Work Rhythm Research Articles

Diet as a challenge and a strategy: on the phenomenon of diet rationalisation in everyday life

This article describes the diet catering service (delivering ready-made meals to customers’ homes or work in a selected period) as an example of rationalization and professionalization of diet. The article is based on the results of interviews conducted with 15 users of dietetic catering from Poland, conducted between 2021 and 2023. The aim of the interviews was to try to answer the question of what benefits the respondents derived from using dietetic catering in their everyday life. As the results of the analysis show, respondents try to live a healthy lifestyle, which they do not always succeed in doing. Outsourcing the preparation of meals to the specialized companies allows them to save time and receive well-balanced meals, at selected times of the day adapted to their rhythm of work. There is a compromise between meeting healthy eating norms and social norms relating to food consumption, both in terms of mealtimes, the number of meals per day as well as what is meant by a ‘proper lunch’.

Ability of nursing professionals and nursing directors to manage conflict situations and professional stress

The problem of conflicts and stress in teams continues to be relevant and is the focus of attention of many domestic and foreign scientists, theorists and practitioners, representatives of various scientific schools and directions. Applied aspects — the theory and practice of conflict resolution and stress relief — are becoming increasingly impor tant. Target. To study the ability of nursing specialists and managers of nursing services in therapeutic and surgical depar tments to manage conflict situations and professional stress. Results. An assessment was made of the level of conflict and professional stress of nursing staff in therapeutic and surgical departments, the ability of specialists and managers of nursing services to find effective solutions in conflict situations and opportunities to overcome stress was studied, and the level of need for nursing specialists to receive psychological help was assessed. Conclusion. The professional activity of nursing specialists involves emotional intensity and the presence of factors that cause stress. With the intense rhythm of work, the intensification of the work of nursing staff often leads to increased stress, the emergence of emotional burnout syndrome, in which there are disturbances in relationships with other people and excessive conflict.

At your service: the mobilities, rhythms and everyday lives of migrant labour in the gig economy

ABSTRACT This introduction presents a framework for the contributions to the special issue At Your Service: The Mobilities, Rhythms and Everyday Lives of Migrant Labour in the Gig Economy. The article begins by providing an overview of the current literature on the gig economy and the growing attention towards its relationship to processes of migration. The introduction continues by outlining and discussing three themes that in different ways shape the contributions in the issue. First, we situate the issue in relation to contemporary and historical migration processes and regimes of mobility. Second, we discuss how the articles in this issue explore the rhythms of gig work in relation to the spatio-temporalities of migration regimes and cities increasingly built on a logic of fulfilment. Finally, we draw attention to the infrastructural role of migrant gig workers in midst of the contemporary social reproductive crisis. This perspective opens new avenues for future research with questions of social reproductive justice at its core.

Ensuring the functioning of society in activities of local governments under the legal regime of martial law

The scientific article is devoted to the study of the activities of local self-government bodies during the period of martial law in ensuring the functioning of society, characterization of the concept, competence and features of local self-government bodies, and types of local selfgovernment bodies. The article examines the scientific and regulatory approaches to defining the most important functions of local authorities, in particular, ensuring the constitutional rights and security of citizens. Local self-government during the period of martial law faces many challenges on a daily basis. That is why this topic is extremely relevant and requires scientific substantiation and research. The decentralization reform has laid the foundation for the activities of competent local governments. However, the unjustified military aggression has changed the usual rhythm of work of regional and district councils, as well as local authorities. The peculiarity of this legal regime is the creation of temporary state bodies, including military authorities. They operate in parallel with autonomous local governments. However, there are cases when the military administration can assume the powers of local self-government bodies if the local council does not meet on time. Local self-government in Ukraine is a right guaranteed and enforced by the state and a territorial community – a voluntary association of residents of a village, villages or several villages, cities – to address local issues within the limits determined by the current legislation, may be formed independently or subordinated to officials and self-government bodies. Local self-government is designed to strengthen the foundations of the constitutional order of Ukraine, ensure the implementation of constitutional principles, human and civil rights, create conditions for meeting the vital needs and legitimate interests of citizens, and develop local democracy. During the legal regime of martial law, military authorities exercise the powers of local state authorities and part of local self-government bodies, as defined by the current legislation. Therefore, the role of local state authorities and local self-government bodies in ensuring the quality functioning of society is very important.

Evolution of work conditions for employees driving for work in France based on data from the 2003, 2010 and 2017 SUMER surveys (Surveillance Médicale des expositions aux risques Professionnels)

Introduction: The occupational road-accident risk on public roads and the work conditions for professional driving is still an important issue in occupational health despite lower road-accident rates. This study presents the evolution over time of the work-related constraints for these employees based on the Sumer surveys carried out in 2003, 2010 and 2017. Method: Data from the 2010 and 2017 surveys were restricted to match the scope of the 2003 survey in order to enable prevalence data to be compared in equivalent populations. The main variable of interest was “driving (car, truck, bus, and other vehicles) on public thoroughfares” for work (during the last week of work: yes/no). Work time characteristics, work rhythm, autonomy and scope for initiative, collective work group, standards and evaluations variables were completed by the occupational health physicians. A self-administered questionnaire was also provided to employees and contained the Job Content Questionnaire, which assesses decision latitude, social support and psychological demands, the reward scale of Siegrist questionnaire, the hostile behaviour with inspired questions for Leymann, sick leave and work accidents during the past 12 months and job satisfaction. Finally, prevention in the workplace was also completed by the occupational health physicians. Results: About 25% of employees in France were exposed to work-related driving in 2017, which was stable in comparison with 2003 and 2010. However, the population was older and there were more females, more often from the clerical staff/middle manager category and working in companies with fewer than 10 employees. Employees exposed to work-related driving were also more frequently exposed to sustained work schedules and physical constraints, but less exposed to psychosocial risks. Conclusions: The percentage of employees exposed to occupational road accident risk, i.e., exposure to work-related driving, remained stable at about 25% in 2017 compared with previous surveys. These employees were also more frequently exposed to sustained work schedules and physical constraints, but less exposed to psychosocial risks. Practical Applications: Prevention campaigns on work-related road accident risk should be provided to all employees in all companies since all jobs can be concerned.

САМООЦЕНКА ЗДОРОВЬЯ И РЕСУРСНОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ У ДЕВУШЕК, ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ В МЕДИЦИНСКОМ ВУЗЕ

A comprehensive study of the health status of girls studying at Tyumen State Medical University showed a high level of awareness about risk factors for developing diseases. Correlations between the lifestyle of girls and awareness of the main and additional risk factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases and infections. no sexually transmitted diseases have been identified. The low level of stress resistance in girls is due to lack of time and academic workload, including physical education classes. Chronotype - late evening or early morning did not affect sleep quality and stress resistance in the study group. All the girls had difficulty waking up in the morning and fell asleep late. The sleep deficit was compensated by waking up late on weekends. During the holidays, the rhythm of work and rest changed, shifting to late falling asleep and late waking up in the morning, but almost all the girls felt rested and ready to continue their studies in the new semester. According to the questionnaire and food diary, the diet of most girls was dominated by easily digestible carbohydrates and chicken meat. The diet was unbalanced and irregular, 15.6% of girls were overweight, and 12.8% were underweight. All girls studied in the main or special groups in physical education, but only 22.7% of students led an active lifestyle and were fond of sports, choreography or dancing, and visited fitness studios or a gym. Among girls, a small group was identified with an average degree of dependence on nicotine according to the Fagerström test – 4.7%. More than half of the survey participants have experience of drinking alcohol. Overall, we didn't notice the characteristics typical of Generation Z. It was not possible to identify a single girl who, in terms of psychophysical fitness, psychological and social well-being, met the definition of a healthy person by the World Health Organization.

Job crafting as retention strategy: An ethnographic account of the challenges faced in crafting new nursing roles in care practice.

Nursing shortages in the global north are soaring. Of particular concern is the high turnover among bachelor-trained nurses. Nurses tend to leave the profession shortly after graduating, often citing a lack of appreciation and voice in clinical and organisational decision-making. Healthcare organisations seek to increase the sustainability of the nursing workforce by enhancing nursing roles and nurses' organisational positions. In the Netherlands, hospitals have introduced pilots in which nurses craft new roles. We followed two pilots ethnographically and examined how nurses and managers shaped new nursing roles and made sense of their (expected) impact on workforce resilience. Informed by the literature on professional ecologies and job crafting, we show how managers and nurses defined new roles by differentiating between training levels and the uptake of care-related organisational responsibilities beyond the traditional nursing role. We also show how, when embedding such new roles, nurses needed to negotiate specific challenges associated with everyday nursing practice, manifested in distinct modes of organising, work rhythms, embodied expertise, socio-material arrangements, interprofessional relationships, and conventions about what is considered important in nursing. We argue that our in-depth case study provides a relational and socio-material understanding of the organisational politics implicated in organising care work in the face of workforce shortages.

문학과 음악의 삼투현상

In this paper, we seek to understand the interrelationship between literature and music through Duras' works. First, we selected Nathalie Granger and Moderato cantabile as representative works in which music was explicitly presented. Nathalie Granger is a work that was produced as a movie and then introduced in the form of a screenplay. This work has a nouveau-roman tendency to express the aesthetic correlation between literature and music through cinematic writing within the historical background of the development of mass media. Moderato cantabile is a work that presents a musical background in the title itself. Here, music demonstrates not only the internal changes of the characters but also the technique of imprinting the structure and rhythm of the entire work. In conclusion, through the analysis of these two works, we confirm the close osmosis between literature expressed in language and music, a non-verbal form of expression.

How does work affect fathers' daily interaction with adolescents? An expanded self‐regulation perspective

SummaryThe management of the daily rhythm of work and childrearing, two central responsibilities of working fathers, has received limited research attention. Drawing from an expanded self‐regulation perspective, this study seeks to understand the within‐person depletion and compensation mechanisms that explain how fathers' daily work experiences spillover to influence their next‐day parenting interactions. We also posit that actual childrearing support by mothers and its unavailability may shape fathers' day‐to‐day caregiving rhythm by injecting resources and/or cuing demands for father parenting involvement. Using daily triadic data (N = 631 within‐person observations) from 96 fathers, mothers and their adolescent children in the United States, we found that the lagged relationship between fathers' negative work events and next‐day father–adolescent conflict was mediated by fathers' psychological distress. In addition, we found that negative work events were associated with increased father–adolescent routine activities the next day via time‐based work–family conflict, but only when mothers worked the next day. We further found that negative work events were associated with decreased father–adolescent interactive activities the next day via psychological distress, but only when mothers provided less routine care than normal the next day. Our study portrays fathers juggling work and parenting as a sequenced balancing act. Importantly, incorporating mothers' daily work status and routine parent–adolescent interactions enriches our understanding of fathers' daily work‐to‐parenting spillover process.

Technostress: A Critical Assessment of Its Negative Aspects and Strategies for Coping

The information and technological changes have increased the flow of information, and it has crossed space and time limits. Radical changes in ICT have accelerated the rhythm of life and work. The rhythmic acceleration can be felt in the professional as well as personal life. Information and communication technology is widely used in today’s work culture and it is contributing to the newly growing problem known as technostress. Technostress cannot be avoided as most organizations across the globe are using digital technology. Continuous digitization significantly affects the work and workers in organizations. It has both negative as well as positive consequences but negative consequences are more as per the different studies. Numerous empirical studies have been conducted on technostress but among them, few have comprehensive reviews, which have led to fragmented information about the technostress. The main objective of this study is to review the negative implications of technostress and how to cope with them. We gathered data from published articles available in different databases. The integrative research design has been used to carry out the research. Based on the results available from different studies, we have conceptualized this study and it will help individuals and managers to be aware of technostress impacts. Organizations can manage well in time the unwanted risks that technostress brings into them. In this review article, we have shown the negative impacts of technostress and strains arising as a result of technostress along with the coping mechanism that helps to mitigate the negative outcomes of technostress.

Understanding Work Rhythms in Software Development and Their Effects on Technical Performance

Understanding Work Rhythms in Software Development and Their Effects on Technical Performance

Influência da Organização do Trabalho nos Riscos Psicossociais: uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura

Introduction The various changes that have occurred in recent decades have directly affected the health of workers, especially the psychosocial risks that cause physical or psychological illness. Psychosocial risk factors are important in the health care process, including how work is organized, time arrangements are determined, social relationships occur, and content and workload are structured, in terms of mental and social demands for each worker. Objective Verify the influence of work organization on the psychosocial risks of workers. Methodology A systematic review of the literature was performed using Methodi Ordinatio, which allowed the ranking of relevant works on the subject. Thirteen papers were selected for an in-depth analysis. Results The rate of mental and behavioral disorders is higher, respectively, in the Brazilian states of Rio Grande do Norte, Minas Gerais, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, Distrito Federal, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul, Bahia, São Paulo and Paraná; with public administration workers being the most affected. It was demonstrated that the main causes of psychosocial risks are related to the working day (long hours and intense work rhythm), followed by lack of resources and problems of interpersonal relationships. Discussion and conclusion Measures to prevent psychosocial risks will depend on the situation with which the risk is associated, and organizational intervention in the prevention and management of these risks is of great importance. KEYWORDS: Ergonomics, Psychosocial, Occupational Medicine, Occupational Health, Safety at Work.

Psychological aspects of stress and stress resistance in modern conditions

The main problem: the article highlights the problem of dealing with stressful situations that are often found in the daily life of a human being. Purpose: to define the concepts of "stress" and "stress tolerance", to analyze some methods of working through stressful situations, stress relief. Methods: the article discusses active exercises and trainings to relieve tension and reduce stress, some self-regulation techniques. The results and their significance: the stress management techniques we offer can help a person cope with the abundance of stress that he has to face in everyday life. In addition, we also consider such techniques that can prevent the subsequent occurrence of so–called distress – the harmful effects of stress on the human body and its health. Each person has their own individual scenario of behavior under stress "in terms of frequency and form of manifestation." Most often, this scenario is learned in childhood. The direction of stress aggression is also repeated: at yourself or at others. One blames himself for everything and looks, first of all, for his mistakes. The other blames everyone around him, but not himself. The stress scenario learned in childhood is "triggered" almost automatically. In these cases, a minor violation of the usual rhythm of life and work is enough, as the stress mechanism turns on and begins to "unwind" almost against the will of the person. Self-regulation is a person's ability to arbitrarily manage their activities. The ability to self-regulate is a very important quality that helps a person maintain internal balance, preventing information from entering his consciousness that poses a threat to his well-being. It is also important to learn how to manage your feelings, independently regulate your emotional state.

Socio-Economic Impacts Of Land Function Transfer Of Rice Commodities To Corn Commodities In Nanjungan Village

Agriculture is a vital sector in the Indonesian economy, especially in rural areas such as Nanjungan Village. Nanjungan Village faces significant challenges regarding the supply of water for agricultural irrigation. The decreasing water discharge has affected the ability to maintain optimal rice production, thus encouraging farmers to look for alternatives in managing their land with land conversion. This is what causes researchers to be motivated to know the socio-economic impacts resulting from land conversion. The method of determining this sample uses (Simple Random Sampling) or a simple random sample. The population is 358 farmers. According to Arikunto 10% - 15% so that the total sample taken was 15 percent of the total corn farmers in Nanjungan village, namely 54 farmers. This research combines quantitative descriptive research methods. The results of the study stated that the social impacts that occurred were the life cycle of the community, such as the planting and harvesting periods, as well as the reduced work rhythm of farmers after converting their land to corn, so that gathering activities for farmers also decreased. The economic impact that occurs is the income of farmers before land conversion, which is Rp. 21,029,148, - and there is an increase in income after land conversion, namely Rp. 31.102.014,-. The difference in income before and after land conversion is IDR 10,072,866..

Upbeat or Off‐the‐Mark? How Work Rhythms Affect Strategic Change

AbstractThis study examines how organizational members cope with new work rhythms that are brought about by a strategic organizational change. Based on a two‐year qualitative case study of a major strategic change in a research unit at a university that encouraged academics to embody an upbeat, energetic work rhythm, we identify four different modes of engaging with rhythms (syncing, tuning, figuring, and settling). We found that individual academics engaged rhythmically in different ways to meet this expected way of working and with discernible consequences for how they participated in the strategic change and ultimately were able to support the change, or not. Based on our study findings, we conceptualize a process model of rhythmic coping that highlights a central but often overlooked part of strategic change with significant implications for the success of a change as well as for the continued health and well‐being of employees.

“Ada Apa Dengan Gen Z” Studi Fenomenologi Generasi Net Di Tengah Dilematisasi Antara Gaya Hidup Dan Kearifan Lokal

Background – Generation Z is a generation that grows and develops in today's rapid technological developments. This also applies to Gen Z who are part of Balinese society and are very strong in cultural nuances and local wisdom. The tourism industry and modernity coexist with the strong culture that is the pulse of people's lives, creating an interesting phenomenon for the development of Generation Z in Bali. Especially those who work in various industries or as professionals. Aim – This research aims to find out how efforts are made by Generation Z in Bali in facing various pressures which are a dilemma between excellent performance in their place of work and the full contribution expected of them to cultural organizations amid conditions in Balinese society which are strong in implementing cultural activities based on local wisdom. Design/ Methodology/ Approach – This research uses a qualitative approach with phenomenological characteristics. Researchers try to explore the various activities of the sources and enter into the personal and social lives of the sources. The data validation technique uses the triangulation method, which consists of observation, interviews, and documentation. Informants were taken using a purposive sampling technique. The validity of the data is determined by source triangulation, technical triangulation, and time triangulation. Data analysis techniques are assisted by NVivo 12 Plus software. Findings – The strong traditions that Balinese people still maintain are also rooted in Generation Z. They feel that their obligations as krama (members) of Balinese society require them to remain active in various social activities. They will tend to try to manage their time and maintain their identity as part of Balinese society. If these conflicts are not resolved, they tend to choose to switch to jobs that can create flexibility in working so that they continue to carry out their activities as part of Balinese manners by becoming part of social organizations in Bali, in this case, Sekaa Teruna-Teruni and Banjar. Conclusion - There is harmony between Gen Z and the strong cultural roots and local wisdom in work rhythms and business organizations. Research Implication – This research shows that Generation Z cannot be fully identified as a generation that closely follows various developments and puts aside traditions that are considered ancient. In several areas that are thick with local wisdom and culture, Generation Z seems to be in harmony with the existing culture and forms an identity as Generation Z who can synergize modernity and tradition, thus creating a unique combination. However, sometimes there are various problems when they cannot synergize elements of the lifestyle and characteristics of the latest Gen Z with the local wisdom they adhere to. Limitations – This research uses phenomena taken from the perspective of a limited number of informants. The characteristics of local organizations and the company's organizational culture have not been studied further. Research with a greater number of sources and a deeper level of depth in the object being analyzed is necessary.

Discovery, simulation, and optimization of business processes with differentiated resources

Business process simulation is a versatile technique to predict the impact of one or more changes on the performance of a process. Process simulation is often used to identify sets of changes that optimize one or more performance measures. Mainstream approaches to process simulation suffer from various limitations, some stemming from the fact that they treat resources as undifferentiated entities grouped into resource pools, and then assuming that all resources in a pool have the same performance and share the same availability calendars. Previous studies have acknowledged these assumptions, without quantifying their impact on simulation model accuracy. This article addresses this gap in the context of simulation models automatically discovered from event logs. Specifically, the contribution of the article is three-fold. First, the article proposes a simulation approach, wherein each resource is treated as an individual entity, with its own performance and availability calendar. Second, it proposes a method for discovering simulation models with differentiated performance and availability, starting from an event log of a business process. Third, it proposes a method to optimize the resource availability calendars in order to minimize resource cost while also minimizing cycle times. An empirical evaluation shows that simulation models with differentiated resources more closely replicate the distributions of cycle times and the work rhythm in a process than models with undifferentiated resources, and that iteratively optimizing resource allocations in conjunction with resource calendars leads to superior cost–time tradeoffs with respect to optimizing these allocations and calendars separately.

BIOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF HUMAN HEALTH AS DETERMINANTS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

The purpose of the study was to analyse the relationship between a person's mental performance, work efficiency and psychophysiological functions (PF) of the body. It is proved that taking into account the biological foundations of a person should be an essential condition for life and health, as well as for the development of a modern democratic country. The use of a typological approach based on psychophysiological criteria optimises professional orientation and provides recommendations on the possibility of mastering certain professions without harming health. This approach contributes to the efficient allocation of human capital, the use of periodic health monitoring, and the prediction of production volumes and quality, as well as its competitiveness. Methodology. The study was aimed at identifying the level of mental performance and efficiency of information processing on a computer in representatives of three groups of employees who differed in strength (mental performance, MP), mobility of nervous processes (MNP), balance (BNP) of nervous processes, speed of sensorimotor reactivity, indicators of situational anxiety (SA), cardiovascular system, and activation processes of the brain. Results. The study found that the examined employees of an office company (77 women and men aged 18-23 years) who had the highest level of MP and work efficiency were characterised by higher heart rate spectral power (HR), SA, and BNP. It is from individuals of this psychophysiological type that one should expect maximum mastery of the profession, relevant competencies associated with the speed of reaction, a minimum of erroneous actions, promotion of income, production volumes and rates, and a low level of injuries. The group of employees with low levels of PF was characterised by low levels of MP and efficiency, but at the same time high levels of SA, demonstrating a high risk of chronic fatigue and general neuroticism. In order to optimise the professional sphere and increase the economic income of this category of people, it is recommended that they be more careful in selecting professions that have a less intensive rhythm of work and a low stress component. Subjects with an average level of sensorimotor reactivity, spectral power indices of HR, SA and BNP showed a high level of RP and work efficiency, but relatively low reserve capabilities of the body. In this case, to prevent a decline in health, deterioration in the quality of life, labour productivity and economic decline, a clear distribution of occupational loads and rest should be followed. Practical implications. Taking into account that the respondents with the highest spectral power indicators of HR, SA, and BNP showed the highest level of MP and efficiency of work performed, it is this category that should be targeted first of all by the main business strategies of the country's development related to economic growth, development of marketing trajectories, and building innovative and exclusive production models. At the same time, it is necessary to systematically introduce various health-saving programmes to enable timely restoration of human physical and psychophysiological potential. Subjects with low characteristics of the psycho-emotional and neurovegetative spheres demonstrated lower MP and work efficiency. Predictably, they are associated with lower ratings of competitiveness and income in a professional field with a high rhythm of tasks, tension and time pressure, but are able to demonstrate sufficient labour potential in other professions. Value/originality. The obtained actual data of the selected groups of employees make it possible to assess the MP, the effectiveness of the work performed by them and can be used as reliable biological markers of economic fluctuations in society. On the other hand, it should be borne in mind that high performance and labour efficiency largely depend on the PFs involved in the state of human health. Thus, timely preservation and maintenance of the population's health at the proper level, combined with the applied typological psychophysiological approach to vocational guidance and individualisation of work regimes, lays a solid foundation for the economic growth of a democratic country.

‘Bouncing between the buses like a kangaroo’: efficient transport, exhausted workers

While transport and mobility studies have focused on diverse challenges related to improving the quality of public transport (PT) for its passengers, they have hardly examined the well-being and livelihoods of PT workers. To address this gap, we explore the work spaces and times of bus drivers employed in PT in Gothenburg and Stockholm (Sweden), where PT operations are procured from private companies to ensure service quality and financial efficiency. Drawing upon studies on capitalist temporalities of work, we observe that the bus drivers are obliged to perform fatiguing work tasks under constant time pressure, which generates daily conflicts between bodily, personal, and work rhythms. The drivers’ time wealth is severely constrained, as they have limited capacity to control their own time and experience a near-constant work-life imbalance. Our findings indicate that such hindrances are not simply a product of work rhythms marked by the rigidity of the PT timetable. Rather, they emerge from the operational and financial logic of procurement that contradicts the well-being and livelihoods of PT workers. We conclude with a plea to place workers as essential actors for future reflections on inequalities and injustices related to transport and mobility.

Организация процесса подготовки младших школьников к учебным занятиям в группе продлённого дня

The article reveals the potential of the extended day group in improving the quality of preparation of younger schoolchildren for training sessions. Based on the recommendations of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, the group’s work schedule has been developed, which is adapted to the conditions for the implementation of educational programs for primary general education. Innovations include organizing the preparation of younger schoolchildren for training sessions, taking into account the physiological characteristics inherent in their age, and differences in the rhythm of work when doing homework. The results of the diagnostics carried out are confirmed by the analysis of student performance, as well as by the data of a survey of primary school teachers aimed at determining the dynamics of changes in the level of preparation of younger students for classes.