Work Teams Research Articles

The effects of hope and spirituality on the work‐group mentality in the Chilean miners catastrophe

This article analyses the role that hope and spirituality play in enhancing the capacity of work teams and organisations to face extreme contexts of crisis and disasters. The study utilises Bion’s concept of sophisticated work‐group mentality to examine how these phenomena can contribute to the generation of new capabilities within the group to address the dilemmas and challenges that emerge in times of crisis. It addresses an iconic case of catastrophe–the case of the Chilean miners rescued in 2010 after surviving entrapment for almost seventy days–in order to analyse the relationships that unfold within and around the hopeful endurance of disaster. This article empirically examines the constructive dimension of basic assumptions mentalities, contrary to the predominant view in the socio‐analytic field that emphasises the regressive and disabling nature these phenomena have on the achievement of the group’s task. For this purpose, the concept of work‐group pairing (French & Simpson, 2010) is used to show the productive nature of hope on the group members’ psychic functioning. Thus, this article contributes original insights on the role of hope in the psychosocial construction of pathways for organisational recovery and resilience during and after a crisis.

Oral health in home care: Perspectives and experiences of dentists in a Brazilian region.

Home care provided by dentists is crucial for ensuring adequate oral care. However, oral health professionals face challenges in delivering treatment at patients' residences due to a lack of resources. Our objective was to explore dentists' perspectives and experiences of dental home care and potential challenges for its implementation. The study took a qualitative approach. Guided by a semi-structured interview schedule, data were gathered using recorded interviews with 22 dental professionals. After transcription, data were analysed thematically using the Discourse of the Collective Subject (DCS) method, using Qualiquantisoft. The majority of participants were female (n = 20), aged between 30 and 40 years old, and predominantly specialising in primary care (n = 6) or endodontics (n = 6). All participants provided home care, performing general dental procedures, normally responding to requests from the work team (n = 13) or family (n = 7). Six main categories on to the topic emerged: importance and access to home care, procedures performed during home visits, discussions about post-home care, professional competence and patient-centred care, positive aspects of home care, and negative aspects and challenges faced in this type of care. This study highlights the fundamental, yet complex, role of home care in dentistry. Continuity of treatment through adaptability and a patient-centred approach are important.

COVID-19 Disruptions to Social Care Delivery: A Qualitative Study in Two Large, Safety-Net Primary Care Clinics

BackgroundSocial care integration refers to the incorporation of activities into health systems that assist patients with health-related social needs (HRSNs) that negatively impact the health outcomes of their patients, such as food insecurity or homelessness. Social care integration initiatives are becoming more common. The COVID-19 pandemic strained health systems while simultaneously increasing levels of unmet social needs.ObjectiveTo describe the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on established social care delivery in a primary care setting.DesignWe used qualitative semi-structured interviews of stakeholders to assess barriers and facilitators to social care delivery in the primary care setting during the COVID-19 health emergency. Data was analyzed using a hybrid inductive/deductive thematic analysis approach with both the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and the Screen-Navigate-Connect-Address-Evaluate model of social care integration.SettingTwo safety-net, hospital-based primary care clinics with established screening for food insecurity, homelessness, and legal needs.ParticipantsSix physicians, six nurses, six members of the social work team (clinical social workers and medical case workers), six community health workers, and six patients (total N = 30) completed interviews.ResultsFour major themes were identified. (1) A strained workforce experienced challenges confronting increased levels of HRSNs. (2) Vulnerable populations experienced a disproportionate negative impact in coping with effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on HRSNs. (3) COVID-19 protections compounded social isolation but did not extinguish the sense of community. (4) Fluctuations in the social service landscape led to variable experiences.ConclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic disrupted established social care delivery in a primary care setting. Many of the lessons learned about challenges to social care delivery when health systems are strained are important considerations that can inform efforts to expand social care delivery.

Characteristics, diagnosis and analysis of some indicators in the agricultural sector of the Trinidad Municipality, Cuba

<p>In the new policy established by the Cuban state for the agricultural sector, the achievement of food sovereignty and sustainability of said sector is established as a basic principle, which was endorsed in the current Law of Food Sovereignty and Food and Nutritional Security. For this reason, each municipality in the country, and under certain levels of autonomy, must guarantee compliance with the aforementioned law. For this, strict control of the structures of the territorial agricultural system and the behavior of its structures is necessary. With the completion of this work, the characterization, diagnosis and evaluation of some sustainability indicators for the agricultural sector in the Trinidad Municipality were established as objectives, in the period between 2015 and 2020, for this a work team was created that was able to collect, organize, analyze, compare and evaluate the information that appeared in the National Office of Statistics and Information of the Republic of Cuba, between the years 2015 and 2020, finding as one of the results that the workforce indicator used in this sector has suffered a drastic decrease, not guaranteeing the man-area relationship necessary to achieve food sovereignty and the sustainability of the sector at a territorial level.<strong></strong></p>

The Effect of Training and Work Motivation On Employee Performance at Bank Sumsel Babel

This study was conducted with the aim of determining the influence of training and work motivation on employee performance at Bank Sumsel Babel. The population in this study is all employees at Bank Sumsel Babel in 2023 as many as 3,312 employees. Based on calculations using the Slovin formula, the sample that became respondents in this study was as many as 120 employees of Bank Sumsel Babel. The results of multiple linear regression analysis show that training and work motivation have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Training, it is hoped that the Bank of South Sumatra Babel in providing training can adjust to what employees need in supporting their work. Work motivation, it is hoped that the boss can motivate his work team to be able to build good relationships and support each other in order to provide work results that are in accordance with the company's expectations.

Leader affiliative humour and work outcomes in multicultural teams

ABSTRACT Leader affiliative humour is when the leader makes funny remarks to reduce tension or amuse followers. Previous authors find leader affiliative humour may produce favourable effects. Yet, research demonstrates that it can also cause undesirable results. This study draws on the cultural perspective to propose follower power distance orientation as a moderator in leader affiliative humour’s favourable and unfavourable influences on work outcomes in multicultural teams, which refers to work teams composed of members from different countries and cultural backgrounds. To collect data from members of multicultural work teams, we conducted an individual-level three-wave survey with a two-month time lag each in a large Taiwan-based financial holding company operating in more than 20 countries. Analyses of matched data collected from 192 worker-supervisor pairs find leader affiliative humour can improve task performance via increased leader-member exchange only when the follower’s power distance is low and can initiate organizational deviant behaviours via perceived acceptability of norm violation only when the follower’s power distance is high. Our study provides empirical evidence from multicultural teams to demonstrate how leader affiliative humour may favourable or unfavourable influence workers with different levels of power distance orientation to complement the leader humour and the multicultural team literature.

Strategic Planning in Realizing Effective Schools in Vocational Schools

The development of strategic planning in the education system is urgent in creating effective schools, namely schools that have work processes that are consistent with the planning context. Meanwhile, strategic planning is planning that focuses on achieving the school's vision, mission and goals. In an effort to optimize strategic planning, sensitivity to changes in strategy is needed, respect for work risks, having a solid work team, creative, proactive, responsive to changes and problems, creative and innovative, and having high dedication to achieving goals according to targets, hopes and needs, demands and ability adjustments. This research was conducted through a qualitative approach, using technical case studies at several vocational high schools and resulted in the conclusion that the strategic planning development process includes 5 components that must be considered in school management, namely: (a) Strategy for achieving vision, mission and goals; (b) Strength of Planning Consistency; (c) Strengthening team collaboration; (4) Risk Management; and (5) the effectiveness of monitoring and evaluating the achievement of goals and the realization of effective schools

Moderasi Organizational Embeddedness Pada Pengaruh Organizational Trust Terhadap Workplace Deviance

This study aims to analyze and prove the effect of organizational trust on workplace deviance and prove the role of organizational embeddedness in moderating the effect of organizational trust on workplace deviance. This research uses Path Analysis. Organizational Trust has a significant negative effect on Workplace Deviance. In this context, the higher the level of Organizational Trust felt by employees, the lower the level of deviant behavior in the workplace. Although Organizational Trust has a significant effect on Workplace Deviance, the results of hypothesis testing show that Organizational Embeddedness does not moderate this relationship. Organizational Embeddedness, which includes fit, relationship, and sacrifice in the organization, does not affect the strength or direction of the relationship between Organizational Trust and Workplace Deviance. Thus, interventions aimed at increasing Organizational Trust may directly impact the reduction of Workplace Deviance without the need to consider employees' level of Organizational Embeddedness. Although Organizational Embeddedness does not moderate this relationship, this finding confirms that employees' trust in the work team, work environment, and management is a major factor that needs to be considered by leaders. Thus, efforts to increase trust should be prioritized in human resource management strategies to create a positive work environment.

Identifying as lesbian, gay, and bisexual at work: atemporal associations between sexual identity disclosure and work team experiences

PurposeAlthough sexual identity disclosure in the workplace can be related to heightened adversity for lesbian, gay or bisexual (LGB) employees, disclosure can also serve as an avenue for LGB employees to attain additional resources. Much of the work done in today’s organizations is done in team-based structures, making it likely that LGB individuals disclose to members of their work teams. However, very limited prior research has examined the associations of sexual identity disclosure within work team experiences. This paper aims to take a first step in addressing this gap in research on the experiences of LGB employees in the workplace.Design/methodology/approachThis study takes a first step toward addressing this gap by examining the associations between LGB identity disclosure and critical team-specific attitudes and behaviors (i.e., trust in team, commitment to team, conflict with team, withdrawal from team) and the atemporal indirect role of perceived LGB identity support from the team through a cross-sectional survey of 159 employees.FindingsResults demonstrated that perceptions of a supportive LGB team climate atemporally mediated the association between disclosure and relevant workplace variables. Specifically, disclosure of sexual identity to one’s work team is directly and indirectly, through perceived identity support, positively associated with trust and commitment toward the team. Furthermore, disclosure was indirectly, through perceived identity support, negatively associated with conflict and withdrawal from the team. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.Originality/valueThe results of this study highlight the importance of perceived identity support when individuals disclosure their sexual orientation in a team context.

A structural equation model of the impacts of nurses' psychological safety and psychological contract breach.

To investigate the effects of psychological contract breach and psychological safety on health and well-being outcomes among nurses. A cross-sectional study. Data were gathered from members of the Finnish social and healthcare workers' trade union (n = 4575) in February 2023. This study focused on data from 3260 nurses. Structural equation modelling was employed to firstly explain burnout and work engagement and subsequently health and well-being outcomes in relation to perceived psychological contract breach and psychological safety. Younger male nurses, those with lower-level university degrees, and nurses employed in public hospitals reported experiencing more psychological contract breaches. Conversely, older nurses and those working in private organizations perceived a higher level of psychological safety. Psychological contract breaches were associated with increased burnout and reduced work engagement, while psychological safety contributed to lower burnout and higher work engagement. Moreover, burnout was linked to health problems and diminished mental well-being, whereas increased work engagement led to fewer health problems and improved mental well-being. The final model demonstrated excellent fit. Breaches in the psychological contract, followed by distrust, and anger significantly burden nurses, detrimentally affecting their well-being at work. Psychologically safe working environments, consequently, improve nurses' well-being at work and should be promoted within work teams. Nursing managers could receive training to understand the consequences of, and practices for supporting, a beneficial psychological work climate. The study examined psychological burden and resource factors at work, finding that psychological contract breaches increased burden and led to negative well-being outcomes. In contrast, psychological safety emerged as a positive resource for health and well-being. These results offer benefits for nurses, managers and organizations. The study was reported following the Strengthening of the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology guidelines. No patient or public contribution.

Innovation and creativity in gastronomy beyond Haute Cuisine restaurants: Towards an innovation ecosystem in Gastronomytech in the Basque Country

The new avant‐garde of innovation in the field of gastronomy is moving from Haute Cuisine restaurants to laboratories, research centres, hubs or ecosystems fully dedicated to culinary innovation, where mixed and multidisciplinary teams of cooks and scientist work together. Such agents are leading an expansion of the field of influence of culinary innovation, connecting culinary knowledge with sectors such as agri‐food, hospitality, tourism, health or biotechnology. And, in turn, they seek to expand the frontiers of culinary innovation by exploring the connection of gastronomy with new digital technologies, promoting gastronomic entrepreneurship or developing policies to boost advanced gastronomic ecosystems around the world. The article analyses this process through the case study of the emergence of an innovation ecosystem in Gastronomytech in the Basque Country (Spain) led by the agents BCC Innovation, LABe Digital Gastronomy Lab and GOe Gastronomy Open Ecosystem, all three managed by Basque Culinary Center (an organization where training, innovation, research and entrepreneurship coexist with the aim of developing and promoting gastronomy). The study has implications for the management of culinary creativity and innovation, both for chefs and innovation teams at restaurants, as well as for policy‐makers who aim to promote innovative gastronomy in the future.

INFLUENCE OF MULTICULTURAL ENVIRONMENT ON THE DICISION-MAKING PROCESS

Mamuka Zakaradze E-mail: mamuka.zakaradze@ciu.edu.ge PhD Students of Caucasus Internationl University Tbilisi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9022-5673 Abstract: The article aims to explore the impact of a multicultural environment on the decision-making process, both in a positive and negative context, and shed light on the diverse dynamics and challenges that arise when working groups interact with different cultures. In view of globalization, in the wake of the development of international relations in the field of other things, it is becoming more and more important to emphasize the importance of multiculturalism and the processes taking place in it, both in the creation of a fruitful working environment and in the decision-making process. Its role in terms of sharing experience, acquiring new knowledge and the possibility of innovation, which is accompanied by the challenges of multiculturalism in the process of creating an effective working environment, gaining trust in the team, adaptation and integration, should be emphasized here. Based on the research and analysis of the features of the multicultural environment, the paper contains conclusions and recommendations for the interested parties on what are the ways to create a productive and effective work environment in organizations characterized by a multicultural work team. Keywords: Multicultural environment, decision-making, teamwork, adaptation in a team, global challenges. JEL classification: M10; M12; M16.

The Role Of Cognitive Sharing In Enhancing The E-Learning Quality An Analytical Study Of A Sample Of Iraqi Universities

The world faced many communication challenges in 2020 after the Covid-19 pandemic, the most important of which was the continuation of schooling. Therefore, the research aimed to analyze the current reality of the studied universities in terms of strengths and weaknesses and measure the implementing level of quality requirements of e-learning. This research studies the impact of knowledge sharing in its dimensions (behavior, organizational culture, work teams, and technology) on the e-learning quality and its dimensions (e-learning management, educational content, evaluation ,and evaluation). After conducting the survey, there was a difference in the universities’ application of the quality requirements of e-learning, as the study was conducted in the engineering departments of Iraqi public universities (Al-Nahrain, Technology, and Iraqia). The questionnaire was tested as a measure of the research variables and the relationship between them by selecting a sample that included 52 administrators who were distributed among the leaders (deans of colleges and heads of quality assurance departments). The descriptive analytical approach was adopted, in addition to using some statistical methods for the two programs (SPSS v.25). The results of the research indicated that the universities included in the study applied knowledge exchange to a moderate degree, and the behavioral dimension ranked first, while the organizational culture, technology, and work teams were good. There is a statistically significant effect of knowledge exchange on the quality of e-learning, and it also indicated that knowledge sharing has a direct impact on the dimensions of e-learning.

Too old to be included: age diversity statements foster diversity yet fall short on inclusion.

Older employees often face discrimination and exclusion from work teams. In two scenario studies, we tested the impact of age diversity statements on the representation and inclusion of older employees in teams. In Study 1 (N = 304), participants had to create a team and were either exposed to a diversity statement or not before selecting two teammates from a list of four differing in age and gender. Then, we measured participants' inclusive behavioral intentions towards a new, older member joining this team. Age diversity statements increased the representation but not the inclusion of older individuals in teams. In Study 2 (N = 518), we further manipulated the content of the statement (diversity or diversity and inclusion) and the organizational motive (reputation or change). We replicated the effects of diversity statements on representation. Moreover, statements also increased certain inclusive behaviors, but only when they targeted diversity and inclusion and reflected an organizational commitment to change. Taken together, these results suggest that age diversity statements foster diversity, yet fail to systematically increase inclusion.

SCIENTIFIC PROJECT TEAMS MANAGEMENT IN WARTIME REALITIES: PERSONNEL SECURITY ENSURING ASPECTS

The study is devoted to the scientific project teams management in the realities of wartime and personnel security ensuring aspects. The purpose of the work was to identify features that should be taken into account by personnel management and scientific and pedagogical personnel who are heads of scientific projects during the management of project teams engaged in research work under the influence of wartime risks. The research methodology means the use of content analysis and specialized literature processing, as well as taking expert opinion on modern features of scientific project management into account. As a result of the study, features were identified that should be taken into account by managers and scientific and pedagogical staff , including heads of scientific projects, when managing project teams mission is to provide research work under the influence of wartime risks; the characteristic features of the scientific projects management in comparison with applied research were investigated; the peculiarities of the scientific project team formation are determined, personnel risks accompanying the process of implementing a scientific project both in peacetime and in wartime are determined, and proposals are made for optimizing the management of scientific projects in the realities of wartime. The peculiarities of the scientific project team formation have been established, which include: the need for a team member to belong to the work team of a scientific institution or institution of higher education, the team members' compliance with the characteristics of active researchers, their availability of professional publications on the topic of the project; search for people with scientific degrees and scientific titles and united by common scientific interests. The field of application of research results is science management, project management, flexible management and team management in scientific and educational institutions, critical infrastructure enterprises and business structures.

Chasing two hares at once: The effects of goal orientation (in)congruence in teams

AbstractOrganizations must excel at what they do well while also learning new ways of operating to achieve long‐term success. Work teams may thus find themselves pursuing contradictory objectives to support the organization's strategy. We investigated teams' goal orientation (in)congruence and its impact on task meaningfulness and, ultimately, performance, hypothesizing the potential pitfalls of teams simultaneously pursuing both learning‐ and performance‐goal orientations. Three‐wave, multisource data were collected from 109 teams at a large North American mortgage company. In a polynomial regression and response surface analytical framework, team task meaningfulness—and subsequent team performance—was enhanced when teams had greater divergence between their learning‐ and performance‐goal orientations but suffered when both goal orientations were more aligned. Our investigation thus revealed the potential pitfalls of teams simultaneously pursuing both learning‐ and performance‐goal orientations. We discuss the theoretical contributions of the team goal orientation incongruence effect substantiated in this study, as well as implications for practice and future research.

Teacher Education: Design Thinking Approach in Makerspaces to Produce Quality Educational Video Games with a Visual Identity and Improve Design Thinking Skills

Video games participate effectively in the educational process due to their attractive visual features, but there are many challenges that teachers face when using them. Among these challenges is designing games to suit the goals of the educational process and respecting societal identity. Although there are many studies on educational video games, limited approaches that enhance teachers’ education have been explored. The current study focuses on stimulating pre-service teachers’ design thinking skills and improving the quality of their video games that have a visual identity by incorporating a design thinking approach into a makerspace. This study followed a quasi-experimental approach, in which 38 pre-service teachers from the departments of Art Education, Early Childhood Education, and Educational Technology at the College of Education at King Faisal University in Saudi Arabia participated. They designed and produced educational video games that consider visual identity and completed the design thinking scale. The results showed that there was great cooperation between participants from all disciplines in the work team, which affected the generation of creative and innovative ideas and the quality of the educational video games. This is due to the use of design thinking elements such as empathy, identification, ideation, and prototyping with different tools in the makerspace. This study calls for the use of a design thinking approach in the classroom learning space for teachers’ education, discusses implications for educational practices, and recommends further research in this area.

Analisis SWOT sebagai Strategi dalam Peningkatan Kinerja Pegawai Pemerintahan

This research aims to formulate strategies that must be implemented for performance development by analyzing the company's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats through analysis on the Government. This research is qualitative descriptive research with a SWOT analysis method that aims to improve the performance of Government employees. Data collection is carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis is carried out qualitatively consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Based on the results and discussions that have been carried out previously, the author concludes that: the strategy used to improve employee performance is the SO (Strengths–Opportunities) strategy, actions that can be taken in the strengths strategy by increasing competence, extensive work experience and high competence. Meanwhile, the opportunities strategy is with the development of new technology that can improve work efficiency and reduce costs, the availability of quality human resources that can strengthen the work team.

Leading A Bank’s Work Teams During Periods of Disrupted Market Performance

Leading A Bank’s Work Teams During Periods of Disrupted Market Performance

Driving remote team success through knowledge management practices in the Jordanian high-tech industry

This study aims to investigate the influence of remote work on team effectiveness in high-tech enterprises in Jordan, specifically focusing on knowledge management as a mediator. The study utilized a quantitative research design, with 254 participants actively participating in remote work settings across high-tech firms in Jordan. The sample was chosen based on the participants’ personal experiences with remote work arrangements, which provide valuable insights into the interplay between remote working conditions and team dynamics. The paper designed a structured questionnaire to elicit responses from employees about the variables under investigation. The survey data were analyzed using SmartPLS4 to validate the theoretical framework and research hypotheses. The results show a significant positive relationship between remote work and team effectiveness, as well as an improvement in knowledge management practices under telework conditions. Knowledge management practices refer to communicative activities regarding the systematic collection, organization, sharing, and application of knowledge resources. The importance of effective knowledge management practices is realized in remote settings, primarily through increased team efficiency and productivity. These results are statistically significant (p = 0.000), which stresses the importance of effective remote teamwork with regard to knowledge management.