Working Conditions Research Articles

Features of Providing Air Temperature and Humidity Parameters in the Engine Room Working Area at Sewage Pumping Stations

Statement of the problem. There is an important task for engineers to improve the working conditions of workers in industrial facilities. The waste water system includes a large number of structures with different temperature and humidity microclimate characteristics. The possibility has been discussed to improve these characteristics by redistributing air flows in the engine room of a city sewage pumping station with PLI panel. Results. There are the results of the temperature and humidity microclimate parameters research in the working area of the engine room at a high-voltage sewage pumping station which is located in Moscow. The author has proved the possibility of use the cooled air from the machine room lower level in a high-voltage pumping station at the machine room main working area. It has been described the calculation features of the heat transfer coefficients in the proposed model for local ventilation at the main technological working area. It has been described the results of temperature and humidity parameters instrumental study in the main working area and the lower level. Conclusion. Thelocal ventilation systems could be used for the working area, where an employee performs repair work of the main technical equipment in a sewage pumping station. The balanced mathematical thermal model includes PLI panel’s potential location.

Exploring variations in subjective well-being among Norwegian retirees: A growth mixture modelling approach.

This study aimed to identify subgroups of Norwegian retirees with similar trajectories of subjective well-being (SWB) across the retirement transition and to explore how various factors influence these SWB trajectories. The study employed growth mixture modelling to analyze longitudinal data, exploring the trajectories of life satisfaction, positive affect and negative affect in retirement transition. It also examined the influence of factors such as demographic, living arrangement, pre-retirement work conditions, individual characteristics and available resources on these SWB trajectories. Contrary to the hypothesised three distinct SWB trajectories in retirement, the results more strongly support a single group solution for life satisfaction and positive affect. For negative affect, a two-group solution, consisting of one group with stable low and another with stable high negative affect, was preferred. The study identified several predictors of SWB trajectories. The findings suggest that retirement is a neutral life event with stable SWB trajectories. However, several factors significantly influence whether retirees experience higher or lower SWB in retirement. The findings of this study provide updated insights into the heterogeneity of the retirement experience, as well as highlight important factors for retirement SWB.

Leadership in Crisis: Navigating the Challenges of COVID-19

Abstract—The COVID-19 pandemic presented unprecedented challenges to global industries, with the Consumer Packaged Goods (CPG) sector being significantly impacted due to lock- downs, supply chain disruptions, and workforce safety concerns. This paper examines how a leading CPG manufacturer navigated the crisis, highlighting the leadership strategies and operational adjustments employed to sustain production, ensure employee safety, and maintain market presence. Key areas of focus in- clude the implementation of automation, establishment of robust quarantine protocols, adoption of flexible work schedules, and incentivization of front-line employees. Additionally, the paper explores the complexities of managing supply chains and vendor relationships during the pandemic and illustrates how, while many competitors were forced to shut down or faced shortages due to inadequate preparedness and inability to adapt safety protocols, the manufacturer remained operational by swiftly reacting to the evolving situation, resulting in increased sales. Drawing on this case study, the paper provides actionable steps for organizations to prepare for future similar scenarios, emphasizing the importance of resilience and proactive leadership in crisis management. Index Terms—Leadership, Crisis Management, COVID-19, CPG Industry, Automation, Supply Chain Resilience, Employee Incentives, Flexible Work Schedules, Food Manufacturing, Or- ganizational Resilience

Effectiveness and Durability of a Workplace Sedentary Behavior Intervention Based on the Total Worker Health® Approach

We used the Total Worker Health® approach to develop a multi-component workplace sedentary behavior intervention and tested intervention effectiveness in a cluster randomized trial. Participants (n = 198; 75% female) were recruited from three call-centers (two intervention and one usual practice control). All worksites received pedal stand active workstations. The usual practice site received no additional support, while the intervention group completed a six-month program of activities including computer-based training, behavioral self-monitoring, health and safety discussions, and pedaling competitions. Data collection included a survey, a physical health assessment, and accelerometer measures of sedentary behavior, physical activity, and sitting/standing time. Primary analyses were generalized estimating equations comparing changes between intervention and usual practice conditions over time, along with analyses of changes in both groups combined over time. Six-month results revealed less prolonged sitting and reductions in musculoskeletal pain in both groups (all p < 0.05), while the intervention group showed additional improvements in moderate physical activity (p < 0.001) and use of pedal stands (p < 0.01). At 12-months, the additional physical activity and pedal stand use in the intervention group regressed to baseline levels, while reductions in prolonged sitting in both groups were durable (p < 0.01). This study adds to previous research showing the effectiveness of the Total Worker Health® approach for workplace health and safety. Results also show that, while providing employees with health and safety resources is beneficial, providing ongoing support for the adoption and use of resources is more effective.

Evaluation of success factors of occupational health and safety management systems with the analytical hierarchy process: the case of ground handling companies in Turkey

Ground handling companies (GHCs) have the highest potential for occupational accidents in the air transportation sector. Understanding the success factors of occupational health and safety management systems (OHSMSs) implemented by GHCs ensures effective and efficient use of resources. Knowing the relative importance of success factors will enable companies to focus their energies on the most important factors. The analytic hierarchy process was used to determine the relative importance of success factors. The data of the study were obtained through a questionnaire survey of participants working as occupational safety and health (OSH) managers in GHCs operating in Turkey. According to the results of the study, the most critical success factor is ‘top management support’, followed by ‘positive safety culture’. The differentiating result of the research from the literature is that ‘OSH professionals’ ranks third as an important success factor. Other success factors include ‘OHSMS practices’, ‘stakeholder attitudes and characteristics’ and ‘regulations’.

Assessment of Job Satisfaction

The research focused on assessing job satisfaction among contractual faculty members in higher education institutions, utilizing Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory as a framework. Contractual faculty members often hired temporarily, face unique challenges and conditions that can significantly impact their job satisfaction and overall engagement. Herzberg's theory distinguishes between motivators, intrinsic factors related to the job itself, and hygiene factors, which are irrelevant conditions surrounding the job. This study explores both factors to assess their effects on the job satisfaction of contractual faculty members.Quantitative approach is applied to capture relevant results of contractual faculty members' job satisfaction. The survey measured various motivators, including intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Findings indicate that while improvements in hygiene factors like salary and job security are essential for reducing dissatisfaction, they alone are insufficient to foster high levels of job satisfaction. Motivators, such as opportunities for meaningful work and professional development, are crucial in enhancing overall job satisfaction. This research provides valuable insights for higher education administrators and policymakers aiming to improve contractual faculty members' working conditions and experiences. By addressing motivators and hygiene factors, institutions can establish a more motivating and supportive work environment, ultimately benefiting faculty and students.

Active rest with exercise for pharmacy workers: an ergonomic approach to prevent musculoskeletal injury risk

This study aims to carefully review published articles examining the effect of active rest with exercise to prevent the risk of musculoskeletal injuries among pharmacy workers. Using the systematic literature review method, data were obtained from a thorough search on Google Scholar. The keywords were "Active Rest AND Exercise AND Injury Risk AND Musculoskeletal AND Pharmacy Worker AND Ergonomics". Additionally, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select articles that align with the study objective. For example, it focused on articles indexed in the Scopus database and published between 2019 and 2024. For standard operationalization, this study followed the PRISMA method. Based on the search results, 6,850 articles were found from various sources. Furthermore, the articles went through several stages of the screening process, in which 8 articles that fit the theme and met the inclusion requirements were selected. The results of this study found that active rest programs had a positive impact on the work productivity, physical activity, and physical fitness of pharmacy workers. In addition, an occupational safety and health (OSH) program, a supportive work environment, and the promotion of an active lifestyle with exercise were also important in improving productivity. Adjustment of active rest programs for specific types of workers, effective behavior change interventions, ergonomic education, and multimodal physical therapy have been shown to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. The findings of this study support the assumption that a comprehensive intervention program can prevent musculoskeletal injuries, improve employee well-being and comfort, and provide guidance for healthcare practitioners and pharmaceutical company managers in designing effective active rest programs.

Mapping Research Themes and Trends in Ergonomics within Industry 5.0: A Bibliometric Analysis

Abstract: Industry 5.0, the next stage of development after Industry 4.0, centers around the seamless integration of individuals and technology inside industrial processes to foster innovation that prioritizes human needs and experiences. Industry 5.0 diverges from Industry 4.0 by placing greater emphasis on the collaborative partnership between humans and machines rather than solely focusing on automation and advanced technologies like IoT and AI. The study employs bibliometric analysis to delineate the subjects and research areas in ergonomics within the context of Industry 5.0. The study analyzed literature from the Scopus database to identify trends and gaps in implementing ergonomic principles across different industrial sectors. The study addresses two distinct research inquiries: identifying overarching research subjects and emerging research themes. The results indicate the existence of four primary research clusters: the interaction between humans and advanced technology, the safety of work and collaboration between humans and robots, the optimization of multiple purposes and sustainable development, and the application of augmented reality in industrial design. The report emphasizes the growing importance of human-robot collaboration and artificial intelligence while acknowledging a decline in emphasis on user experience and virtual reality. The findings thoroughly analyze the present condition and development of ergonomics research in Industry 5.0 while providing significant recommendations for future investigations and real-world implementations.

Inertia in transformed times: Work health and safety amid climate change

Climate change will impact work health and safety conditions at an unprecedented scale, and the effects are already being felt. The most significant consequences are for workers labouring in higher temperatures and heatwaves. Other dangers include increased air pollution, vector-borne diseases and solar ultraviolet radiation. The International Labour Organisation (ILO) says climate change and WHS ‘needs to top our list of global priorities’, requiring national planning and action to ensure successful workplace adaptation to limit injuries and deaths. If this is correct, why is so little happening in Australia to plan for these current and emerging issues? This article considers the findings of key ILO and Australian Government reports and initiatives in 2023 and 2024 to assess what action experts argue is needed and how Australia stacks up.

Nurse Burnout and Patient Safety, Satisfaction, and Quality of Care

Occupational burnout syndrome is characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a diminished sense of personal accomplishment and is prevalent among nurses. Although previous meta-analyses have explored the correlates of nurse burnout, none have estimated their association with health care quality and safety and patient morbidity and mortality. To evaluate the magnitude and moderators of the association between nurse burnout and patient safety, patient satisfaction, and quality of care. The Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and ProQuest databases were searched from January 1, 1994, to February 29, 2024. Two reviewers independently identified studies that reported a quantifiable association between nurse burnout and any of the outcomes of patient safety, patient satisfaction, or quality of health care. The PRISMA 2020 guideline was followed. Two reviewers independently extracted the standardized mean difference (SMD) (Cohen d) estimates for a random-effects meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses and meta-regressions were conducted using prespecified variables. Any measure of patient safety, patient satisfaction, or quality of health care previously associated with nurse burnout. A total of 85 studies (81 cross-sectional and 4 longitudinal) involving 288 581 nurses from 32 countries (mean [SD] age, 33.9 (2.1) years; 82.7% female; mean [SD] burnout prevalence rate with study-specific ascertainments, 30.7% [9.7%]) were included. Nurse burnout was associated with a lower safety climate or culture (SMD, -0.68; 95% CI, -0.83 to -0.54), lower safety grade (SMD, -0.53; 95% CI, -0.72 to -0.34), and more frequent nosocomial infections (SMD, -0.20; 95% CI, -0.36 to -0.04), patient falls (SMD, -0.12; 95% CI, -0.22 to -0.03), medication errors (SMD, -0.30; 95% CI, -0.48 to -0.11), adverse events or patient safety incidents (SMD, -0.42; 95% CI, -0.76 to -0.07), and missed care or care left undone (SMD, -0.58; 95% CI, -0.91 to -0.26) but not with the frequency of pressure ulcers. Nurse burnout was also associated with lower patient satisfaction ratings (SMD, -0.51; 95% CI, -0.86 to -0.17) but not with the frequencies of patient complaints or patient abuse. Finally, nurse burnout was associated with lower nurse-assessed quality of care (SMD, -0.44; 95% CI, -0.57 to -0.30) but not with standardized mortality rate. The associations were consistent across nurses' age, sex, work experience, and geography and persistent over time. For patient safety outcomes, the association was smaller for the low personal accomplishment subcomponent of burnout than for emotional exhaustion or depersonalization, as well as for nurses with a college education. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, nurse burnout was found to be associated with lower health care quality and safety and lower patient satisfaction. This association was consistent across nurse and study characteristics.

Digital Contact Tracing Implementation Among Leaders and Health Care Workers in a Pediatric Hospital During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Qualitative Interview Study.

Health systems had to rapidly implement infection control strategies to sustain their workforces during the COVID-19 pandemic. Various outbreak response tools, such as digital contact tracing (DCT), have been developed to monitor exposures and symptoms of health care workers (HCWs). Limited research evidence exists on the experiences with these technologies and the impacts of DCT innovations from the perspective of stakeholders in health care environments. This study aims to identify the factors influencing the adoption of DCT, highlight variations in perspectives across 3 key stakeholder groups concerning the impact of DCT, and provide benchmarking evidence for future pandemic preparedness. Guided by the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework, we conducted an exploratory qualitative study to investigate the implementation and impact of DCT at the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario between December 2022 and April 2023. We conducted 21 semistructured interviews with key stakeholders, including health care administrators (6/21, 29%), occupational health and safety specialists (8/21, 38%), and HCWs (7/21, 33%). Stakeholders were asked about the factors influencing engagement with the DCT tool, organizational-level uptake, the implementation process, long-term use and sustainability of DCT, and unintended consequences. Verbatim transcripts were subject to thematic analysis using NVivo (QSR International). The implementation of DCT was viable and well received. End users indicated that their engagement with the DCT tool was facilitated by its perceived ease of use and the ability to gain awareness of probable COVID-19 exposures; however, risk assessment consequences and access concerns were reported as barriers (reach). Participants commonly agreed that the DCT technology had a positive influence on the hospital's capacity to meet the demands of COVID-19 (effectiveness). Implementors and occupational specialists referred to negative staffing impacts and the loss of nuanced information as unintended consequences (effectiveness). Safety-focused communication strategies and having a DCT tool that was human-centered were crucial factors driving staff adoption of the technology. Conversely, adoption was challenged by the misaligned delivery of the DCT tool with HCWs' standard practices, alongside the evolving perceived threat of COVID-19. Stakeholders collectively agreed on the viability of DCT and its applicability to infectious disease practices (maintenance). Hospital stakeholders were highly satisfied with DCT technology and it was perceived as feasible, efficient, and having a positive impact on organizational safety. Challenges related to the alignment and delivery of DCT, alongside the evolving perspectives on COVID-19, posed obstacles to continued adoption by HCWs. Our findings contribute to evidence-based practices and present benchmarks that can inform preparedness for future pandemics and infectious disease outbreaks and help other organizations implement similar technologies.

Study on the Performance of Different Crystal Forms Nano MoS2 as Lubricant Additives in Reducing Wear and Friction

ABSTRACTIn order to investigate the anti‐friction and anti‐wear performance of different crystal forms nano MoS2 in paraffin oil. Freeze‐drying method combined with hydrothermal was used to prepare different crystal forms nano MoS2 and their microstructures were characterised by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The anti‐friction and anti‐wear performance of MoS2 nanoparticles as lubricat additives under different working conditions was investigated by the ball‐and‐disk friction and wear testing machine and the mechanism of friction and wear reduction was investigated. The results showed that the thickness of the floral sheet MoS2 flakes was about 10 nm and the particle size of the spherical MoS2 was about 90 nm. When the addition concentration was 3 wt%, the friction coefficient of the floral sheet MoS2 in paraffin oil was lower at 0.094, which was 29.3% lower than that of the pure paraffin oil, the width of the abrasion marks was 24.2% lower than that of the pure paraffin oil and the wear rate was 71.6% lower than that of the pure paraffin oil; The friction coefficient of the spherical MoS2 with 2.5 wt% addition was 0.082, which was 38.3% lower than the friction coefficient of pure paraffin oil, 24.1% lower than that of paraffin oil in terms of wear scar width and 81.9% lower than that of paraffin oil in terms of wear rate.

Improvement of the functional layouts of multifunctional soil-cultivating sowing units

BACKGROUND: With the technology evolution, the use of combined machines and units has become more in demand. From the numerous studies that were carried out during the operation of machines of this type, it can be seen that the cost of raw materials and financial costs have been significantly reduced, and the number of other advantages has been identified as well. AIM: Improvement of the functional layouts of multifunctional tillage sowing units for a more optimal combination of structural layouts and parameters of its use. METHODS: Engineers use the method of changing working bodies designed as layouts aiming to turn the machines into the modules capable of performing various types of operations based on working conditions. Thanks to this method, sets of individual working bodies and combinations are prepared for any kind of conditions (soil, climate, etc.). In addition to the advantages, this system has a number of disadvantages. One of these is that at the factory-built modules that are part of the original basis of the unit cannot be fully adapted to environmental conditions and economic factors of production. In this regard, combination of structural layouts and selection of the necessary parameters become problem causing. It is difficult to choose necessary parameters that are capable of ensuring minimal losses and adjusting the unit to the necessary operating mode. The objects of study are the devices and production processes, the main task of which is performing tillage and sowing operations. The practical value of this study presented in the form of: building the algorithm capable of structuring the analysis and synthesis of the structural layout of the tillage-sowing unit to find the working links for various types of unit functions; finding the methods and improved combinations of working bodies, comparison of similar mechanical analogues with the original properties of systems. RESULTS: When studying the studies of Wilde, who gave a description of the combined units, as well as the studies of Runchev, who determined the generalization of the combined machines, the relevant typology of agricultural machinery was developed. In this typology, one of the most important characteristics is multifunctionality, which has developed from the need for the versatility of units and the compilation of combinations of several units. The developed technology contains a number of characteristics that are fundamental for the choice of agricultural machinery. CONCLUSION: As a result of the study, it was determined at which velocity of the unit the system is balanced.

Global-Local Continual Transfer Network for Intelligent Fault Diagnosis of Rotating Machinery

Existing fault diagnosis methods face three fundamental challenges when deployed in the dynamic environment, including insufficient continuous diagnostic capability, poor model generalization performance, and inadequate data privacy protection. To address these problems, we develop a novel continual fault diagnosis framework named Global-Local Continual Transfer Network (GLCTN) for fault classification of unlabeled target samples under different working conditions without any source samples. Specifically, a consistency loss and a mutual information loss are introduced in the proposed GLCTN to transfer the learned diagnostic knowledge. Moreover, a dual-speed optimization strategy is utilized to preserve the acquired diagnostic knowledge and to endow the model with the ability to acquire new knowledge. Validation experiments conducted on an automobile transmission dataset demonstrate that the proposed GLCTN achieves satisfactory diagnostic performance on multiple continuous transfer diagnostic tasks.

Exploring Teacher Job Satisfaction in Regular Basic Education: The Case of Peru

Teachers play a pivotal role in shaping the educational journey of children and adolescents. This article endeavours to examine whether teacher satisfaction in Peru has seen consistent improvement over time, influenced by various factors such as salary increments, enhancements in infrastructure and working conditions, as well as changes in teaching and learning methodologies. This inquiry stems from the significant increase in government budget allocation to the education sector since 2000, with a notable 546.2% rise in student expenditure at the secondary level. We proposed as research question: “How has job satisfaction been for regular basic education teachers in Peru?” To address this, a qualitative, descriptive, non-experimental approach was adopted, drawing upon data from the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI) and the Ministry of Education (MINEDU). We found that despite the increase in factors such as salary, budgetary allocation, and job stability within the public sector, teacher satisfaction has not seen the desired improvement. On the contrary, teachers express a sense of unrecognized contributions by their educational institutions. Received: 20 March 2024 / Accepted: 1 November 2024 / Published: 05 November 2024

ANÁLISE DE RISCOS NA PRODUÇÃO DE FRIGORÍFICOS: ESTRATÉGIAS PARA PREVENÇÃO E CONTROLE

This paper is a scientific article whose theme is the analysis of risks in the production of meatpacking plants: strategies for prevention and control. In this environment, workers face physical risks, biological risks and risks of accidents. This is because, in meatpacking plants, we find places where the temperature is extremely low (usually below 0º). Therefore, the function of the PPE provided is to provide safety to avoid humidity, low temperatures, noise, injuries caused by sharp instruments and biological contamination. What strategies should be adopted to prevent and control the occurrence of accidents and/or the spread of diseases in the production line of meatpacking plants, based on risk analysis? The general objective is: to describe what risk management is as well as the best way to apply it in a meatpacking plant to prevent accidents and control occupational diseases. The specific objectives are: to characterize what risk analysis and management are in a meatpacking plant; to present the main characteristics of the production environment as well as the main precautions that should be taken to ensure the physical integrity of the worker; describe the guidelines set out in NR-32 and its determinations for occupational health and safety, especially in companies that work with the slaughter and processing of meat and meat products. The methodology used will be a descriptive and exploratory literature review

A Review of the Links Between Work and Heart Disease in the 21st Century.

This review explores the multifaceted exposures in the workplace that contribute to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including physical, ergonomics, chemical, biological, psychosocial, and emerging occupational hazards. These well-documented occupational hazards have long been linked to heart disease. Exposures arising from these hazards present significant concerns for worker health and safety. Moreover, heat stress is an emerging and increasingly pervasive threat, exacerbated by climate change, particularly in outdoor, high-exposure industries like agriculture and construction. While the epidemiological links between heat and CVD are well established, there is a critical gap in research on the physiological impacts of heat on workers' cardiovascular health. In particular, migrant workers are especially vulnerable to these occupational hazards, particularly in the absence of targeted, equitable interventions. As global temperatures rise, addressing these occupational exposures is important for protecting the cardiovascular health of the workforce and the expanding field of occupational cardiology.

Nordic environmental resilience: balancing air quality and energy efficiency by applying artificial neural network

Maintaining public health and environmental safety in the Nordic nations calls for a strict plan to define exact benchmarks on air quality and energy efficiency. This study investigates the complicated interaction of decentralized energy production (DEP) with energy efficiency, and air quality index in the Nordic nations from 1990 to 2022 using System GMM and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) approach. Our research explored positive role of decentralized energy production and technological advancement to propel notable increases in energy efficiency, hence lowering pollution expressed as PM2.5 level. Our research indicates, however, that although international trade, GDP and urbanization assist to enhance energy efficiency, they also contribute to pollution by raising PM2.5 Level by higher energy usage. Furthermore damaging to environmental quality is the persistent link shown by economic disparity and the energy price index with increased degrees of pollution and less energy efficiency. Policy frameworks must devised sustainable development policy (decentralized energy production) to significantly improve energy efficiency and lower the amount of pollution. This calls for proper urban planning and a close observation of the possible drawbacks of growing GDP, trade, economic disparity, and energy expenses.

Maternal and newborn health prioritization in Yobe State, Nigeria: analysis of stakeholders' perspective.

Maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity in conflict-affected northeastern areas of Nigeria, such as Yobe State, are disproportionately higher than those in the rest of the country. There is limited evidence on the factors that influence maternal and newborn health (MNH) policymaking and implementation in this region, particularly with respect to the impact of conflict and context-specific issues. This study explores the political, economic and health system factors that drive the prioritization of MNH policies in Yobe State. The aim of this study was to elucidate the conflict-related factors influencing MNH outcomes, which could inform targeted interventions to improve MNH. The study is a descriptive case study that relies on multiple data sources and is guided by the Health Policy Analysis Triangle. We reviewed national and subnational research, technical reports and policies related to reproductive health and the MNH in Nigeria since 2010. Following stakeholder mapping, we identified and invited prospective participants in the MNH policymaking space. Nineteen stakeholders from the government, civil society and nongovernmental organizations, donor agencies, and public and private sector health providers in Yobe State participated in the semistructured in-depth interviews. Data were collected from November 2022 through January 2023 and were thematically analysed via Dedoose software. MNH services in Yobe State have received considerable attention through initiatives such as the National Midwifery Service Scheme, free MNH services, training of midwives with deployment to rural areas, and health facility renovations. The effective implementation of MNH services and policies faces challenges due to insufficient funding, and sustainability is hampered by changes in governance and political transitions. The Boko Haram insurgency exacerbated the humanitarian crisis in Yobe State and disrupted MNH services due to the displacement of populations and the decline in the number of health workers. Additionally, sociocultural and religious beliefs hinder timely access to and utilization of MNH services. Although policies and guidelines for MNH services exist in the state, they are inadequately disseminated to health providers, which affects their effective implementation across facilities. Collaboration and intersectoral coordination platforms exist, but competition and rivalries among unions, political entities, and implementing agencies sometimes impede progress. Enhancing MNH services in Yobe state requires increased commitment for funding through the Northeast Development Commission rehabilitation fund; strengthening the health workforce, safety and retention plan; promoting gender inclusivity within the health sector; and addressing sociocultural barriers to women's health-seeking behaviors. Concrete, time-bound plans for policy dissemination are necessary to ensure effective service implementation.

Continuous work-related sitting time and its association with perceived workplace support for health among workers in the Greater Accra Municipality: a cross-sectional analysis with sensitivity analyses

BackgroundResearch to date has shown that work-related sitting time can be a major occupational health risk. This understanding has encouraged several workplace health promotion efforts. Even so, some domains of work-related sitting time and their associations with Perceived Workplace Support for Health (PWSH) have not been considered in research. This study aims to compare domains of work-related sitting time between employee characteristics (e.g., gender and age) and assess their associations with PWSH.MethodsThis study adopted a cross-sectional design with a sensitivity analysis against confounding and measures against common methods bias. The study population was employees of private and public firms in Accra, Ghana. In all, 1000 employees participated in the study. The hierarchical linear regression analysis and the independent samples t-test were used to present the results.ResultsEmployees working in service firms, compared with those working in manufacturing firms, reported longer sitting time for lunchtime. After adjusting for physical function, we found a negative association between PWSH and the sum of continuous sitting time as well as its domains (p < 0.001), except for ‘sitting with a desk’ (p > 0.05).ConclusionWork-related sitting time was associated with employee characteristics and was lower at higher PWSH. This study reinforces the importance of workplace support for health and its role in work-related sitting.