlenecks at the fourth work station in the last six months. After exploiting the constraints on the bottleneck workstation, throughput is obtained using a linear programming calculation formulation with the results of x1= 0 and x2 = 3,948.47 amounting to IDR16,781,000 in WinQSB software. The final stage of constraint elevation is carried out by allocating operators to bottleneck work stations and obtaining an increase in throughput of IDR6,322,300 or a percentage increase of 27.4% using WinQSB software.

The effect of line balancing on the efficiency and effectiveness of shoe production at PT Wangta Agung

Business competition is increasing, companies must reorganize their business strategies and tactics every day in the era of globalization. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Line Balencing on the efficiency and effectiveness of shoe production at PT Wangta Agung. The research method used is descriptive research. Descriptive research is a type of research conducted with the main purpose of providing an objective description or description of the situation. The results of the research on the actual shoe production workstation configuration consisted of 15 work stations with a cycle time of 16 seconds. Analysis of sewing activity work time takes about 23.75 minutes for one additional operator to assist the two main operators in meeting the set targets. The increased capacity of the shoe-making production workstation consists of 7 stations that have a balance of 16 seconds of delay time with production efficiency with a yield of 87.5%.

Evaluation of Liver Markers, Kidney Markers, Electroyte Panel and Protein Profile in Pump Attendants Exposed to Petrol Fumes from Selected Filling Stations in Ihiala, State, Nigeria

Environmental hazard in a work place is an inevitable experience especially when it has to do with working in a filling stations where volatile and combustible substances like petrol, diesel and kerosene are dispensed via PMS and other channels of distribution or outlets and in the process pollute or saturate the air with hydrocarbons. Individuals working in a petrol station pose different risk of exposure to these xenobiotics that enter the body via different means (inhalation, ingestion and skin or eye contact) and could be detrimental to the body system resulting to death if not properly handled. This research was aimed at assessing some biochemical indicators of occupational hazard in fuel pump attendant from selected service stations in Ihiala, Anambra state. A total of eighty apparently healthy subjects (40 males and 40females) aged between 28-35 years volunteers participated in the study. Each gender was further categorized into two groups of 20 each for control (unexposed workers) and exposed pump attendants respectively. The pump attendants that volunteered for this study had spent an average of 5-6 years on the job. Blood samples were collected from the volunteers with their informed consent and selected biochemical parameters such as liver function test (ALP, AST ALT), kidney function test (urea, creatinine and uric acid), protein profile (total protein and albumin), and electrolyte levels were investigated using standard methods. The result of the investigations showed that urea and creatinine level of exposed female pump attendants (5.80±0.02 mg/dl and 82.50±2.15 mg/dl)were significantly higher (P<0.05) than unexposed female pump attendants (5.00±0.45mg/dl and 58.00±0.11 mg/dl respectively). Serum sodium (Na+ ) electrolyte levels of exposed male and female exposed pump attendant (143.00±1.05 and 141.00±1.25 mmol/L respectively) were significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to Na+ electrolyte levels in male and female unexposed workers (138.00±0.14 mmol/L and 139.50±2.11 mmol/L respectively) while the chloride ion level in male and female pump attendants were higher compared to male and female unexposed workers. Alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase (ALT and AST) levels of male and female exposed pump attendant were higher than that in male and female unexposed pump attendant. Petroleum fumes are therefore environmental pollutants that could have serious consequences on biochemical parameters in petroleum product exposed individuals. Therefore, health Safety and Environmental training is recommended for petrol station workers on regular basis to improve their safety and create awareness on the dangers inherent associated with filling station workers exposed to petrol fumes.

Workload analysis using energy expenditure and the work posture evaluation approach with brief method at PT XYZ

Abstract PT XYZ is a company operating in the tire retreading sector on JL. Medan-Banda Aceh, Cot Seurani Village, Muara Batu District, Aceh Utara. Retreading truck tires is carried out through several processes such as inspection, grating, repairing, gluing tire, installing tire treads, installing wheels and rings, cooking tires and finishing. The vulcanization process which is carried out manually and repeatedly makes workers easily fatigued, making them vulnerable to injury and the risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). This research aims to calculate the workload of PT XYZ workers. PT XYZ to determine the level of worker fatigue using the Energy Expenditure approach and assessing worker work posture using the BRIEF method to assess work postures that cause complaints of pain in workers’ body parts. Researchers measured the resting pulse and working pulse of 8 workers, then classified the Cardiovascular Load (%CVL) and Energy Expenditure workload levels of the workers and assessed work posture using the BRIEF worksheet. The results of calculating the worker’s workload obtained an average %CVL value of 57.92%, the average result of the worker’s Energy Expenditure was 6,8048 Kcal/8 hours with very heavy work criteria. The average BRIEF work posture value is 3.28 in the high risk category. The suggestions given regarding the problem of workers who easily experience fatigue, high workloads and unergonomic work postures are to increase the number of workers, add benchrest jacks at each work station, add a table with wheels and rings and add chairs for finishing workers, lighten the work and reduce excessive bending activities for tire retreading workers.

Has “the Double Hundred Project” Achieved the Professionalization of Talent Teams in Township (Street) Social Work Stations: the Case Study of N Street Social Work Service Station in Guangzhou City

Has “the Double Hundred Project” Achieved the Professionalization of Talent Teams in Township (Street) Social Work Stations: the Case Study of N Street Social Work Service Station in Guangzhou City

‘The Discipline of Steel’: Technical Knowledge in the Coordinative Practices of Steelmaking

This is a study of the cooperative work of making steel in a contemporary steel plant. The study is, first of all, a study of the coordinative practices of a cooperative ensemble of operators controlling a time-critical transformation process, while spatially dispersed at different work stations across the plant, working under quite different and varying local constraints and requirements, with only rudimentary means of ongoing communication. Their individual and local contributions to the overall effort must be minutely synchronized to meet the strict temporal requirements of the operation as a whole. These challenges notwithstanding, the operators manage to act concertedly to produce quality steel and to do so routinely. The question is, how do they manage to do that? As the workers in the setting generally are not able to coordinate their cooperative effort discursively, it is analytically both feasible and necessary to foreground and identify the knowledge of metallurgy of steel and of the plant that enables them, as they go about their own local activities, to apprehend the problems and intentions of their colleagues as reflected in the changing state of the technical processes. The underlying thesis of the study is that in order to answer the general question of how workers engaged in cooperative work are able to heed the activities of their colleagues, and to do so routinely, we are well advised to ‘take the concept of practice seriously’.

Analisis Efisiensi Waktu Siklus Untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas Dengan Line Balancing Pada Proses Pengemasan Produksi Obat Diabetes di PT.OPQ

Operation Excelence is needed at manufacturing process in order to achive optimum cost. One of method is using line balancing. It work by increasing efficiency and remove bottole neck at workstation.. The purpose of this research is to increase productivity in the work path of diabetes drug production line, it means that all work stations can achieve optimum output, eliminate or reduce material accumulation by identifying line balances at work stations. By using the Line Balancing method. The method used is the Ranked Position Weight (RPW) heuristic method. As result productivity was increasing, with line efficiency from 58.36% to 80.25%, balance delay from 41.64% to 19.75%, a decrease in the amount of material accumulation between work stations on the diabetes drug production trajectory from 25 - 1175 doos / hour to 4 - 174 doos / hour, and eliminating the bottleneck on the trajectory of diabetes drug production.

Work fatigue and musculoskeletal disorders in gas station operators in Pontianak city, Indonesia

This study analyzes the relationship between work fatigue and musculoskeletal disorders in gas station operators in Pontianak City. This study used with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consists of 150 gas station workers. Data collection was carried out by observing and interviewing. Respondents characteristics were recorded through interviews using a questionnaire. Data on work fatigue were obtained by interviews using the IFRC questionnaire and musculoskeletal data using the Nordic Body Map questionnaire. The study results show that 50% of workers experience a high level of work fatigue, and 26% of workers experience severe musculoskeletal disorders. There is a significant relationship between work fatigue and musculoskeletal diseases (p = 0.001). The study established the need for intervention as a preventive measure by providing sufficient rest time, stretching, setting work shifts, improving ergonomic work positions for gas station operators, and controlling the work environment through environmental improvement and monitoring and using personal protective equipment.

Analisa Risiko Postur Tubuh Pekerja dengan Metode NBM, REBA dan RULA di Unit Usaha Jamur Tiram Putih Fungo Pride

Fungo Pride is a business unit engaged in the cultivation of white oyster mushrooms. Unhealthy environmental conditions and work stations certainly create a work environment that is less comfortable, unsafe, unhealthy and inefficient. So that the condition of the work station can reduce performance and cause risks. This study aims to analyze the work risks of the Fungo Pride Business Unit associated with non-ergonomic work positions using the NBM, REBA & RULA methods. From the results of this study, it was found that the NBM analysis found 50% low risk and 50% moderate risk. For REBA analysis, it is found that the work risk of employees is in a very high category with a final REBA score of 13 so it requires corrective action as soon as possible. And based on the RULA analysis, the results were in the very high category, namely the grand score of RULA 8, so it is necessary to have an investigation and repair as soon as possible. With the results of these studies, it is hoped that there will be further research that discusses ergonomic factors with productivity in the oyster mushroom cultivation business unit.

Analisis Pengendalian Kualitas Produk Teh Hitam dengan Pendekatan Lean-Six Sigma Method di PT. Teh XY

PT. XY tea is a black tea processing company, the problem faced is the presence of tea powder that has a production defect that must be reworked because the water content does not meet the standard (3-4%). The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality control of black tea products by identifying the relationship between the types of waste at the work station and measuring the sigma level value. The method used to identify the interrelationships between wastes is by using the Waste Relationship Matrix and making a control chart graph and then calculating the DPMO value and Sigma Level to measure the level of production capability. The results showed that the largest percentage level for waste that has an influence on other types of waste is waste of motion (22.50%) at the sorting stage, the waste that is often affected is inventory (19.63%) at the milling stage. For the production of quality I black tea, the sigma value is 2.31 with a DPMO value of 210605, meaning that for every one million opportunity there is a possibility of 210605 units of rework products. Meanwhile, for quality III, the sigma value is 2.55 with a DPMO value of 150661.

ANALISIS SENSITIVITAS PENURUNAN WAKTU PRODUKSI UNTUK MEMAKSIMALKAN PRODUK JADI SEKTOR KONSTRUKSI DENGAN MEMPERTIMBANGKAN KESEIMBANGAN LINTASAN

In simple terms, optimal allocation of resources will undoubtedly increase production efficiency, which in turn will increase the company's profit. The track balance (Assembly Line Balancing/ALB) aims to distribute the workload among work stations. The object of this research is the balance of the production line and workload in the girder production process. This study emphasizes the sensitivity analysis on reducing working time. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the parameters that affect operational flexibility and productivity levels. The decrease in processing time on the largest work element will affect the increase in output. In this case, the processing time on the work element waiting for dry cast will be reduced by 10 minutes in each scenario. In the 8th scenario, the processing time of the working elements waiting for the dry cast is 80 minutes. In other words, the resulting output is 6 units, while idle time drops to 150 minutes. This study recommends reducing the processing time of working elements waiting for dry cast to be 80 minutes.

Эректильная дисфункция у работников подвижных составов: принципы лечения (проспективное рандомизированное исследование)

Эректильная дисфункция у работников подвижных составов: принципы лечения (проспективное рандомизированное исследование)

Implementation of Label Cutting Workstations Improvement in The Jago Jaya Shuttlecock Industry to Increase Productivity Based on Ergonomic Aspects

Jago Jaya Shuttlecock Industry is an MSME in Jagalan, Surakarta, that produces shuttlecocks. Based on these conditions, a study was conducted in 2020 by Sherlinta Kaban, which produced a label cutting tool tested on a label cutting workstation. However, in the trial, there are several obstacles found in using the label cutting tool, so follow-up study to analyze and improve the label cutting tools in previous studies to produce a new design that can be re-implemented. Ergonomics aspects used in this study are analysis of work posture using REBA, measurement of standard time with Westinghouse adjustments, the study of left and right-hand map movements, and tool redesign using the Reverse Engineering method. The improvements include implementing a new label cutting tool that can improve the operator's work posture, reduce standard time, increase the number of standard outputs, and improve operator hand movements to increase productivity at label cutting work stations.

Effect of Benzene Exposure on Ferritin and Complete Blood Count in OiLibya420 Gas Station Workers

Effect of Benzene Exposure on Ferritin and Complete Blood Count in OiLibya420 Gas Station Workers

Leadership Style and Social Behavior of Social Workers in China

This study examined the influence of leadership style on the social behave of social workers across different districts and organizations in China. The empirical measurement involved the participation of social work stations and associations, which included the Social Workers Association and various district social work stations in Hunan. The study sample consisted of 488 individuals who were social work learners and professionals. These participants were picked from various districts and training sites, and they were required to undergo self-evaluation tests. Findings reveal that while social workers generally exhibit average levels of empathy, professionalism, ethical decision-making, collaboration, and resilience, significant variations exist based on ae and educational background. Older social workers demonstrate higher levels of these traits compared to younger counterparts. However, barriers such as burnout, limited resources, organizational constraints, and lack of recognition hinder leadership development and positive social behavior. The study seeks to enhance leadership development initiatives and foster positive social behavior in the field of social work in China through a holistic strategy.

Protective Effects of Dietary Vitamin D3, Turmeric Powder, and Their Combination against Gasoline Intoxication in Rats.

The inhalation of gasoline vapors (GV) is associated with developing various pathologies. Particularly, oil refinery and gas station workers are at a greater risk of developing lung cancer, kidney cancer, bladder cancer, and hematological disorders, including acute myeloid leukemia. Therefore, preventing the harmful effects of GV and alleviating their consequences appear to be important and timely issues. In this study, we investigated the potential of vitamin D3, turmeric powder, and their combination to ameliorate the toxicity of gasoline fumes in rats. Separate groups of animals fed with a standard rodent diet, with or without the supplementation of vitamin D3 (750 IU/kg body weight) and/or turmeric powder (0.5%, w/w, in food), were untreated or treated with GV (11.5 ± 1.3 cm3/h/m3/day) for 30, 60, or 90 days. Changes in the body weight were monitored weekly. Histological, biochemical, and hematological parameters were determined at the end of each treatment period. While the exposure of rats to GV resulted in a time-dependent reduction in body weight, supplementation with vitamin D3, but not with turmeric root powder or their combination, partially prevented weight loss. Macroscopical and histological analyses showed pronounced time-dependent changes in the organs and tissues of GV-treated rats. These included alveolar wall collapse in the lungs, the destruction of the lobular structure and hepatocytolysis in the liver, the shrinkage and fragmentation of glomeruli in the kidneys, and the disorganization of the lymphoid follicles in the spleen. However, co-treatment with the nutritional supplements tested, especially vitamin D3, noticeably alleviated the above conditions. This was accompanied by a significant improvement in the blood chemistry and hematological parameters. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the harmful effects of environmental exposure to GV can be reduced upon supplementation of vitamin D3. The fact that the protective activity of vitamin D3 alone was higher than that of turmeric root powder or the combined treatment suggests that combinations of these supplements may not always be more beneficial than each agent applied separately.

The Effect of Benzene Exposure on Liver and Kidney Function in Human

Background: Exposure to benzene in the workplace causes health issues for the workers, it has negative impacts on the blood, liver, and kidney. Also, it is classified as carcinogenic. Methods: This study is cross-sectional; it involved 32 participants; 16 exposed to benzene and 16 non-exposed. The sample was collected by filling out a questionnaire and taking blood samples to test liver and kidney functions. Results: This study found that the means of AST and ALT levels of exposed workers were lower than the control group, while the mean level of ALP was higher. Moreover, it did not find a relationship between qualification, years of experience, age, and level of liver enzymes of exposed participants, however, it reported a positive correlation between smoking and bilirubin level. On the other hand, there are no statistical differences between the two groups in the levels of urea and creatinine, but the mean of urea level was quite higher in the exposed group than non-exposed. Besides, there are no associations between urea and creatinine levels and age, qualification, smoking, and years of experience. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a clear association between exposure to benzene and its effect on the liver. Therefore, suitable precautions should be taken to protect the workers in the gas station.