Dyed Wool Fabrics Research Articles

Microwave Assisted Green Isolation of Laccaic Acid from Lac Insect (Kerria lacca) for Wool Dyeing

The utilization of sustainable products in the applied field is the recent demand of the global community. In this work the colouring behavior of laccaic acid as a source of natural red dye obtained from lac insect has been studied for the dyeing of wool fabric under microwave treatment. The extract was prepared in acidic medium and stimulated through MW treatment up to 7 min and used to dye fabrics. For developing new shades, eco-friendly green mordants such as extracts of acacia and turmeric were employed along with chemical mordants for comparative studies. The obtained results reveal that extract made in acidic medium after exposure for 5 minutes. has given high colour strength onto un-irradiated fabric when employed for 65 minutes at 75 °C. The rating of fastness properties shows that bio-anchors have given good ratings under optimal conditions. It is inferred that this eco-friendly tool has not only increased the coloring yield of natural anthraquinone dye from lac but also the inclusion of bio-mordants has made the natural coloration process more sustainable.

Utilization of Red Apple Peel Extract in Dyeing of Wool Fabric

ABSTRACT The utilization of natural colorants in textile dyeing and printing has come to the forefront of production of textile goods. Extractions of natural dyes from waste materials and their utilization in coloration of textiles have positive impact economically and ecologically. In this study, red apple (Malus domestica) peel extract was used in dyeing of wool fabric in presence of mordant. Adopting pre-, meta-, and post-mordanting methods; four mordants were used; namely, Fe+2, Cu+2, Al+3, and Sn+2, were used in dyeing of wool with red apple peel (RAP) extract. The effects of various dyeing conditions; namely, dye concentration, pH, time, and temperature of dyeing on the dyeability of wool with RAP extract were studied. The dyeing characteristics of the dyed wool fabrics were assessed by determination of their color strength and the CIELAB color system. The kinetics of dye adsorption were investigated at the assigned optimum dyeing condition. Results of this study proved that the dyeing operation of wool fabric with RAP extract fits well with a second-order reaction. Wool fabrics dyed using meta-mordanting method exhibited adequate to very good fastness properties against washing, rubbing, perspiration, and light.

Dyeing of Wool with Dalbergia sisso as an Eco-friendly Substituent of Conventional Hazardous Synthetic Dye

ABSTRACT Among all textile sectors, textile dyeing has a major contribution to environmental load in the form of effluent due to the use of hazardous chemicals, high consumption of water, and use of synthetic dyes. The depletion of any of the causes mentioned above could lead the process toward sustainability and this research is focused on the same concept. In this paper, a natural dye extracted from Dalbergia sissoo plant leaves is used to dye wool fabric, which is a natural fiber and is being used in winter and high-quality clothing. The natural dye on wool fabric was applied with the help of different mordants, namely ferrous sulfate, alum, and stannous chloride. In this research, the wool fabric was mordanted with different mordant techniques such as pre-mordanting, meta-mordanting, and post-mordanting, and the effect of dye extract concentration, mordant type, mordant technique, and salt concentration were studied. The results showed that color coordinate values were maximum with ferrous sulfate mordant using the meta-mordant technique.

Various Uses of Natural Plants Extracts for Functionalization Textile Based Materials

The use of natural colors creates no problems for waste disposal and can provide naturally dyed fabrics. Dyes may be derived from natural resources since old times. And The revival of sustainable plant-based dyes now a day is becoming the demand for the global community in all fields. so in this review, we discuss the application of natural plant extracts such as peanut pod which used in the dyeing of cotton fabric and using olive tree leaves and its extraction to dye cotton fabric and dyeing wool using henna extraction with the use of chitosan pretreatment instead of mordanting and also extract new natural mordant from oak and uses it In the dyeing of wool fabric.

Ultrasonic dyeing of wool fabric with aqueous extract of Ratanjot (Onosma echioides) natural dye

The purpose of this study is to compare the conventional and ultrasonic dyeing methods in terms of its colour strength and colour fastness properties of wool fabric dyed with Ratanjot root. The results suggested that dyeing of wool fabric with natural dye Ratanjot (Onosma echioides) using ultrasonic waves, significantly improved the dye uptake percentage to 12.31 per cent from conventional heating methods. The fastness grade were found to be higher with ultrasonic than conventional heating. Additionally, the fabric dyed using ultrasonic waves gave a deeper shade and good colour intensity even at lower dyeing time (75min) and temperature (60°C). Therefore, ultrasound wave represents a promising technique for increasing diffusion of dye by the effect of cavitation, as well as for improving the effectiveness of processes when compared to conventional heating

Energy-efficient dyeing of wool fabrics with sulfonic acid derivatives of aniline by oxidation polymerization

Traditionally, wool fibers are dyed with acid dyes at the boil, which is energy-intensive process, and increases the cost of dyeing. The development of alternative energy-efficient dyeing processes is quite attractive to the textile industry to make textile dyeing sustainable. In this work, the feasibility of low-temperature dyeing of wool fabric with several aniline sulfonic acid (ASA) derivatives by oxidative polymerization method was investigated. The effect of dyebath conditions, such as monomer concentration, monomer to oxidant ratio, pH, temperature, and time on the shade produced and color strength was systematically studied. The treatment with various ASAs produced various yellowish-brown color shades with tonal change. The treatment conditions had a great effect on color strength and colorfastness to washing. The optimum treatment conditions were found to be pH 3, 30 °C, and 60 min. The excellent colorfastness to washing exhibited by the ASA-treated fabrics (colorfastness grades from 4 to 4–5) showed that the developed method could be used for the coloration of wool and other polyamide fibers.

Evaluation of the dyeing performance and antimicrobial activity of dyed wool fabric with new azo dyes

A series of novel mono and diazothienopyrazolone dyes were successfully synthesized and characterized, the coloration performance of the prepared dyes was assessed on wool fabrics. The structures of the synthesized dyes were characterized and confirmed by making use of IR, UV, 1HNMR and C13NMR spectrophotometers with a view to determine and confirm their chemical structure. Antimicrobial activity of the dyes fabrics has been investigated, the dyeing performance of the as prepared dyes in terms of color strength (K/S), CIE lab as well as fastness properties (washing, rubbing, perspiration and light) of the dyed wool fabrics were also investigated. The synthesized dyes exhibited high and homogeneous dyeing performance, antimicrobial activity and the fastness properties of the dyed fabrics were ranging from good to excellent.

Valorization and Reuse of Centaurea Kroumeriensis Hydrodistillation Effluent: A Sustainable Phytodyeing Process for Wool Fabrics

Natural dyes have become an appealing ecological source for textile dyeing and present a potential alternative of the synthetic dye. The main objective of this current study was aimed towards possible valorization of aqueous effluent in natural phytodyeing process. The hydrodistillation process of the liquid waste of Centaurea Kroumeriensis was studied for its re-use in the dyeing of wool fabrics. The studied dye bath was analyzed by physicochemical methods pointing out the presence of flavonoids and condensed tannins. The phytodyeing process was optimized using mathematical modeling based on full factorial design. The obtained dyeing performances were assessed by the measurement of color strength (K/S) and colorimetric coordinates. In addition, color fastness to light, washing, and rubbing was evaluated. The dyed fabrics showed shades between beige and brown and exhibited, overall, good fastness properties. In other respects, the wastewater effluent residual from the dyeing process was characterized and compared to that of the initial dye bath. The polluting load was reduced for both chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand. On balance, the liquid waste of Centaurea Kroumeriensis exhibited remarkable coloring performances proving its use as a promising natural resource for textile fabrics natural dyeing. Hence, the suitable waste management concept in essential oil production extraction could lead to achieving a low-cost sustainable dyeing process.

Microwave-assisted dyeing of wool fabrics with natural dyes as eco- friendly dyeing method: part II. The effect of using different mordants

Our current study aims to study the effect of different metallic mordantson the new natural dyes that we were able to extract in a previous study. The extent to which the intensity of color is affected by the presence of metallic mordantshave been studied and also the effect of the concentration of each mordant on the natural dyes was investigated, and then the changes that took place on the color axes were screened, and then the fastness of the new dyes were studied after applying them to the woolen fabric

Microwave-assisted dyeing of wool fabrics with natural dyes as eco- friendly dyeing method: part I. Dyeing performance and fastness properties

In this study different Mixtures of folk plants (Artemisia monosperma and Phlomis floccose )in different proportions and different concentrations of the mixture are used to obtain new natural dyes and applying them to woolen fabric using microwave radiation and then studying the effect of extraction time and the pH of the dyeing bath on the strength of color and then studying the fastness of these dyes against light and Washing and perspiration

Bark Residues Recovery of Juglans Regia. L For the Dyeing of Wool Fabrics : Development of Microwave-assisted Extraction and Dyeing Processes

ABSTRACT Large quantities of plant waste are rejected daily in our universe. Consequently, several researchers have proposed various ways to enhance them. One of these possible routes is recovery as a natural dye for textile use. This study aims to explore the possibility of recovering the Juglans Regia. L barks residues in natural dyeing. Hence, the extraction of a bio-dye was carried out by microwave, several parameters were studied, namely: the microwave power, the pH, and the duration. The total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, condensed and hydrolyzable tannins contents were estimated each time. Then, the colored extracts were used for dyeing wool fabrics. The Dyeing quality resulted was estimated by calculating the colorimetric coordinates (L*, a*, b*) and the color strength (K/S). Good results were obtained, with brown shades and a color strength (K/S) close to 15 was reached. The dyeing fastnesses were also checked, acceptable fastnesses to washing, rubbing and to light were obtained. Finally, the dyed and undyed wool samples were characterized by spectral Infrared analysis and a proposal of possible dyeing mechanisms was suggested.

Use of Alpinia Officinarum Rhizome in Textile Dyeing and Gaining Simultaneous Antibacterial Properties

ABSTRACT Technology is changing rapidly today. Developing technology brings some undesirable situations along with many benefits. Intercontinental transport of unwanted bacteria together with textile products is one of them. In this study, in this context, it is aimed to gain the antibacterial properties of woolen fabrics by natural dyestuff. Because chemical substances are harmful to the environment cleaner production with natural substances is important for this. Alpinia Officinarum rhizome was used as natural dye source for woolen fabrics. In addition to the use of mordant in dyeing processes of woolen fabrics, dyeing experiments without mordant were also carried out. The dyed fabric samples were dried at room temperature after washing process and made ready for various measurements. CIEL*a*b* measurements, antibacterial effect and fastness tests, SEM images, FTIR, and ICP-MS analysis of dyed fabric samples were performed. As a result of these processes, it has been determined that Alpinia Officinarum rhizome can be used for coloring woolen fabrics. It was observed that antibacterial effect was obtained in woolen fabrics by using Alpinia officinarum rhizome for both types of bacteria (Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli). The main purpose of this study is to increase the usability of natural products in terms of environmental approaches. In this context, it was observed that the antibacterial effect for woolen fabrics were obtained by using Alpinia officinarum rhizome for both types of bacteria. When FTIR results are examined no significant superficial modification can be detected between dyed wool fabric and undyed wool fabric. Same way, when the SEM image of the wool fabric was examined, it was found that there was no change in the surface appearance due to the use of natural dyestuff and mordant materials.

Valorization of Agro-industrial Waste from Peanuts for Sustainable Natural Dye Production: Focus on Adsorption Mechanisms, Ultraviolet Protection, and Antimicrobial Properties of Dyed Wool Fabric

A semiquantitative dye adsorption analysis of agro-industrial waste from peanuts (skins) on the wool fabric in conjunction with chlorophyll and tannin-rich biomordants was successfully carried out....

Adsorption-Desorption, Thermogravimetric Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Purple Brassica oleracea var. capitata F. rubra (Purple Cabbage) as Sustainable Natural Wool Dye

This study focussed on the dyeing wool fabrics with colourant purple Brassica oleracea var. capitata F. rubra. The process of dyeing was taken place at 60 ºC and pH 5. Adsorption and desorption isotherms experiments investigated by Langmuir and Frendulich models, Langmuir was fitted with the experimental data dyeing adsorption than Freundlich model. The adsorption kinetic of dyeing experiments was studied by using pseudo-first and pseudo-second models and pseudo-second model was more suitable for wool dyeing experiment. The thermal stability of the dye (purple Brassica oleracea var. capitata F. rubra) was studied using thermogravimetric and differential thermal (TGA/DTG) analysis. The antimicrobial activity of purple cabbage methanolic extract recorded of high exhibited Staphylococus aureus (17-18 mm), weak against fungi (11-12 mm), moderate against Bacillus subtilis (14-15 mm) and no results against Escherichia coli. The results obtained from aqueous and petroleum were negative.

Optimization of Extraction and Dyeing Conditions of Natural Dye from Ratanjot Roots Using Ultrasonic Waves

The present work involves the optimization of extraction and dyeing recipes to standardize the procedure for natural dye obtained from the roots of Ratanjot (Onosma echiodes) using ultrasonic waves. The resultant dye obtained at optimized extraction conditions was applied on wool fabric to study the effect of temperature, dye concentration, time and dyeing pH. Optical density and colour strength (K/S value) were studied for evaluation of optimum extraction and dyeing conditions. It was observed that extraction and dyeing parameters have significant effect on colour characteristics of dyed wool fabric. The optimized extraction conditions were; dye extraction pH 7, extraction time 60 min and temperature 60ºC while optimized dyeing parameters were; dyeing temperature 60°C, dye concentration 2 g/g, dyeing time 75 min and dyeing pH 5. It was also observed that the optimum dye extraction time and pH is same with the conventional heating method but there is reduction in the temperature (60°C), dyeing time and dye concentration consumption in ultrasonic extraction and dyeing method, thus saves the energy, time and amount of dye requirement. Therefore, ultrasound wave represents a promising method for increasing diffusion of dye by the effect of cavitation, as well as for improving the effectiveness of processes as compare to conventional heating method.

Color, Fastness, and Antimicrobial Properties of Wool Fabrics Dyed with Helichrysum Arenarium Subsp. Aucheri Extract

ABSTRACT Natural dyestuffs are evaluated as innovative natural sources to color the fabric and give antibacterial properties in the textile industry. In this study, methanol extracts of Helichrysum arenarium subsp. aucheri were used as natural sources in wool fabric dyeing. Aluminum potassium sulfate (KAl(SO4)2.12H2O), copper sulfate (CuSO4.5H2O), and iron sulfate (FeSO4.7H2O) metal salts were used in the pre-mordanting process. The dyeing process was carried out in mordant and non-mordant fabrics at 25% and 50% concentrations. In this experiment, fastness values are ranked between medium and good grades. The point that should be especially emphasized is that the un-mordanted and dyed samples’ fastness values are acceptable. The disc diffusion method was applied to determine the antibacterial effect of extracts against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and gram-negative Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. The methanol extract obtained from the ultrasonic water bath has shown the most powerful antibacterial effect against S. aureus ATCC 25923 with a 15.8 zone diameter. The dyed wool fabrics demonstrated excellent antimicrobial activity (reduction rates: w38.4e100) against two different bacteria according to AATCC 100 method.

Enhancement of wool fabric dyeing via treatment with AgNPs

Nanoparticles are a successful material for fibers and textiles functionality. In this work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by the chemical reduction of Ag+ and then the AgNPs were investigated by UV–visible (UV–vis) spectrophotometer, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The synthesized nanoparticles were used for the surface improvement of the fabric, and the fabric was then dyed with C.I. Acid Red 18 (AR 18) at different temperatures. The physical properties, tensile strength, wrinkle rate, color strength, and colorfastness to perspiration of wool fabric were studied in dyed wool and raw wool fabric. It was found that the nanoparticle-treated fiber was stronger than untreated yarn. The corresponding rate of adsorption was analyzed and calculated according to different kinetic models. Furthermore, diffusion coefficients, the activation energy, and thermodynamic parameters were calculated. Treatment with AgNPs produces a wool fabric with excellent color fastness and antibacterial properties enables enhanced health care and reduced environmental impacts.

Comparison of Wool Fabric Dyeing with Natural and Synthetic Dyes in View of Ecology and Treatability

The aim of this study was to compare the fastness properties and wastewater quality in obtaining the same color on 100% woven wool fabric with natural (madder) and synthetic (1:1 metal complex) dyes. The same color, with similar wet fastness properties, was obtained on the wool fabric when dyed with either dye. On the other hand, conductivity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and the ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) content of dyeings carried out with the synthetic dye mixture were considerably higher than dyeing with madder root extract, and its pH was more acidic. However, the amount of volatile suspended solids and color obtained in natural dyeing was higher than the amount in the synthetic dyeing wastewater.

Removal of Basic Violet from Wool Dyeing Effluent Using Nanoparticles

ABSTRACT In the reported study, nano silica and nano clay were used to remove the residual color from effluent generated during the dyeing of wool fabric with basic violet. Various concentrations (0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1.0%) of the nanoparticles were treated with dye effluent for different durations and the results are compared with the color removal of commercial activated carbon. The nanoparticles were characterized for their physical properties including particle size, FTIR, and TEM. Freundlich isotherm was used for the dye adsorption studies. The FTIR and TEM analysis depicted the characteristic peaks and crystal geometry for the selected nanoparticles. The treated effluent showed a significant reduction in color, biological, and chemical oxygen demand (more than 99%). The treatment was optimized for 1.0% adsorbent concentration for 60 minutes. The color removal efficiency of nano silica was found to be higher at low concentration; however, the efficiency of nano clay exceeded at a higher concentration of adsorbents.

Sustainable wool fabric pad dyeing using reactive dyes in silicone non-aqueous medium

Traditional dyeing usually consumes a large amount of water and chemicals, thus causing environmental problems. To alleviate these problems, non-aqueous dyeing technology appears as an alternative for improving dye fixation and reducing effluent discharge. Here we used silicone non-aqueous medium to dye a wool fabric. Continuous pad dyeing with reactive dyes was investigated. We optimized the type of penetrating agent, padder pressure and concentration of dye. Results show that the fixation and exhaustion reach 88% and 98%, respectively, which are higher than for water-based dyed samples. The rubbing fastness of the dyed wool fabric is improved 1–2 times, and the consumption of dye is reduced by 20% by comparison with acid or reactive exhaust dyeing. Other advantages include continuous salt-free dyeing, washing and drying; saving water and less water pollution.