Work Injury Insurance Research Articles

Utilization of outpatient service of pneumoconiosis patients in Chongqing and its influencing factors

Objective: To understand the utilization and characteristics of outpatient services for pneumoconiosis patients within two weeks in Chongqing, and analyze the influencing factors, so as to provide reference for relevant policy making. Methods: From October 2020 to October 2022, 1771 pneumoconiosis patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected by multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling. A questionnaire survey was conducted on their basic situation, utilization of outpatient services within two weeks, treatment for pneumoconiosis-related symptoms, and selection of medical service institutions using χ(2)-test and logistic regression analysis. Results: All the 1771 pneumoconiosis patients were male, with the average age of (56.1±10.19) years old. In the pneumoconiosis patients were treated in outpatient department within 2 weeks.40.0% (204/510) of aged 41~50 years Rural patients accounted for 87.8% (448/510) ; 65.1% (332/510) of silicosis patients, 37.5% (191/510) of stage II patients, 75.1% (383/510) of patients did not continue to engage in dust work after diagnosis of pneumoconiosis, and 57.1% (291/510) of patients never had work-related injury insurance at work. The outpatient rate within two weeks of pneumoconiosis related assistance and subsistence allowance was 17.6% (90/510) and 12.5% (64/510), respectively. The average self-health score of the patients was (52.9±16.2). 28.2% of the patients had purchased work-related injury insurance; Among the 1204 patients who received the treatment within two weeks, 42.2% were in the outpatient department, 20.7% were in the inpatient department, and 36.9% were self-buyers. There was a significant difference between the different treatment methods of the patients (χ(2)=27.53, P<0.05). There was a significant difference in patients from different residence choosing to visit different medical institutions (χ(2)=13.97, P<0.05). The stage of pneumoconiosis, presence of complications, presence of work injury insurance, self-health score, and whether he/she has been hospitalized in the past year are the important factors affecting the outpatient treatment of pneumoconiosis patients. Conclusion: The utilization of outpatient service of pneumoconiosis patients is influenced by demographic sociology, social support and disease characteristics. The quality of occupational disease medical service in primary health institutions should be strengthened so that pneumoconiosis patients can get convenient and effective treatment. Establish a more perfect social security support system to reduce the disease burden of pneumoconiosis patients.

Research on the Modernization of the Rule of Law in Work Injury Insurance Conflict Law

Research on the Modernization of the Rule of Law in Work Injury Insurance Conflict Law

Analysis and reflection on current situation of Chinese patent medicine for children in China

This study took Chinese patent medicine for children included in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition and the first supplement), Medicine Catalogue for National Basic Medical Insurance, Work Injury Insurance, and Maternity Insurance(2022 edition), and National Essential Medicines List(2018 edition) as the research objects, so as to sort out the distribution situation, characteristics, and the problems of Chinese patent medicine for children(including child-specific medicines, common medicines for children and adults, and discretionary medicines for children). According to statistics and summary, Chinese patent medicine for children is mainly administered orally, and the dosage forms are mostly traditional dosage forms, such as tablets, granules, capsules, and oral liquids, with mostly bitter or sweet taste. Diseases are mainly classified into pulmonary diseases and spleen and stomach diseases, and varieties of medication without Children's medication safety information or &quot;still unclear&quot; account for a relatively large proportion of the medicines. There are relatively few varieties of Chinese patent medicines for children, poor compliance of child-specific medication, lack of refinement of Chinese patent medicines for children dosage, and lack of information about safe use of medication. It is recommended to update and improve the instruction manuals in a timely manner, develop new varieties of Chinese patent medicine for children, and actively carry out post-marketing evaluation and clinical comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine for children, so as to provide a reference for the supplement and improvement of the instructions, the comprehensive improvement, the formulation of the catalogue, and the research and development of new Chinese patent medicine for children and ensure the use of medicines for children.

Clinical comprehensive evaluation of Jinsang Sanjie Pills/Capsules in treatment of vocal nodule/polyp of vocal cord

This study used health technology assessment methods and multi-criteria decision analysis(MCDA) model, according to the guideline for clinical comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine, we developed this assessment tool. The comprehensive evaluation score of Jinsang Sanjie Pills/Capsules is calculated based on the additive model. This score is calculated by &quot;quantitative evaluation software v1.0 for clinical comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicines&quot; which developed by the project team. The evaluation yielded the following results.(1)Effectiveness: compared with the control group, Jinsang Sanjie Pills/Capsules can improve the total effectiveness rate of vocal nodule/polyp of vocal cord, and improve the symptoms and signs.(2)Safety: Jinsang Sanjie Pills/Capsules did not show acute toxicity and long-term toxicity. The most common adverse reaction was gastrointestinal system damage, all of the adverse reactions were either improved or cured.(3)Economy: from the perspective of the health system, evaluating the single use or combination of Jinsang Sanjie Pills/Capsules with conventional medication in the treatment of vocal nodule/polyp of vocal cord is relatively effective and cost-effective compared to conventional medication, with a stable cost-effectiveness advantage.(4) Innovation: Jinsang Sanjie Pills/Capsules are used for the treatment of slow throat paralysis(vocal nodules, polyp of vocal cord, thickening of vocal mucosa) caused by heat toxin accumulation, Qi stagnation and blood stasis, and the resulting hoarseness. Jinsang Sanjie Pills/Capsules have good innovation and targeted indications.(5) Suitability: the investigated doctors, pharmacists and patients all believed that Jinsang Sanjie Pills/Capsules have good suitability.(6)Accessibility: Jinsang Sanjie Pills/Capsules are included in the category B of the National Basic Medical Insurance, Work Injury Insurance, and Maternity Insurance Drug Catalogue(2021 edition), which have good cost-effectiveness and affordability for medical insurance and self-paid patients. Jinsang Sanjie Pills/Capsules do not contain endangered animals and plants. The supply of raw materials can meet the demand of production at present. The comprehensive evaluation score is 76.06 points. Based on all dimensions of evidence, 71.4% experts consensus on Jinsang Sanjie Pills/Capsules is class A, which can be directly converted into decision making. This study comprehensively evaluated the clinical application value of Jinsang Sanjie Pills/Capsules in the treatment of vocal nodule/polyp of vocal cord, so as to provide evidence for their rational clinical use and regulatory decision-making.

Study on the Occupational Injury Protection System for Takeaway Riders and Other New Industry Practitioners

The rapid development of digital technology has given birth to new employment patterns with the typical characteristics of network platforms and high flexibility, whose features make the labor relations recognition standards designed for the characteristics of traditional employment methods reflect the limitations and ambiguity of the system when applied to the new employment patterns, leading to the lack of occupational injury protection for employees in the new industry. The solution to this problem lies in adjusting and transforming the existing lagging institutional arrangements to adapt to the changes in the labor market in the new era. According to the experience of domestic and foreign systems, there are three possible protection paths: the work injury insurance model, the commercial insurance model, and the new occupational injury protection system model. Due to the limitations of the first two models, the third model is more in line with the current needs of occupational injury protection for employees in the new industry. In the specific system design, it is necessary to fully protect the realization of workers' rights and interests, as well as to maintain the enthusiasm for the economic development of the new industry, and to provide continuous, efficient, and enforceable legal system protection for the employees of the new industry.

Updating the method of monetary conversion of remuneration for work within the concept of assessing the value of human capital

The economic formation of the present time is characterized by innovative processes occurring at all levels of organization of economic systems. The object of the study is a complex of knowledge, skills, abilities that characterize conscious human activity and form the concept of human capital. The subject of the study is salary as an economic category that reflects the cost of remuneration for a person’s labor activity within the framework of the economy of the People’s Republic of China. The purpose of the study is to update the method of monetary conversion of the cost of remuneration for the labor activity of a person. The objectives of the study are: 1. The study of theoretical sources of the subject area; 2. Consideration on a scientific basis of the traditional method of monetary conversion of remuneration for work adopted in the People’s Republic of China; 3. Scientific substantiation of the actualization of the method of monetary conversion of the remuneration of labor activity within the framework of the concept of human capital; 4. Practical approval of the proposed method of monetary conversion of remuneration for work in the activities of the subject of economic relations of the People’s Republic of China. The research methodology is a theoretical and heuristic approach, based on economic methods of cognition.The results of the study are a calculation formula for the method of monetary conversion of remuneration in the form of the cost of future salary in accordance with modern economic and social conditions. The essence of the proposed updating of the method is to divide the income from the monthly remuneration of employees into direct income (salary after taxes, allowances, overtime pay, bonuses, etc.) and indirect income, which is not paid to the employee and is a monthly compulsory national insurance, paid by the company to employees (retirement insurance, health insurance, work injury insurance, unemployment insurance, and maternity insurance). The authors also presented the evaluation of the method at the Chinese enterprise Goertek to calculate the value of the human capital of the enterprise for seven years, and at the same time, the advantages and disadvantages of the improved model in practice were analyzed.

Evidence mapping of clinical research on 28 Chinese patent medicines for tension-type headache

In this study, the evidence mapping methodology was used to systematically retrieve and sort out the clinical research evidence of Chinese patent medicines in the treatment of tension-type headache(TTH), and to understand the distribution of evidence in this field and the basis and quality of evidence. Chinese and English articles on the 28 Chinese patent medicines for TTH, which were recorded in National Essential Medicines List(2018), Medicine Catalogue for National Basic Medical Insurance, Work Injury Insurance, and Maternity Insurance(2020), and Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020), were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Wanfang, VIP, China Biology Medicine disc(CBMdisc), PubMed, EMbase, and Cochrane Library from the establishment to June 2021, followed by descriptive analysis. Then, tables and bubble charts were plotted to analyze the distribution characteristics of evidence. A total of 129 eligible articles were yielded: 126 randomized/non-randomized controlled trials, and 3 systematic reviews. The functions, indications, and composition of the 28 medicines, as well as the proportion of related articles, publication trends, intervention measures, and outcome indicators were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the 28 Chinese patent medicines, composed of 128 Chinese medicinals, can be classified into six categories in terms of function: reinforcing healthy Qi, tranquilizing mind, dispelling stasis, regulating Qi, treating wind, and resuscitating. There are ongoing efforts to study the treatment of TTH with Chinese patent medicine in China, despite of little evidence. The clinical positioning of Chinese patent medicine for TTH is not clear, and clinical research fails to highlight the advantages of Chinese medicine. In addition, the outcome indicators have not been standardized and unified, and there is a lack of evidence on the long-term efficacy of Chinese patent medicine for TTH. This study is the first exploratory application of evidence maps to compare the characteristics and clinical research progress of 28 Chinese patent medicines for TTH, which can provide a reference for research on the optimization of Chinese medicine strategies for TTH.

Air Pollution's Impact on the Economic, Social, Medical, and Industrial Injury Environments in China.

In this era of rapid economic development, it is inevitable that economic activities eventually cause serious damage to the environment’s air quality, making it the focus of global public health. If the treatment efficiency of medical accidents can be improved, then this can significantly stabilize society and improve production efficiency. Past research has mainly focused on work safety and health issues, seldom discussing economic, social, medical, and environmental pollution issues together, and, most generally, adopted static methods that fail to recognize how air pollution affects the overall economy, society, medical care, and external environment. In order to more deeply understand the changes among social, economic activities, and environmental issues due to air pollution, this study proposes a meta-two-stage undesirable dynamic DDF (Direction Distance Function) that, under an exogenous model, divides the 30 provinces of China into high-income regions and middle-income regions and explores the economic, social, medical, and environmental efficiencies between the two areas to resolve the lack of related static analyses. The empirical results are as follows. (1) The AQI (air quality index) significantly impacts the efficiency of medical injuries in various regions. (2) When the AQI is considered, the medical insurance expenditure efficiency score value of high-income areas is lower than the value without the AQI. (3) When the AQI is considered, the efficiency value of the number of work injury insurance benefits in the middle-income area is lower than the efficiency value without the AQI.

Study on quality of life and influeming factors of occupational disease patients in hangzhou

Objective: To investigate and analyze the quality of life of occupational patients in Hangzhou and its influencing factors, so as to improve their qol. Methods: From January 2007 to June 2018, patients with diagnosed occupational diseases in Hangzhou City were randomly sampled in October 2019. The patients＇basic condition and quality of life were investigated by self-made questionnaire and SF-36, a total of 303 valid questionnaires were collected and the influencing factors were analyzed by correlation analysis and multiple linear regression. Results: The scores of physiological function, physiological function, physical pain, general health status, energy, social function, emotional function and mental health of the patients with occupational diseases in Hangzhou were lower than those of the general population in China, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01) . The main factors affecting the score of quality of life of occupational patients are the types of occupational diseases, the level of disability and the duration of illness, the condition of suffering from other diseases, age, educational level, whether they are entitled to Work Injury Insurance, economic income, medical security and social support, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The quality of life of the patients with occupational diseases in Hangzhou City is poor, and the corresponding measures should be established to improve the qulity of life.

SOCIAL SECURITY FOR MIGRANT WORKERS IN THE BRICS COUNTRIES

The study of current practices in the legal regulation of social and labour relations in the BRICS countries indicates the need to ensure equal treatment of migrant workers with national workers. Discriminatory barriers to migrant workers accessing social security systems contained in the legislation of receiving countries (the legal status of the migrant, duration of stay and other). The legislation of the country of origin of migrant workers also excludes them from the social security systems. Foreign nationals, residing temporarily in Russia, are subject to compulsory pension insurance. The payment of insurance contributions allows establishing a certain amount of pension rights. However, they often do not acquire the right to insurance, since the insurance pension is granted only to foreign nationals permanently resident in Russia. Basic old-age insurance, basic medical insurance, work injury insurance, unemployment insurance, and maternity insurance extend to foreigners legally working in China. In Brazil, foreign workers are insured under the General Social Security Regime. However, it establishes progressive premium rates. In India, international employees are required to be registered as members of the Employees’ Provident Fund and to contribute to it. Foreign nationals, who have entered South Africa to work under a contract of employment and who have been forced to leave the Republic, are not covered by the social security. It is therefore essential to design and implement policies that will strengthen the sustainability of the social security system and eliminate discriminatory norms between labor migrants and national workers.

Economic, Social, Medical, Work Injury, and Environmental Efficiency Assessments.

Improving the management efficiency of industrial accidents is significant for stabilizing social order and improving production efficiency. Although many previous studies have discussed the impact of work injury on different occupations from the work safety and health perspectives, few have jointly discussed economic, social, medical, and environmental pollution issues, and those that do mostly employ static models, failing to take into account welfare factors and environmental pollution issues that affect society. Therefore, in order to understand the dynamic evolution trend between social and economic activities and environmental issues, this study utilizes a modified undesirable two-stage dynamic exogenous data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to explore the economic, social, medical, and environmental efficiencies of 30 provinces in China to fill the gap in the literature. In terms of work injury insurance expenditure efficiency, the results show that the air quality index (AQI) impacts the ranking of China’s 30 provincial regions, with Fujian, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shandong, Tianjin, and Xinjiang being greatly affected. AQI significantly influences overall factor efficiency, rescue invalid deaths, and the work-related injuries in the various regions. AQI also has a relatively small effect on the efficiency of work injury insurance benefits. Based on this, we offer suggestions for policy makers to evaluate the social benefits of environmental governance and the efficiency of human capital.

Associations Between Schemes of Social Insurance and Self-Rated Health Comparison: Evidence From the Employed Migrants in Urban China.

Background: Little was known about the relationship between social insurance without health insurance and self-rated health comparison (SRHC). The present study aimed to investigate how social insurance schemes improved SRHC among employed migrants in urban China.Methods: The employed migrants aged 18 and above were selected from the 2009 Rural-Urban Migration in China project. Multiple probit regression models were adopted to identify the determinants of participation of social insurance. Multiple logistic regression models were used to analyze the relationship between unemployment insurance, pension insurance, and work injury insurance and SRHC.Results: In the sample, most of the participants were middle-aged, male, and uninsured persons. However, over 80% of them reported better SRHC. Health insurance contributed to the participation of social insurance. The social insurance schemes were associated with financial risk. Regarding the confounding effects of health insurance, the three schemes of social insurance were associated with SRHC.Conclusions: The result indicated that not all three, but two schemes of social insurance, could improve SRHC among the employed migrants.

The Impact of Labor Contract and Labor Union on Social Security Right

Based on ten cities’ workers data about the employment situation of the worker in 2010, the paper analyzes the influence of labor contract and labor union on social security rights by using binary logistic regression model. The study found that: 1) labor contract and labor union contribute to the acquisition of the workers’ social security right, and the promotion of labor contract is greater than that of labor union; 2) the impact of labor contract and labor union on different types of social insurance is also different, which is more reflected in the unemployment insurance and basic medical insurance, while less reflected in the work injury insurance.

Social insurance for migrant workers in China: impact of the 2008 Labour Contract Law

Using the China Household Income Project (CHIP) 2007, 2008, and 2009 longitudinal migrant survey data, this article provides new evidence on the effects of China’s 2008 Labour Contract Law (LCL) on migrant workers’ social insurance participation, including in pensions, work injury insurance, unemployment insurance, medical insurance, and the housing provident fund. We find consistently strong evidence that migrant workers’ labour contract status was significantly associated with their participation in all five types of social insurance. In particular, having or gaining a long-term contract helped promote migrant workers’ social insurance participation, while losing one such contract decreased their chance of social insurance participation. Using a difference-in-differences (DID) method and focussing on the panel sample, we find that the implementation of the LCL helped boost migrant workers’ chance of social insurance participation consistently and significantly, especially for those who gained a long-term contract. These findings suggest that the LCL at least partly reached its intended policy goal of improving social protection for migrant workers, a disadvantaged group in the Chinese labour market. Future research should use longitudinal data and rigorous methods to track the long-term impact of this important law and help build a strong, unified social insurance system for all Chinese citizens.

The coverage of work injury insurance and its affecting factors in Zhejiang province, China

In China, the coverage rate of work injury insurance was 23.2%in 2011, which was far lower than expected. The factors affecting the insurance's enrollment has very little known. This paper aims to study the existing coverage of work injury insurance scheme and its influencing factors. The data were collected from 2 836 workers who came from 9 industries in three cities of Zhejiang province using face-to-face questionnaire interview. Of these 2836 workers, the work injury insurance coverage was 50.1%, and 29.6% were not sure if they were covered or not. The results showed that the awareness of occupational disease and industrial injury insurance was helpful in increasing the coverage rate. Besides, the logistic regression analysis showed that in certain circumstances working population shared higher coverage of work injury insurance. For examples, male workers with local household registration and longer working years; people who had been informed about occupational risk factors, and thus gained more training on the issue; people who had exposed to occupational hazards or involved in administrative duties; and people who had already insured by a medical insurance scheme. In the contrary, the heavier family burden with longer working hours per week they needed, the lower possibility they joined the insurance scheme. The coverage of work injury insurance is higher than native average level but much lower than the average international level. The awareness of occupational disease and injury insurance was closely associated with the coverage of work injury insurance. Therefore, it is imperative to popularize the knowledge on OHS for migrant workers, as well as to reinforce the supervision and management of the issue would have been an effective way to elevate the coverage rate of work injury insurance.

Study on willingness to participate and willingness to pay for hypothetical industrial injury insurance scheme

To investigate workers' willingness to participate and wiliness to pay for a hypothetical industrial injury insurance scheme, to analyze the influential factors, and to provide information for policy making of the government. Multistage cluster sampling was used to select subjects: In the first stage, 9 small, medium, orlarge enterprises were selected fromthree cities (counties) in Zhejiang province, China, according to the level of economic development, transportation convenience, and cooperation of government agencies; in the second stage, several workshops were randomly selected from each of the 9 enterprises. Face-to-face interviews among all workers in the workshops were conducted by trained interviewers using a pre-designed questionnaire. It was found that 73.87% (2095) of all workers were willing to participate in the hypothetical work injury insurance scheme and to pay 2.21% of monthly wage (51.77 yuan) on average, and more than half of the workers were willing to pay less than 1%of monthly wage (35 yuan). Of the 741 workers who were not willing to participate, 327 thought that the premium should be borne by the state or enterprises, instead of individuals, and others were not willing to participate because of low income, unstable job, or poor understanding of the hypothetical industrial injury insurance scheme. Logistic regression analysis showed that workers with higher education levels, longer length of services, longer weekly working time, or more knowledge of occupational diseases showed higher willingness to participate in the scheme; workers who were exposed to physical hazards, had health records, or had participated in the existing medical insurance or industrial injury insurance were more willing to participate. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that with increasing average monthly wage, weekly working time, and self?health evaluation, the proportion of workers with willingness to pay increased; however, with increasing work intensity and awareness of occupational disease, the proportion of workers with willingness to pay decreased. The workers who were not covered by the industrial injury insurance paid more than those covered by the industrial injury insurance. The hypothetical industrial injury insurance scheme increased the applicability and advantage of independent third-party running and lifetime insurance, which significantly increased the workers' willingness to participate in or to pay for the insurance scheme. Therefore, the industrial injury insurance can be improved in these aspects to promote workers' willingness to participate in and to pay for the insurance scheme. This conclusion provided a reference for the solution of delayed or shirking corporate responsibility for paying the premium.

Studies to evaluate the outcome of DM in the public and private sector in China

Disability management (DM) is quite a fresh idea to Mainland China (Mainland). The government has thus turned to professionals from outside Mainland, i.e. Hong Kong (HK). Nevertheless, since HK is under ‘one country, two systems’ policy, it has developed an approach differing from that of Mainland. A DM pilot study was jointly conducted by the Guangdong Provincial Work Injury Rehabilitation Center (GPWIRC) and the Hong Kong Workers’ Health Centre (HKWHC) to review the developments of DM reform in China and HK. In China, the foundation of DM approach is the work injury insurance system. Under this system, GPWIRC established her services to provide work injury prevention and occupational rehabilitation as a pilot study in early 2000s. Following this pilot project, GPWIRC further develops work and social rehabilitation and work injury prevention in the context of the labor insurance system. While in HK, mainly NGOs, insurance companies and some public organizations contribute to the promotion of DM approach. On the other hand, the study also reveals similar challenges that Mainland and HK are currently facing in the development of DM, such as professional's training in local rehabilitation, the underdeveloped reimbursement system and etc.. The aforementioned pilot study shows that DM's principles are accepted at a national level and some specific public organizations in China context. There thus is a research need to study the current DM development situation in the private sector. By doing so, an ongoing study, namely “Demographic change and private sector disability management in Australia, Canada, China and Switzerland. A comparative study” launched in Nov. 2013. Through this research, questions of process and procedure of the DM system used in the company, benefits gained and drawbacks encountered by the companies, and the strengths and weaknesses in the current DM systems will be answered. Other than that, data will also be collected from the employees’ perspective on their job satisfaction, physical and mental health, employee morale and workplace attendance and etc.. The primary result is expected in 2016.

Study on optimal model of hypothetical work injury insurance scheme

To explore an optimal model of hypothetical work injury insurance scheme, which is in line with the wishes of workers, based on the problems in the implementation of work injury insurance in China and to provide useful information for relevant policy makers. Multistage cluster sampling was used to select subjects: first, 9 small, medium, and large enterprises were selected from three cities (counties) in Zhejiang Province, China according to the economic development, transportation, and cooperation; then, 31 workshops were randomly selected from the 9 enterprises. Face-to-face interviews were conducted by trained interviewers using a pre-designed questionnaire among all workers in the 31 workshops. After optimization of hypothetical work injury insurance scheme, the willingness to participate in the scheme increased from 73.87%to 80.96%; the average willingness to pay for the scheme increased from 2.21% (51.77 yuan) to 2.38% of monthly wage (54.93 Yuan); the median willingness to pay for the scheme increased from 1% to 1.2% of monthly wage, but decreased from 35 yuan to 30 yuan. The optimal model of hypothetical work injury insurance scheme covers all national and provincial statutory occupational diseases and work accidents, as well as consultations about occupational diseases. The scheme is supposed to be implemented worldwide by the National Social Security Department, without regional differences. The premium is borne by the state, enterprises, and individuals, and an independent insurance fund is kept in the lifetime personal account for each of insured individuals. The premium is not refunded in any event. Compensation for occupational diseases or work accidents is unrelated to the enterprises of the insured workers but related to the length of insurance. The insurance becomes effective one year after enrollment, while it is put into effect immediately after the occupational disease or accident occurs. The optimal model of hypothetical work injury insurance scheme actually realizes cross-regional mobility of workers, minimizes regional differences, and embodies the fairness. The proposed model will, to some extent, protect the rights and interests of enterprises, as well as the healthy rights and interests of workers when they are unemployed.

First-time decisions regarding work injury annuity due to occupational disease: a gender perspective

ObjectivesThis study presents an investigation of first-time decisions regarding work injury annuity due to occupational disease. Focus is a number of potential underlying factors behind the gender gap, where women...

Labor contracts and social insurance participation among migrant workers in China

Using the China Household Income Project migrant survey data from 2007 to 2008, this paper examines the association between migrant workers' labor contract status and their social insurance participation, including pensions, work injury insurance, unemployment insurance, medical insurance, and the housing provident fund. The results show that having a labor contract, especially a long-term contract, improved the migrant workers' social insurance coverage to a substantial extent. Furthermore, moving from having a short-term contract or no contract to having a long-term contract significantly increased one's odds of having social insurance, whereas losing a long-term contract reduced the likelihood of having social insurance. These results highlight the importance of having a long-term labor contract for migrant workers' ability to obtain social insurance coverage and thereby increase their security and protect their basic rights.